No abstract available.
Lingual Thyroid*

Ectopic thyroid tissue is an uncommon embryologic aberration characterized by the presence of thyroid tissue in a site other than its usual pre-tracheal location. Single ectopic thyroid tissue is the most common variant, and the base of the tongue is the most frequent ectopic location. Dual ectopic thyroid is extremely rare, and only eleven cases have been reported in the English literature. Furthermore, adenomatous hyperplasia has never been reported to arise from dual ectopic thyroid. There has been only one reported case of adenomatous hyperplasia arising from a single intratracheal ectopic thyroid. We report a case of adenomatous hyperplasia arising from dual ectopic thyroid tissue that presented as a sublingual mass in a 37-yr-old woman. The diagnosis was made through pathologic examination after surgical resection. We also discuss the diagnosis and treatment of ectopic thyroid, along with a review of the literature.
Female ; Humans ; Hyperplasia ; Lingual Thyroid ; Thyroid Dysgenesis ; Thyroid Gland ; Tongue

No abstract available.
Female ; Female* ; Humans ; Hypothyroidism* ; Lingual Thyroid* ; Ovarian Hyperstimulation Syndrome*

No abstract available.
Female ; Female* ; Humans ; Hypothyroidism* ; Lingual Thyroid* ; Ovarian Hyperstimulation Syndrome*

The aim of this study was to provide accurate anatomical descriptions of the overall anatomy of the superior thyroid artery (STA), its relationship to other structures, and its driving patterns. Detailed dissection was performed on thirty specimens of adult's cadaveric neck specimens and each dissected specimen was carefully measured the following patterns and distances using digital and ruler. The superior thyroid, lingual, and facial arteries arise independently from the external carotid artery (ECA), but can also arise together, as the thyrolingual or linguofacial trunk. We observed that 83.3% of STAs arose independently from the major artery, while 16.7% of the cases arose from thyrolingual or linguofacial trunk. We also measured the distance of STA from its major artery. The origin of the STA from the ECA was 0.9±0.4 mm below the hyoid bone. The STA was 4.4±0.5 mm distal to the midline at the level of the laryngeal prominence and 3.1±0.6 mm distal to the midline at the level of the inferior border of thyroid cartilage. The distance between STA and the midline was similar at the level of the hyoid bone and the thyroid cartilage. Also, when the STA is near the inferior border of the thyroid cartilage, it travels at a steep angle to the midline. This latter point may be particularly important in thyroidectomies. We hope that anatomical information provided here will enhance the success of, and minimize complications in, surgeries that involve STA.
Arteries* ; Cadaver ; Carotid Artery, External ; Hope ; Hyoid Bone* ; Lingual Thyroid ; Neck ; Thyroid Cartilage* ; Thyroid Gland* ; Thyroidectomy

Ectopic thyroid is not common disease and double ectopic thyroid is rare. Until January of 2008, dual ectopic thyroid has been reported only 23 cases in international literatures. Tc-99m sodium pertechnetate scan is playing an important role in the diagnosis of ectopic thyroid. In most of the cases, dual lingual thyroid tissues could be detected as two radiotracer uptake foci. We report a case of dual lingual thyroid mimicking mono-lingual thyroid in the anterior view of thyroid scan. Lateral view helped in this case to detect the dual lingual thyroid. With lateral view, the anatomical position and relationship could be examined in more detail.
Lingual Thyroid ; Sodium ; Sodium Pertechnetate Tc 99m ; Thyroid Dysgenesis ; Thyroid Gland

Lingual thyroid, characterized by presence of thyroid tissue at the base of the tongue in the region between the circumvallate papillae and the epiglottis, is the most common location for ectopic thyroid tissue. Excision of the lingual thyroid is rarely necessary. When a lingual thyroid becomes symptomatic, removal is advocated. Minimally invasive surgical techniques have been proposed for more than two decades. The use of CO₂ laser for removal of lingual thyroid offers advantages over traditional open approaches. We experienced a case of non-functioning lingual thyroid which caused dysphagia in the patient. We successfully excised it with CO₂ laser via transoral approach without any complications.
Deglutition Disorders ; Epiglottis ; Humans ; Lingual Thyroid* ; Thyroid Dysgenesis ; Thyroid Gland ; Tongue

Ectopic thyroid is an uncommon embryological aberration characterized by the presence of thyroid tissue at a site other than in its usual pretracheal region. Usually it occurs along the path of descent of the developing thyroid primodium from the foramen cecum, commonest being lingual followed by sublingual and in the anterior midline of neck at, or below, the level of the hyoid bone. It is unusal for lingual thyroid to present simultaneously with another ectopic thyroid, so we report a case of 12-year-old girl who had multiple ectopic thyroid glands with goiter and compensated hypothyroidism diagnosed by computerized tomography in lingual and infrahyoid area.
Cecum ; Child ; Female ; Goiter* ; Humans ; Hyoid Bone ; Hypothyroidism* ; Lingual Thyroid ; Neck ; Thyroid Dysgenesis* ; Thyroid Gland

Ectopic thyroid is an uncommon embryological aberration characterized by the presence of thyroid tissue in sites other than in its usual pretracheal region. Lingual thyroid, although it is the most common manifestation of benign ectopic thyroid tissue, is still a rare clinical entity. Thyroid hemiagenesis is also a very rare abnormality, in which one thyroid lobe fails to develop. We report a case of left thyroid hemiagenesis and goiter in the right lobe of a 26-year-old female patient with ectopic lingual thyroid.
Adult ; Choristoma ; Female ; Goiter* ; Humans ; Lingual Thyroid* ; Thyroid Dysgenesis* ; Thyroid Gland*

Ectopic thyroid is an uncommon embryological aberration characterized by the presence of thyroid tissue in a site other than in its usual pretracheal region. It occurs along the path of descent of the developing thyroid primodium from the foramen cecum. It most commonly presents as a lingual thyroid, and is the only thyroid in 70% of all cases. It is extremely rare for two ectopic foci of thyroid tissue to present simultaneously. The authors report a recent case of dual ectopic thyroid present in the lingual and infrahyoid area with no thyroid tissue in the pretracheal area in a 15 year-old girl. The presence of dual ectopic thyroid tissue was confirmed by CT and scintigram with 99 mTc. The patient had originally been scheduled for surgery under the impression of a thyroglossal duct cyst, but the pre-operative neck CT and thyroid scans revealed the presence of a dual ectopic thyroid, thus preventing unnecessary surgery. Therefore, ultrasound scans or a neck CT's and thyroid scans should be performed routinely to confirm the presence of thyroid in the normal position and avoid unnecessary surgeries.
Adolescent ; Cecum ; Female ; Humans ; Lingual Thyroid ; Neck ; Thyroglossal Cyst ; Thyroid Dysgenesis* ; Thyroid Gland ; Ultrasonography ; Unnecessary Procedures