Objective: To explore the influence of endoscopic sinus surgery on postoperative cognitive performance, quality of life and psychological status of patients with sinusitis and nasal polyps. Methods: From January 2017 to January 2018, 300 patients with sinusitis and nasal polyps who underwent endoscopic sinus surgery in the Fifth Hospital of Shaoxing were selected.The quality of life, psychological status and cognitive performance of patients before and after surgery were compared. Results: After operation, 190 cases were cured, 90 cases were effective, and 20 cases were ineffective.The total effective rate was 93.33% (280/300 cases). After operation, the patients′ nasal endoscopy score was (3.23±0.34) points, which was significantly lower than before operation [(8.53±1.63)points] (t=43.875, P<0.05). After surgery, the clinical main symptoms such as nasal congestion, nasal secretions, headache, facial pain and olfactory disturbance were significantly improved (t=13.070, 12.252, 6.501, 8.954, 5.503, all P<0.05). After operation, the patients' anxiety scale (HAMA) and depression self-rating scale (SDS) scores were significantly lower (t=115.012, 45.203, all P<0.05). After surgery, the scores of physiological function, social function, physiological role, physical pain, mental health, emotional color and vitality were significantly increased (t=5.231, 5.579, 10.360, 8.580, 9.23, 11.336, 1.993, all P<0.05), and the total score of the Medical Outcome Study Simplified Scale-36 (SF-36) score was also significantly improved (t=8.942, P<0.05). After surgery, the 20 and 5 items of the patient-stomach-sinus test-20 (SNOT-20) entry score gradually decreased from 1 month after surgery (t=16.029, 18.041, all P<0.05). After operation, the cognitive performance of the patients was significantly improved.The awareness of sinusitis and nasal polyps related diseases was (70.94±2.85)points, and the knowledge of nasal endoscopy was (95.23±3.84)points, the differences were statistically significant (t=16.474, 58.484, all P<0.05). Conclusion Endoscopic sinus surgery can improve the cognitive performance of patients with sinusitis and nasal polyps, reduce negative emotions such as anxiety and depression, and improve the quality of life of patients.It is worthy of widespread promotion in clinic.