OBJECTIVETo observe the effects of moxibustion with different temperatures on cholesterol and skin around "Shenque" (CV 8) in mice with acute hyperlipidemia, and to explore the correlation between moxibustion effect and transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1).

METHODSEight mice among 32 mice of C57BL/6J wild type (WT) were selected into a blank group, and the remaining 24 mice were made into the acute hyperlipidemia model by injection of egg yolk. After model establishment, the mice were randomly divided into a model group, a 38 °C moxibustion group and a 46 °C moxibustion group, 8 mice in each group. The temperature was (38 ± 1) °C in the 38 °C moxibustion group and (46 ± 1) °C in the 46 °C moxibustion group. "Shenque" (CV 8) and "Zusanli" (ST 36) were selected in the two groups; moxibustion was given for 10 min per time, once a day for 2 times. Mice in the blank group and model group were treated with immobilization and moxibustion was not given. After treatment, the level of serum cholesterol was tested by oxidase method; the morphology of skin around "Shenque" (CV 8) was observed by HE staining; the expression of TRPV1 in skin was measured by immunohistochemistry.

RESULTS(1) Compared with the blank group, the level of serum cholesterol was increased in the model group (P < 0.001); compared with the model group, the level of serum cholesterol was reduced in the 46 °C moxibustion group (P < 0.001); compared with the 38 °C moxibustion group, the level of serum cholesterol was reduced in the 46 °C moxibustion group (P < 0.01). (2) There was slight change of morphology and structure in skin tissue in the 38 °C moxibustion group, while obvious change was observed in the 46 °C moxibustion group, indicating specific change. (3) The difference of the expression of TRPV1 in skin was significantly different between 46 °C moxibustion group and blank group, model group (both P < 0.01); it was also different from the 38 °C moxibustion group (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONMoxibustion temperature is one of the important factors affecting the cholesterol and acupoint skin. The effects of moxibustion are related to TRPV1.

Acupuncture Points ; Animals ; Cholesterol ; blood ; Female ; Humans ; Hyperlipidemias ; blood ; therapy ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Moxibustion ; Skin ; anatomy & histology ; metabolism ; TRPV Cation Channels ; metabolism ; Temperature

BACKGROUND:Pneumatic lithotripsy and holmium laser lithotripsy for distal ureteral calculi have their own advantages and disadvantages in efficacy and complications, but both of them are currently better treatments. ＜br> OBJECTIVE:To compare the efficacy and safety of holmium laser lithotripsy and pneumatic lithotripsy for the treatment of distal ureteral calculi through a meta analysis. ＜br> METHODS:A online search of China Biological Medicine disk, PubMed, Cochrane Library, Springerlink, Medline, and Embase databases was performed from March 1999 to December 2013. A manual retrieval of relevant journals was also done for clinical trials about holmium laser lithotripsy and pneumatic lithotripsy for treatment of distal ureteral calculi. RevMan 5.1.5 software (Cachrane Library) was used for meta analysis. The fol owing indexes were used to compare the results:mean operative time, early stone free rate, stone migration rate, ureteral perforation rate, postoperative hematuria rate and retaining double-J catheter rate. ＜br> RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Four prospective studies (a total of 275 patients) were enrol ed, and there were 140 cases in the group of holmium laser lithotripsy and 133 cases in the pneumatic Lithotripsy group. Holmium laser lithotripsy conveyed significant benefits compared with pneumatic lithotripsy in mean operative time [WMD=-16.38, 95%CI (-20.29,-12.47), P＜0.000 01], stone migration incidence [OR=0.25, 95%CI (0.10, 0.63), P=0.003], retaining double-J catheter rate [OR=0.44, 95%CI (0.25, 0.78), P=0.004], while early stone free rate, postoperative hematuria rate and ureteral perforation rate had no significant changes between the two groups. Compared with pneumatic lithotripsy, holmium laser lithotripsy can shorten mean operative time and reduce the stone migration rate. Because of the lack of prospective studies and smal sample size, large-sized randomized control ed studies are urgently needed to provide evidence.

Objective To investigate the computer tomography (CT) and magnetic res-onance imaging (MRI) features of posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) caused by pregnancy-indueed hypertension (PIH). Methods CT scan and MRI scan + diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) were used in 31 patients with PIH. Results CT scan found low density lesions in parietal-occipital lobe of watershed regions in 31 patients with PIH. CT value was 19 to 23Hu. Among them, MRI showed slight hypointensity lesions on T1-weighted images and slight hyperintensity lesions on T2-weight images in 11 patients, fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) sequence showed hyperintensity lesions, DWI revealed isointense, and apparent diffusion coefficient- did not decrease. The recovery time of clinical symptoms was earlier than that of MRI. Conclusions The lesion sites on cr and MRI had certain characteristics in PIH occurred PRES at late pregnancy, combining clinical history a clear diagnosis could be made.

Objective To evaluate the value of reducing radiation dose with ECG-pulsing and image quality in 64-row multi-alice CT coronary angiography.Methods Fifty-nine consecutive patients whose heart rates were less than 80 beat per minute and cardiac rhythm was regular were randomly divided into two groups from October 26, 2007 to March 12, 2008.Conventional technique of CT coronary angiography was employed in group 1, while ECG-pulsing technique was applied in group 2.CT dose index volume (CTDIvol) and dose length product (DLP) were obtained automatically, and then the corresponding effective dose (ED) were calculated.The quality scores were performed on obtained imaging by using double blind method.Student t-test was applied in the comparison of value of CTDIvol, value of ED and quality of imagiugbetween two groups.Results The value of CTDIvol was (70.0±1.1) and (39.0±2.7) mGy, the value of ED was (16.8±2.0) and (9.5±1.7) rosy in group 1 and group 2, respectively, which reached statistically significant differences between the groups(t=57.675,15.346 ,P <0.01, respectively). The quality scores of coronary images were 3.8±0.2 and 3.8±0.1 in the groups, which did not reach the statistical significance (t=-0.222, P 0.05).Conclusions The proper application of ECG-Pulsing technology in 64-slice spiral CT coronary angiography can reduce radiation dose significantly while having no influence on the quality of the imaging.

Objective To discuss the value of MR T2 mapping in the research of the biomechanics and function of cartilage of knee joint.Methods Knees of 20 healthy adults before and after jogging and 19 osteoarthritis patients were examined with sagittal 8-echo SE sequence.The T2 value of cartilage was selected and calculated.The T2 values in the superficial and deep cartilage of femoral and tibial joint before and after jogging were compared,so did between the osteoarthritis patients and healthy adults.The source images were sent to the workstation to get T2 mappings.The T2 value of cartilage between before and after jogging was compared with paired-samples t test.The T2 value between superficial and deep cartilage before jogging was compared with independent-samples t test,so did between the osteoarthritis patients and healthy adults.Results The T2 values in the superficial and the deep tibial cartilage were(48.8±6.3)ms,(44.3±5.7)ms before jogging and(43.4±5.0)ms,(40.3±6.1)ms after jogging.The T2 values were significantly different between before and after jogging(t=6.004 and t=5.037,P＜0.05).There was a significant difference between superficial and deep tibial cartilage before jogging(t=3.148,P＜0.01).The T2 Values in the superficial and deep femoral cartilage were(52.1±5.7)ms,(47.7±5.3)ms before jogging and(47.2±4.5)ms,(43.6±4.1)ms after jogging.The T2 values were significantly different between before and after jogging(t=6.169 and t=5.957,P＜0.05).There was a significant difference between superficial and deep femoral cartilage before jogging(t=3.384,P＜0.01).The T2 mapping showed those changes.The mean T2 value in the tibial cartilage of osteoarthritis patients was(56.0±9.1)ms and was higher than that of healthy adults.There was a significent difference between osteoarthritis patients and healthy adults(t=-3.446,P＜0.01).Conclusion T2 mapping can be used in the research of biomechanics and function of cartilage and has a prelimilary value in the diagnosis of cartilage degeneration.

Objective To investigate the effect of slice orientation on the popliteomeniscal fasciculi (PMF) MR imaging and its normal MRI appearances. Methods Volumetric MRI data of 40 knees of healthy volunteers were acquired using an isotropic 3D turbo spin echo (TSE) MR sequence. The posterior tangential line to both femoral condyles was used as the reference line, and the long axis sectional images of the popliteal hiatus region were reformatted at 0°, 15°, 30°, 45°, 60°, 75° and 90° to the reference line. The MRI appearances of the PMF were scored respectively and classified. The final scores of the PMF at each slice angle were statistically analyzed by a repeated measure ANOVA. Results At 0°, 15°, 30°, 45°, 60°, 75° and 90° slice angles: scores of the anteroinferior fasciculi were (1.7±0.7), (1.8±0.6), (1.9±0.6), (2.0±0.7), (1.9±0.7), (1.8±0.8) and (1.0±0.5),respectively. Scores of the posterosuperior fasciculi were (1.5±0.7), (1.9±0.7), (2.1±0.6), (2.2±0.6),(2.2±0.6), (2.0±0.8) and (1.7±0.8), respectively. There were statistically significant differences in the average scores at each slice angle for both anteroinferior fasciculi (F = 29.744, P = 0.000) and posterosuperior fasciculi (F = 19.770,P =0.000). The anteroinferior fasciculi and the posterosuperior fasciculi had highest average scores at the angle of 45°. The percentage of type A, B and C of anteroinferior fascicali were 20.0% (8/40), 75.0% (30/40) and 5.0% (2/40), respectively. The percentage of type A, B and C of posterosuperior fasciculi were 37.5% (15/40) ,62.5% (25/40) and 0% (0/40) ,respectively. Conclusion The anteroinferior fasciculi and the posterosuperior fasciculi can be well depicted at the angle of 45° slice orientation.

OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of Shenqi fuzheng injection assisting TACE in the adjuvant treatment of primary liver carcinoma,and to provide evidence-based reference.METHODS:Retrieved from CJFD,Wanfang database,VIP and PubMed,randomized controlled trials (RCTs) about Shenqi fuzheng injection assisting TACE (trial group) vs.TACE alone (control group) in the treatment of primary liver carcinoma were collected.Meta-analysis was performed by using Stata 12.0 software after data extraction and quality evaluation according to improved Jadad scale.RESULTS:A total of 8 RCTs were included,involving 527 patients.Results of Meta-analysis showed that there was no statistical significance in response rate [RR=1.19,95％CI(0.97,1.46),P=0.091] and clinical benefit rate [RR=1.16,95％CI(0.90,1.48),P=0.251] of 2 groups.The rate of life quality improvement in trial group was significantly higher than control group [RR=2.26,95 ％ CI (1.64,3.10),P=0.001],while the incidence of above middle fever [RR=0.74,95％ CI (0.63,0.88),P=0.001],gastrointestinal reaction [RR=0.52,95％ CI (0.32,0.85),P=0.010] and leucocyte reduction rate [RR=0.75,95％ CI (0.62,0.92),P=0.005],were significantly lower than control group,with statistical significance.CONCLUSIONS:Shenqi fuzheng injection assisting TACE for primary liver carcinoma cannot improve therapeutic efficacy but improve the quality of life and reduce the incidence of gastrointestinal reaction and leucocyte reduction.

Objective To study the clinicopathological and immunohistochemical features, histogenesis and biological behavior of solid pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas ( SPT ). Methods Routine HE and immunohistochemical ( SP) methods were used in 20 cases of SPT. Results There were 18 females and 2 males, age ranging from 13 to 48 years with mean age of 25. 3 years. Abdominal pain and palpable mass were among the main complains. Seventeen cases were followed-up from 9 to 120 monthes. Fourteen cases were alive. Tumors were encapsulated, mixed with solid and cystic tissues. Histological features were psudopapillary structure with a fibrovascular core. Immunohistogically, the tumors were positive for a-1-AT ( 17 cases) , vimentin ( 14 cases) , synaptophysin ( 10 cases) , CgA (5 cases) ,CK and insulin (2 cases) ,glucagon and S-100 (1 case) ,PR (14 cases) , ER (1 case) ,pS2 (6 cases) , but all were negative for CEA and gastrin. Conclusion SPT is of low-graded malignancy and a distinct clinicopathologic entity in young female patients with both exocrine as well as endocrine differentiation. The tumor is closely related with sex hormone receptors.

One hundred ten patients with Parkinson′s disease(PD)and 110 age-matched healthy controls were enrolled in the study.The non-motor symptoms(NMS)were assessed with Non-motor symptoms of Parkinson′s disease questionnaire(PDNMSQ30).The PD patients were classified as gait abnormality posture type(PIGD, n=73)and tremor type(TD, n=37).The non-motor symptoms were compared between two groups.Results showed that the NMS in PD patients was higher than that in healthy controls[(35.2 ±3.0)vs.(6.0 ±2.0)symptoms, t=6.43, P=0.01].The NMS score of PIGD group was higher than that of TD group[(28.9 ±1.1)vs.(6.2 ±0.7)symptoms, t=2.73, P<0.01]; Mini-mental state examination(MMSE)and Montreal cognitive assessment scale(MoCA)scores of TD group were significantly higher than those of PIGD group(t=11.52,P<0.01; t=8.79,P<0.01).The results indicate that for PD patients with different motor types,their NMS are different,and PD patients with PIGD have more axial involvement,and more NMS.

Objective To compare the therapeutic effect of inhaled aerosolized and intravenous milrinone (a phosphodiesteraee-3 inhibitor) on postoperative pulmonary artery hypertension (PAH) in children with congenital heart disease (CHD).Methods Forty CHD complicated with PAH children aged 5-14 yr weighing 15-38 kg with pulmonary artery pressure (PAP) 30-90 mm Hg were randomly divided into 2 groups (n = 20 each): Ⅰ milrinone inhalation group and Ⅱ intravenous milrinone group. At the end of CPB, aerosolized milrinone 1 ml/kg was inhaled for 12 h at 30 min intervals, and each time milrinone was inhaled for 10 min in group Ⅰ . In group Ⅱ , a bolus of 10 g/kg milrinone was given iv followed by 12 h milrinone infusion at 0.5 μg·kg-1 ·min-1 . Blood samples were taken from aorta and pulmonary artery for blood gas analysis at the end of administration and venous oxygen saturation (S(-v)O2) was recorded. MAP, PAP, pulmonary vascular resistance index (PVRI) and systemic vascular resistance index (SVRI) were recorded every 2 h during milrinone administration. The duration of endotracheal tube, PAH, lung infection and postoperative hyoxemia were recorded during milrinone administration. Results PAP, PVRI and the incidence of lung infection and PAH were significantly lower, while MAP, SVRI and S(-v)O2higher in group Ⅰ than in group Ⅱ (P ＜ 0.05), but there was no significant difference in the duration of endotracheal tube and incidence of hyoxemia between the two groups(P ＞ 0.05). Conclusion Inhaled aerosolized milrinone has better therapeutic effect than intravenous milrinone on PAH in children with CHD.