Objective To observe the effect of Qingre-Lishi Recipe on insulin resistance in patients with obese type 2 diabetes. Methods 60 patients of obese type 2 diabetes were randomly divided into two groups, the treatment group (30 patients) and the control group (30 patients). On the basis of routine treatments that were received by both groups, the treatment group was given Qingre-Lishi Recipe additionally, taking twice a day, one in the morning and the other in night, with the total amount as much as one dose. The course for both treatments is 8 weeks. When the treatments were finished, alleviation of main symptoms of Chinese medicine, the levels of FBG (6.52±0.45) mmol/L、 HbAlc (6.02±0.43) ％、 FINS (7.52± 1.28) μIU/ml、 IAI ( 1.62±0.21 )、TG ( 1.13 ± 0.36) mmol/L、 HDL-C ( 1.69 ± 0.20) mmol/L of patients in both groups were compared. Results After treatments, the changes in alleviation of main symptoms of Chinese medicine, in the level of FPG, HbA 1 c,FINS, IAI, TG and HDL-C between the two groups were of statistical significance, (P＜0.05 or P＜0.01).Conclusion Qingre-Lishi Recipe has an obvious clinical effect in bettering clinical symptoms and alleviating Insulin Resistance in patients with obese type 2 diabetes.

Objective To observe the effect of Yiqi Huoxuehuatan Recipe in treating elderly diabetic coronary heart disease. Methods 68 patients with elderly diabetic coronary heart disease were randomly assigned to the treatment group (34 patients) and control group (34 patients). The former received a routine western medicine treatment plus Yiqi Huoxuehuatan Recipe, one dose per day; while the latter group received a routine western medicine treatment only, both treated for a course of 60 days. When the treatments were finished,angina curing effect, alleviation of main symptoms, ECG, FPG, 2hPG, HbA1c, TC, TQ LDL-C, HDL-C, and indicators of blood rheology (low shear whole blood viscosity, plasma viscosity, RBC aggregation index, RBC deformation index) were compared. Results Changes in angina curing effect, alleviation of main symptoms,ECQ lipid and indicators of blood rheology were significant (χ2=4.53> 4.12, P<0.05) between the two groups.Conclusion Yiqi Huoxuehuatan Recipe has an obvious clinical effect in treating elderly diabetic coronary heart disease by improving clinical effect, helping in alleviation of angina, ameliorating lipid metabolism disorder and correcting the abnormal indicators of blood rheology.

There are many therapeutic drugs for rheumatoid arthritis(RA) treatment,but the pathogenesis of RA have not been fully understood,therefore no curable drug has been found.With increasing knowledge of the inflammatory process,especially in signaling,some drugs modifying disease progress and interfering signaling pathways have been studied.Cytokine inhibitors such as tumor necrosis factor-blocking agents and IL-1 receptor antagonist in clinical trials and in practice have resulted in dramatic improvement in RA disease control.Important molecular mechanisms of actions on total glucosides of paeony(TGP) and Glucosides of Chaenomeles speciosa(GCS) were showed to modulate G protein-AC-cAMP and Ras-MAPKs signaling pathways and to inhibit synoviacytes proliferation.This review focuses on agents which target various cytokines,other inflammatory mediators,antigen of cells,and signaling pathways.

Objective To explore the predictive value of plasma catestatin (CST ) and its influence factors for prognosis of patients with chronic systolic heart failure .Methods In a retrospective study ,the clinical data of 352 chronic systolic heart failure patients were collected from our hospital 2009 to 2013 .The patients were categorized into 4 groups (n= 88) according to CST (ng/L) quartile :≤ 60 .24 ,60 .25 - 76 .57 ,76 .58 - 86 .33 and ≥ 86 .34 ng/L .Blood pressure ,heart function ,blood biochemical index and renal function were compared among groups as well as the correlation with CST by Spearman correlation .According to the survival situation of follow‐up ,the patients were assigned into death and survival groups .The predictive value of CST for the prognosis of chronic systolic heart failure patients were analyzed by univariate and multivariate Cox survival analysis .Results Age ,sex ,body mass index ,red blood cell count ,red blood cell volume ,hemoglobin ,albumin ,total bilirubin ,serum creatinine ,blood urea nitrogen ,u‐ric acid and pathogeny among 4 groups had no statistical significance (P> 0 .05) .Patients with higher CST levels were more likely to had higher NYHA classification ,systolic pressure ,diastolic pressure ,high sensitivity C‐reactive protein (hs‐CRP) ,plasma N‐ter‐minal proBNP (NT‐proBNP ) ,left ventricular end‐diastolic diameter (LVEDD ) and right ventricular end‐diastolic diameter (RVEDD) ,and had a lower left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) (all P< 0 .05) .The CST was positively correlated with hs‐CRP ,NT‐proBNP ,LVEDD and RVEDD (r = 0 .452 ,0 .571 ,0 .536 ,0 .473) and negatively correlated with LVEF (r = - 0 .357) . Taken CST ≤ 60 .24 ng/L for reference ,the risks of death for groups of 60 .25 - 76 .57 ,76 .58 - 86 .33 and ≥ 86 .34 ng/L increased by 1 .471 ,1 .767 and 7 .822 ,respectively .The Cox survival analysis showed that NYHA classification ,LVEF ,cardiac arrhythmia , atrial enlargement ,heart failure history and CST were independent prognostic factors .Conclusion The mortality of patients with chronic systolic heart failure was associated with plasma CST .Elevated CST increased total mortality risk and were independent prognostic factors of these patients ,but the evaluation of the prognostic value of CST etiology factors should be considered .

Animal models of rheumatoid arthritis(RA)especially adjuvant arthritis(AA)in rats and collagen induced arthritis(CIA)in mice have much character similar to human RA in pathological mechanism,clinical representation and so on. The models are more ideal in investigating RA and selecting drugs of anti inflammation and immunity. To discuss the pathological mechanism and the relation between animal models of RA and clinic will be important not only to research RA in pathology,physiology,nervous endocrine immunity and so on,but also to find out safety and effective drugs of treatment RA. The articl summarizes several animal models of RA in establishment,pathological and clinical changes,inflammatory immune regulation and so on.

OBJECTIVETo explore a safe and effective scheme of analgesic for labor.

METHODSEighty-four primiparas without contraindication of vaginal delivery were divided into an observation group and a control group, 42 cases in each one. In the observation group, the acupoint injection was given at Zusanli (ST 36) combined with electroacupuncture (EA) at Hegu (LI 4) and Sanyinjiao (SP 6) till the cervical opening at the end of first stage labor. In the control group, the routine respiratory instruction was applied. In 5 min, 10 min and 60 min of acupuncture (the same time points in the control group) as well as at the end of the first and second stage labor, the analgesic effect was assessed for the primiparas of the two groups. The labor stages, adverse reactions, postpartum hemorrhage, postpartum urine retention, newborn asphyxia rate and usage rate of oxytocin were compared between the two groups.

RESULTSIn the observation group, in 5 min, 10 min and 60 min of acupuncture as well as at the end of the first and second stages, the visual analogue scale (VAS) was lower apparently as compared with the control group at the corresponding time points (all P < 0.05). The differences in the time limit in the active period, the second and third stages were not significant between the two groups (all P > 0.05). The incidence of adverse reactions and the usage rate of oxytocin were lower than those in the control group [2.4% (1/42) vs 31.0% (13/42); 2.4% (1/42) vs 23.8% (10/42), both P < 0.05]. The differences in postpartum hemorrhage, postpartum urine retention and newborn asphyxia rate were not significant between the two groups (all P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONThe combination of acupoint injection and EA is the effective analgesic scheme for labor. This scheme effectively alleviates labor pain and has no maternal and child complications.

Acupuncture Analgesia ; Acupuncture Points ; Adult ; Analgesics ; administration & dosage ; Combined Modality Therapy ; Electroacupuncture ; Female ; Humans ; Labor Pain ; drug therapy ; therapy ; Labor, Obstetric ; Pregnancy ; Young Adult

Objective To investigate the effectiveness of implantation of homologous cancellous and autologous red marrow under endoscope in the treatment of traumatic bone nonunion or bone defect.MethodsTotally 25 patients with traumatic bone nonunion or bone defect were enrolled in this study.The lesion involved the tibia bone in 9 cases,the femur in 13,and the humerus in 3.The grafts were sized 1 to 6 cm in length(mean,2.7 cm).Before the implantation of the cancellous bones,the scar fibrous tissues within the nonunion were removed completely by endoscopy,and then autologous red marrow obtained from the iliac crest was injected.ResultsAll the patients were followed up for 12 to 36 months(mean,25 months).The surgical wounds healed primarily in all of the cases without injuries to the blood vessels and nerves.Bony union was achieved within 4 to 9 months(mean,5.1 months) in 23 of the patients,the other 2 failed because of breaking and loosing of internal fixators.No patient developed re-nonunion and infection.ConclusionsImplantation of homologous cancellous and autologous red marrow under endoscope is effective for traumatic bone nonunion or bone defect with a low rate of complication and high rate of bony union.Since no need to harvest the ilium bone,the method is minimally invasive for the patients.

Objective To observe the location of the watershed zones of the choroidal blood supply relative to the optic disc in glaucoma by indocyanine green angiography, and to investigate the mechanisms in the development of glaucomatous neuropathy. Method Simultaneous ICGA and FFA were performed on 31 eyes of 31 patients with glaucoma (17 of POAG, 14 of NTG) and 37 eyes of 37 control subjects. The watershed zones were classified into three types according to their location relative to the optic disc: by type Ⅰ, no watershed zone around the optic disc; type Ⅱ, the optic disc surrounded partially by watershed zone; type Ⅲ, the optic disc surrounded completely by watershed zone. Each of the watershed zone types was scored (i.e., type Ⅰ=1, type Ⅱ=2, type Ⅲ=3). Results In 87.1% of the glaucomatous eyes, the watershed zones included or partially included the optic disc. However, the figure in the control group was 56.8%. The glaucoma group had a higher score of watershed zone type than the control group. Conclusions The mechanisms in the development of glaucomatous neuropathy are correlative to the choroidal blood supply around the optic disc.

AIM To observe the antinociceptive effects of glucosides of Chaenomeles speciosa(GCS) and to study their relative mechanism. METHODS The effects of GCS on normal and inflammatory animals were observed in mouse acetic acid writhing test, mouse formalin test and arthritic flexion test of adjuvant arthritis(AA) rats; the concentration of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α) secreted by the synovial cells of AA rats were measured by radioimmunoassay. RESULTSDifferent doses of GCS (60, 120, 240 mg·kg-1 for mice and 30, 60, 120 mg·kg-1 for rats, ig) inhibited mice′s writhing response and second phase of formalin response. It also suppressed the increased arthritic flexion scores in AA rats. On 28 d after inflammation induction, GCS (60, 120 mg·kg-1) decreased the concentration of PGE2 and TNF-α of synovial cells in the AA rats. CONCLUSIONGCS have antinociceptive effects, which related to its inhibitory effects on peripheral inflammatory mediators.

Objective To study the antiviral and antibacterial effects of the effective site of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM-ES).Methods Chicken embryoes were infected with influenza virus A(FM1 strain) and pre-injected with TCM-ES by means of chicken-embryo inoculation technique,and the antiviral effect of TCM-ES on chicken embryo was assayed by detecting the hemagglutination titers in allantoic fluids.Mice were orally pretreated with various dosages of drugs twice daily for 3 days,then were given drugs continuously for another 4 days following FM1 infection.The protective effects of TCM-ES on mice infected with FM1 were assayed by calculating the weight,index of lung,death-protection rate,and life-prolongation rate,etc.Ribavirin was used as the positive control.In addition,the antibacterial effects of TCM-ES were observed by detecting the minimum inhibitory concentration(MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration(MBC) by test-tube dilution method.Results In chicken embryo experiments,TCM-ES showed a potential inhibiting effect on influenza virus with the MIC of 10 mg/mL,which was weaker than ribavirin.The results of animal experiment showed that the body-weight(BW) and pulmonary index of infected model group decreased evidently compared with those of the normal group,TCM-ES groups at the dosages of 750 mg/kg and 1500 mg/kg could reverse the decrease of BW and lung index as compared with the infected models,the difference being insignificant as compared with the normal group.Moreover,TCM-ES also increased the death-protection rate and life-prolongation rate of mice in a dose-dependent manner.TCM-ES at dosage of 10 mg/mL(MIC and MBC) had an antibacterial effect on staphylococcus,while had no effect on gram-negative bacilli.Conclusion TCM-ES has obvious antivirus effect on influenza virus FM1 strain,and also has certain antibacterial effect on staphylococcus,which is worth of further development and research.