Objective To diagnose the infection of Pseudomonas aeruginosa early. Methods Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to amplify the fragment of Pseudomonas aeruginosa OprI gene. The fragment was determined by HaeⅢ and PvuⅡ digestion, and sequencing analyses. Results It showed that 96 of 223 specimens were cultured to be positive with Pseudomonas aeruginosa, 96 of which had expectant streaks. Otherwise the other specimens had no positive streaks. The procedure needed only 4 hours. The PCR products were determined by ribonuclease HaeⅢ and PvuⅡ , and resulted in two small fragments with 49bp and 112bp separately. By automatic sequencing analysis, the coincidence rate with the gene bank was 100%. Conclusions The results indicates that the OprI gene detection by PCR is a specific, sensitive and quick technique for the diagnosis of Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection.

Objective To evaluate the value of 99mTc-MIBI SPECT positive tumor imaging and MRI in the diagnosis of recurrence and postoperative residual of glioma. Methods Of 30 cases of glioma, 21 cases were residual or recurrent of glioma, while 9 cases were not, confirmed by pathology or follow-up. 99mTc-MIBI SPECT positive tumor imaging and MRI were performed on all patients. Results The sensitivity of 99mTc-MIBI SPECT positive tumor imaging (80.1%)was lower than that of MRI (90.5%) (χ2 = 0.006 4,P = 0.035), while the specificity of 99mTc-MIBI SPECT(88.9%) was much higher than that MRI(77.8%)(χ2= 3.827,P = 0.006). The accuracy in diagnosing residual or recurrent glioma between the two imaging has no significant difference. The sensitivity, specificity and accuracy were 95.2%, 100% and 93.3% when the two imaging methods were combined. Conclusions 99mTc-MIBI SPECT positive tumor imaging has higher specificity in the diagnosis of recurrence and postoperative residual of glioma. The combination of 99mTc-MIBI SPECT positive tumor imaging and MRI has great clinical significance.

Objective To explore the diagnostic value of 18F-FDG/ 99mTc-MIBI dual-isotope SPECT and gated myocardial imaging in early diagnosis of diabetes-induced myocardial damage. Methods 32 patients with diabetes and 26 healthy volunteers received 18F-FDG/ 99mTc-MIBI dual-isotope SPECT and gated myocardial imaging for assessing myocardial ischemia, viability status, and cardiac function. Results Myocardial perfusion abnormalitieswere observed in 47 regions on myocardial perfusion imagingin 21 of 32 (65.6%)patients with diabetes, showing perfusion/metabolism mismatched and suggesting viable myocardium. All the volunteers were normal on DISA. As compared with the normal control group, the positive rate of DISA in diabetic patients was significantly higher (P < 0.01). Left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) was (54.3 ± 7.2%) and (67.3±4.9%) respectively, the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). Conclusions 18F-FDG/ 99mTc-MIBI dual-isotope SPECT and gated myocardial imaging can assess myocardial ischemia ,viability and cardiac function in diabetic patients, and it is helpful for the early diagnosis of cardiac damage in patients with diabetes mellitus.

[ABSTRACT]AIM:Toobservetheeffectofazithromycinontheratswithchronicobstructivepulmonarydisease ( COPD) , and to explore the underlying mechanism about the airway inflammation and mucus hypersecretion.METH-ODS:Male SD rats were randomly divided into normal control group, COPD model group, azithromycin treatment group. The COPD model was established by the method of cigarette smoking combined with intratracheal injection of LPS.Patho-logical changes of the bronchi and lung tissues of the rats were observed with HE staining.Pulmonary ventilation function in the rats was detected with pulmonary function instrument.The levels of IL-8, IL-17 and TNF-αin bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were measured by ELISA.The expression of MUC5ac and TLR4 at mRNA and protein levels in bronchi and lung tissues was determined by real-time PCR and Western blot.RESULTS:HE staining showed that the changes of bron-chi and lung tissues in model group were consistent with typical pathological manifestations of COPD .Compared with model group, these changes were alleviated in treatment group.The pulmonary functions in model group were significantly de-creased compared with control group.The levels of IL-8, IL-17 and TNF-αin the BALF in model group were significantly increased compared with control group (P<0.05).The expression of MUC5ac and TLR4 at mRNA and protein levels in model group was significantly higher than that in control group (P<0.05).Compared with model group, the degree of the descent in pulmonary function in treatment group was significantly lessened.Compared with model group, the levels of IL-8, IL-17 and TNF-αin treatment group were significantly inhibited (P<0.05).Furthermore, the expression of MUC5ac and TLR4 at mRNA and protein levels in treatment group was significantly lower than that in model group ( P<0.05 ) . CONCLUSION:Azithromycin decreases the levels of IL-8, IL-17 and TNF-αin the BALF of COPD model rats, inhibits the protein expression of MUC5ac and TLR4 in the lung tissues, thus playing a preventive and therapeutic role to reduce airway inflammation and airway mucus hypersecretion.

Objective To analyze the expressions of osteopontin (OPN)and chemokine (CXC-subfamily)receptor 4 (CXCR4)in different ovarian tissues,and to explore the role of OPN and CXCR4 in occurrence,development and metastasis of human ovarian cancer.Methods The expressions of OPN and CXCR4 in normal ovarian tissue (n=20),benign ovarian epithelial tumor (n=20)and epithelial ovarian cancers tissues (n=40)were detected by immunohistochemical SP method,and the expression rates of OPN and CXCR4 in epithelial ovarian cancer tissue with different clinical characteristics were analyzed.Results The positive expressions rate of OPN in epithelial ovarian cancer tissue was significantly higher than those in normal ovarian tissue and benign ovarian tumor tissue, and there were significant differences in the positive expression rates of OPN between different pathological stages (G1 ,G2 ,G3 )of epithelial ovarian cancer (P <0.05).Meanwhile,the positive expression rate of OPN in Ⅲ-Ⅳepithelial ovarian cancer tissue was significantly higher than that in Ⅰ-Ⅱ epithelial ovarian cancer tissue (P <0.05). However,there were no significant differences of the positive expression rates of OPN among different histological types of epithelial ovarian cancer tissue (P >0.05).There was no positive expression of CXCR4 protein in normal ovarian tissue and benign ovarian tumor tissues , but there was positive expression in epithelial ovarian cancer tissue.Besides,the expressions of CXCR4 protein were not significantly different among different pathological grades,different clinical stages and different histological types (P > 0.05).Conclusion The OPN and CXCR4 expression levels are correlated with the degrees of malignancy in epithelial ovarian tumor,therefore the CXCR4 and OPN expression pathways may be the new targets for ovarian cancer therapy.

Objective To investigate the impact of previous cystectomy for ovary benign cyst on ovarian reserve and pregnancy outcome in in vitro fertilization/intracytoplasmic sperm injection-embryo transfer (IVF/ICSI-ET) cycles. Methods Totally 622 infertility patients were retrospectively investigated who underwent first IVF/ICSI-ET cycle in Reproductive Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University from January 2013 to June 2014. There were 153 cases who had been removed ovarian cyst by cystectomy surgeries recruited as study group, in which 44 cases of ovarian endometriosis cyst, 35 cases of benign ovarian teratomas, 67 cases of simple ovarian cyst and 7 cases of ovarian mucinous cystadenoma. In contrast, 469 infertility patients with tubal-factor infertility or male factor were included as control group. The age-matched women in the control group had no ovarian surgery previously. The indicators of ovarian reserve and pregnancy outcome were analyzed between two groups. The influence of different types of ovarian cysts on ovarian reserve and pregnancy outcome in IVF/ICSI-ET cycles were also studied, ovarian endometriosis cyst was studied as Group A, and Group B consisted of benign ovarian teratomas, simple ovarian cyst and mucinous cystadenoma. Results (1) The significantly lower serum antimullerian hormone (AMH) level (median: 1.92 versus 2.90 mg/L), antral follicle count (AFC; median: 12.0 versus 13.0), retrieved oocytes (12 ± 5 versus 13 ± 6) and the number of embryo cryopreserved (median:1.0 versus 3.0) were found in study group compared with control group (all P<0.05). There was no statistical difference between two group for the following parameters, such as basal FSH level, the total dosage of gonadotropin duration and the total dosage of gonadotropin (all P>0.05). A better clinical pregnancy rate was achieved in control group (61.6%, 241/391) than that in study group (61.4%, 81/132), but no significant difference was existed (P=0.96). (2) Compared to Group B, Group A had fewer AFC, lower serum AMH level, retrieved oocytes and the number of embryo cryopreserved (11±4 versus 13±5;1.65 versus 2.15 mg/L;9±4 versus 13±5;0 versus 2.0;all P<0.01). There was a lower clinical pregnancy rate in Group A than that in Group B [50.0% (19/38) versus 66.0%(62/94)], accompanying with higher abortion rate [3/19 versus 9.7%(6/62)], but no differences were observed (all P>0.05). Conclusions Ovarian reserve declines after the cystectomy for ovarian benign cysts and the cystectomy has a negative impact on IVF/ICSI-ET cycle, resulting in a decrease of the number of retrieved oocytes and the number of embryo cryopreserved, but do not influence clinical pregnancy outcome. Ovarian reserve is impaired more seriously by cystectomy for ovarian endometriosis cyst than other ovarian benign cyst.

Objective:To establish the methods of isolated culture and functional identification of mice bone marrow derived tolerogenic dendritic cells (CD11b+F4/80 +TDCs) in vitro.Methods: Mice bone marrow cells were isolated and cultured to obtain iDCs with the simulation of mouse rmGM-CSF and rmIL-4.CD11b+F4/80 +TDCs were purified by fluorescence-activated cell sorting on day 6.The morphological changes of TDCs were observed with the inverted microscope dynamically .The expression of CD11b+F4/80 +TDCs were analyzed by the flow cytometry .Tolerogenic function of CD11b+F4/80 +TDCs was evaluated by the expression of MHCⅡ, CD83, IDO, TLR-2, IL-10 and TGF-β1.The expression of MHCⅡ was analyzed by the flow cytometry , and the expression of CD83, IDO and TLR-2 were analyzed by immune-histochemistry.The levels of IL-10 and TGF-β1 in the supernatant of CD11b+F4/80 +TDC were analyzed by ELISA .Meanwhile mature DCs ( mDCs) induced by LPS were used as control .Results:The fresh isolated bone marrow cells look like round and small under microscope .After two days of culture , cells became big and formed into clusters . Five or six days later, cells clusters increased, and the morphology of cells became irregular .At the same time, more dendrite ap-peared on the surface of cells .The percentage of CD11b+F4/80 +TDCs induced by rmGM-CSF and rmIL-4 was about 23%, and the purity of the purified BM CD11b+F4/80 +iDC was about 99%.Compared with mDCs, CD11b+F4/80 +TDCs expressed low levels of MHCⅡand CD83 and high levels of IDO, TLR-2, IL-10 and TGF-β1.Conclusion:CD11b+F4/80 +TDCs derived from mouse bone marrow could be induced successfully by rmGM-CSF and rmIL-4 in vitro.CD11b+F4/80 +TDCs showed tolerogenic function by the expressions of IL-10, TGF-β1, IDO and TLR-2.

Objective To study the clinicopathological and immunohistochemical features, histogenesis and biological behavior of solid pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas ( SPT ). Methods Routine HE and immunohistochemical ( SP) methods were used in 20 cases of SPT. Results There were 18 females and 2 males, age ranging from 13 to 48 years with mean age of 25. 3 years. Abdominal pain and palpable mass were among the main complains. Seventeen cases were followed-up from 9 to 120 monthes. Fourteen cases were alive. Tumors were encapsulated, mixed with solid and cystic tissues. Histological features were psudopapillary structure with a fibrovascular core. Immunohistogically, the tumors were positive for a-1-AT ( 17 cases) , vimentin ( 14 cases) , synaptophysin ( 10 cases) , CgA (5 cases) ,CK and insulin (2 cases) ,glucagon and S-100 (1 case) ,PR (14 cases) , ER (1 case) ,pS2 (6 cases) , but all were negative for CEA and gastrin. Conclusion SPT is of low-graded malignancy and a distinct clinicopathologic entity in young female patients with both exocrine as well as endocrine differentiation. The tumor is closely related with sex hormone receptors.

Objective To investigate the anesthetic efficacy of topical dyclonine hydrochloride mucilage for preputial encircling in children. Methods Sixty children under preputial encircling, 13 patients with redundant prepuce, 47 patients with phimosis, aged 4-12 years, weighing 14-38 kg, falling into ASA physical status Ⅰ or Ⅱ, were randomly divided into two groups with 30 cases each: dyclonine group (group D) and control group (group C). Children with redundant prepuce in group D were smeared evenly 1％ dyclonine hydrochloride mucilage on the anterior 2/3 foreskins, glans and coronary sulcus by anesthesiologists who were assisted by the their parents 30 min before entering the operating room. Children with phimosis in group D were smeared evenly 1％ dyclonine hydrochloride mucilage on the anterior 2/3 foreskins, and then the tube was inserted near the coronary sulcus with the 18# straight indwelling needle. The syringe was injected into the 1％ dyclonine hydrochloride mucilage, and the glans and the coronary sulcus were squeezed repeatedly several times by anesthesiologists who were assisted by the their parents 30 min before entering the operating room. The dosage of dyclonine hydrochloride mucilage for each child was 0.2-0.3 ml/kg. Children in group C were smeared evenly isodose normal saline at the same time. All the children were treated with ketamine and propofol anesthesia after entering. The occurrence of intraoperative body reaction were observed and recorded, HR and MAP were recorded before anaesthesia induction (T0), at the beginning of surgery (T1), at the time of the coronary sulcus was exposed (T2), at the time of ligating (T3), at the time of the excess foreskin was cut (T4), the dosage of ketamine and propofol were recorded, and the occurrence of postoperative recovery time and emergence agitation during recovery period were observed. Results Body dynamic reaction rate in group D was significantly lower than that in group C (P ＜ 0.05), HR and MAP was significantly lower than that in group C at T3-T4 (P ＜ 0.05), the dosage of ketamine and propofol was significantly smaller than that in group C (P ＜ 0.05), the recovery time was significantly shorter than that in group C (P ＜ 0.05), the incidence of emergence agitation was significantly decreased compared with group C (P ＜ 0.05). Conclusion Topical dyclonine hydrochloride mucilage can effectively decrease body movement, lessen cyclic fluctuation, economize general anesthetics, shorten recovery time, reduce emergence agitation in children undergoing preputial encircling.

OBJECTIVE:To improve teaching quality of the course of Medicinal Chemistry.METHODS:On the basis of understanding the nature,characteristics and main existing teaching problems of the course of Medicinal Chemistry,concept map method was used to reveal the regularities of the course contents in order to organize classroom teaching.RESULTS:The regularities of the intricate abstract course contents of Medicinal Chemistry,including regularities of some specific drugs and interrelationships among drugs,were intuitively reflected by concept map method.In daily teaching activities,under teacher's guidance,students autonomously discovered course knowledge by drawing concept map.Different students had different learning results,but on the whole,autonomous learning ability and learning efficiency of the students were improved.CONCLUSIONS:The concept map method is effective method for improving the teaching quality of Medicinal Chemistry.