Post-stroke depression (PSD) is a common complication of stroke. Its patogenesis is complex, mainly including the mechanisms of neurobiotogy and social psychology. So far, there has been no uniform conclusion both at home and abroad. Now it is considered that PSD is the results of comprehensive effect of various neurobiology and social psychology, and its onset is in accordance with the bio-psycho-social medical model.

Objective:To optimize the formula and preparation process of prepare sorafenib dry suspension and detect the content by HPLC. Methods:The influence of single factor including different fillers, suspending agents, adhesives and disintegrants on the sedimentation rate, redispersibility and drying shrinkage of sorafenib dry suspension was observed. Orthogonal design was used to opti-mize the formula and preparation process of the suspension, and HPLC was used to determine the content of sorafenib. The chromato-graphic column was Inertsil ODS-3 (250 mm × 4. 6 mm, 5μm), the mobile phase was 20 mmol·L-1 ammonium acetate buffer-aceto-nitrile(28 ∶72), the detection wavelength was 266 nm, the flow rate was 1. 0 ml·min-1, the column temperature was 40℃, and the sample size was 20 μl. Results:The optimal formula and preparation process were as follows:sucrose (48%) was used as the filler, xanthan gum (28%) and CMC-Na (12%) were the suspending agents, MCC (10%) was used as the disintegrant, and 6% PVP (in 50% ethanol) was the adhesive. The linear range of sorafenib was 1-100 μg·ml-1(r=0.999 8), and the recovery was 98.96%(RSD=0. 75%, n=9). Conclusion:The optimal formula and preparation process are repeatable. The HPLC method is simple and specific, which can be used to determine sorafenib.

Objective:To investigate the in vitro release behavior and stability of diphenyl diester suspension. Methods:The dis-solution of biphenyl diester dry suspension was detected by HPLC, and the effects of different stirring speed (50, 75, 100 r·min-1 ) and different dissolution media (pH 6. 8 phosphate buffer, 0. 05 mol·L-1 hydrochloric acid solution,water,pH 4. 5 acetate buffer) on dissolution were investigated. The influencing factors testing ( high temperature, high humidity and strong light exposure) , accelerated stability testing[the temperature of (37 ± 5) ℃ and the relative humidity of 76％ ± 5％] and long-term stability testing[(25 ± 3) ℃and the relative humidity of 60％ ± 5 ％] of biphenyl diester dry suspension were carried out. Results:The dissolution behavior of bi-phenyl diester suspension in pH 6. 8 phosphate buffer (50 r·min-1 ) was faster and smoother. The results of influencing factors testing showed that biphenyl diester dry suspension should not be stored under the conditions of high temperature and high humidity. After the samples were stored under the conditions of accelerated testing and long-term stability testing for 6 months, the indicators did not change significantly. Conclusion:The in vitro release of prepared biphenyl diester dry suspension meets the requirements with promis-ing stability.

Nuclear factor kappa B(NF-?B) is a pleiotropic nuclear transcriptive factor widely expressed in the nervous system.Recently,studies have demonstrated that NF-?B is also expressed in neural stem cells and may play an important role in their proliferation,migration and differentiation.This article reviews the recent advances in this new research field.

Objective:To forecast the indicators on maternal and child health of China in 2020.Methods: Based on Surveillance data of the indicators on the maternal and child health in China since the 1990s,forecasting models were found using auto-regressive method,and the indicators on maternal and child health in China in 2020 were forecasted using the models after they had been tested and valued.Results: Auto-regressive models on infant mortality rate(IMR),under-5 mortality rate(U5MR) and maternal mortality(MMR) were found.The models and their parameters passed statistical tests,and their mean absolute error was 5% or so and determination coefficients were all more than 90%.Conclusion: The IMR of China in 2020 was forecasted to be 6.35‰,the U5MR 7.37‰ and the MMR 22.21/100 000.

Objective To investigate the change in the expression of excitatory amino acid transporter 3 (EAAT3) in the spinal cord neurons in a rat model of chronic morphine tolerance. Methods Forty-five male SD rats were randomly divided into 5 groups ( n = 9 each) : group I sham operation (group S); group II normal saline (group NS); group Ⅰ morphine (group M); group Ⅳ ketamine (group K) and groupV M + K. In group II - V a catheter was placed in the subarachnoid space at L_(3-5) interspace. The animals were observed for 3 days. The animals with motor or sensory paralysis of the hindlimbs were excluded. NS 40 μl,morphine 20 μg, ketamine 30μg,morphine 20μg + ketamine 30μg were injected via intrathecal catheter twice a day for 7 consecutive days. 50% paw withdrawal threshold and latency (PWT, PWL) of the hindpaw to radiant heat were measured before (T_0, baseline) , on day 1, 3, 5, 7 of (T_(1-4)) and 1 day after (T_5 ) IT drug administration. The rats were sacrificed after last pain threshold measurement. The expression of EAAT3 protein in the spinal cord was determined by Western blotting and immuno-histochemistry. Results The sensitivity of the hindpaw to noxious heat stimulation was significantly decreased during (T_(1,2)) and increased after IT administration (T_(4,5)) in group M and was significantly decreased during and after FT administration (T_(1-5)) in group M + K as compared with the baseline values at T_0 and group S and was significant lower in group M + K than in group M. The expression of EAAT3 protein in the spinal cord was significantly decreased in group M and M + K as compared with group S and was significantly lower in group M than in group M + K. Conclusion The down-regulation of the expression of EAAT3 in the spinal dorsal horn neurons is involved in the development of chronic morphine tolerance and the expression of EAAT3 is down-regulated by morphine partly through the activation of NMDA receptor.

Objective To study the type, characteristics, common complications of the cranio-cerebral injury and assessment for the body impairment in victims involved in road traffic accidents. Method Data from 862 cases with cranio-cerebral injury in road traffic accidents were collected and were statistically analyzed according to injured body part, complication, the type of complications and the severity of injury. Results Compound cranio-cerebral injuries were sustained in 276 cases, brain contusion in 192 cases, skull fracture in 79 cases, intracranial hemorrhage in 91 cases, and scalp injury in 224 cases. The chief complications were identified as hydrocephalus (19,2.20%), epilepsy (l6,1.86%), hemiplegia (14, 1.62%), decerebrate cortical syndrome (12,1.39%). Conclusion Among the cranio-cerebral injuries sustained in the road traffic accidents, compound injury was the commonest insult, in which serious cerebral contusion was the major type of injury. The complications following cranio-cerebral injury should be diagnosed strictly according to the diagnostic standard and identification time, which should be differentiated from the other related diseases.

OBJECTIVE: To provide reference for the rapid enhancement of clinical pharmacists's level in medication.METHODS: An "eight-part essay"style analysis was conducted with the medication orders of typical cases as example to analyze the several important items including patients' condition,drugs,and adverse drug reactions etc.RESULTS: The "eight-part essay"style case analysis sped up pharmacists' acquisition on medication analysis and help them find the start point for clinical medication.CONCLUSION: Medication analysis is very helpful in facilitating pharmacists' work and improving medical corps' drug treatment level.

OBJECTIVE:To provide reference for playing pharmaceutical support role of clinical pharmacist to offer medical assistance in the emergence such as earthquake.METHODS:Basing on the experience in Wenchuan Earthquake,the character and forms of earthquake medical assistance were introduced,then the role of clinical pharmacist in earthquake medical assistance were analyzed.RESULTS:Clinical pharmacists distributed effectively to the drug supply so as to save medical resources and ensure rational administration during the medical rescue in earthquake.CONCLUSIONS:For achieving better function of the treatment team,national medical rescue team should involve clinical pharmacist.

OBJECTIVE: To establish and improve the quality management system of drug dismounting and subpackage in hospital.METHODS: The status quo and problem of drug dismounting and subpackage were analyzed,and improvement approaches were put forward.RESULTS: The quality management system of drug dismounting and subpackage was established and improved by enhancing personnel quality,dismounting environment,material management as well as process control.CONCLUSION: The quality management system of drug dismounting and subpackage can effectively guarantee the quality of dismounted drug and is worthy of spreading.