Objective To investigate the effect of penehyclidine hydrochloride on the cell apoptosis in lung tissues in a rat model of traumatic acute lung injury (ALI) .Methods Fifty-four SD rats weighing 225-275 kg were randomly divided into 3 groups ( n = 18 each) : control group (group C) , ALI group, penehyclidine hydrochloride group ( group P) . Traumatic ALI was induced by dropping a self-made impact device on the chest of anesthetized rats according to the technique described by Raghavendran et al. Intraperitoneal penehyclidine hydrochloride 2 mg/kg was injected immediately after blunt chest trauma and at 12 h after blunt chest trauma in group P. Six rats in each group were sacrificed at 3, 12 and 24 h after blunt chest trauma and the lung tissues collected for microscopic examination and determination of cell apoptosis (by TUNEL) and expression of Bax and Bcl-2 (by immuno-histochemical staining) . The apoptosis index was calculated. Results The apoptosis index and expression of Bax and Bcl-2 were significantly higher, while the ratio of Bcl-2/Bax was significantly lower at each time point in groups ALI and P than in group C ( P ＜ 0.05) . The apoptosis index and Bax expression were significantly lower,while the Bcl-2 expression and ratio of Bcl-2/ Bax higher at each time point in group P than in group ALI.The microscopic examination showed that penehyclidine hydrochloride injection significantly attenuated the pathologic changes. Conclusion Penehyclidine hydrochloride can reduce the traumatic ALI through inhibiting the cell apoptosis in rat lung tissues.

OBJECTIVE: To study the relationship among nurses' mental capital,social support and job burnout. METHODS: One hundred and sixty-one clinical nurses were selected as the study objects from 2 Grade 3A hospitals and 2 Grade 2A hospitals of Luohe City using stratified random sampling method. The questionnaires of Psychological Capital,Social Support Revalued Scale and Maslach Burnout Inventory were answered and analyzed. RESULTS: The scores of self-efficacy dimension in the nurses who were older than 41 years old and working age more than 21 years were higher than other age groups and other working age groups respectively( P < 0. 05). The scores of subjective support and objective support of married group were higher than the unmarried group( P < 0. 01). Subjective support of the undergraduate nurse group had higher scores than junior college group( P < 0. 05). The self-efficacy,hope,toughness and optimism dimensions of psychological capital of nurses were negatively correlated with the emotional exhaustion,depersonalization and diminished personal accomplishment dimensions of job burnout respectively( P < 0. 01). The psychological capital could and predict the degree of social support( P < 0. 05). Social support had a buffering effect to the occurrence of job burnout. Selfefficacy,hope,objective support and subjective support could predict emotional exhaustion( P < 0. 05). Hope and optimism could predict depersonalization( P < 0. 01). Utilization of social support and subjective support could predict diminished personal accomplishment( P < 0. 05). CONCLUSION: Nurses psychological capital,social support and job burnout varied with age,length of service,marital status and educational level. Psychological capital and social support had the combined effect of job burnout.