OBJECTIVE:To provide reference for playing pharmaceutical support role of clinical pharmacist to offer medical assistance in the emergence such as earthquake.METHODS:Basing on the experience in Wenchuan Earthquake,the character and forms of earthquake medical assistance were introduced,then the role of clinical pharmacist in earthquake medical assistance were analyzed.RESULTS:Clinical pharmacists distributed effectively to the drug supply so as to save medical resources and ensure rational administration during the medical rescue in earthquake.CONCLUSIONS:For achieving better function of the treatment team,national medical rescue team should involve clinical pharmacist.

[objective] To investigate the effects of curcumin on the behavior of chronic constrictive injury(CCI)rats and the c-fos expression in spinal cord dorsal horn.[Methods]108 male SD rats were randomly divided into 4 groups:Control group(treated with CCI);Sham operation group;Solvent contrast group;Curcumin treated group.Thermal withdrawal latency(TWL)and mechanical withdrawal threshold(MWT)of rats were determined by Hargreave's thermal radiation apparatus and von Frey's method of microfilament,respectively.The time course of expression of c-fos were assessed by immunohistochemical analysis.[Results]Curcumin could significantly attenuate the activation of c-fos induced by CCI and simultaneously ameliorate thermal and mechanical hyperalgesia induced by CCI.[Conclusion]This study shows that curcumin could attenuate the activation of c-fos to ameliorate the CCI-induced neuropathic pain.

OBJECTIVE: To provide reference for the rapid enhancement of clinical pharmacists's level in medication.METHODS: An "eight-part essay"style analysis was conducted with the medication orders of typical cases as example to analyze the several important items including patients' condition,drugs,and adverse drug reactions etc.RESULTS: The "eight-part essay"style case analysis sped up pharmacists' acquisition on medication analysis and help them find the start point for clinical medication.CONCLUSION: Medication analysis is very helpful in facilitating pharmacists' work and improving medical corps' drug treatment level.

Objective To investigate the clinical forensic assessment on cases of suspected medical malpractice and the other related aspects concerning the assessment in clinical forensic expertise. Methods Clinical data from 25 cases expertized for suspicion of medical malpractice were retrospectively analyzed. Results 16 cases were due to the medical muff (10 cases of 16 medical muff had a bad consequence and happened in the department of operation, 6 cases had not ones); 9 cases were non-medical muff. Conclusion Though the medical muff recognized is basic, but the relationship between the medical muff and the following bad results of medical muff is the best key for the forensic expertise. Otherwise, the scientific and practical value must be considered in the forensic expertise.

Objective To investigate the change in the expression of excitatory amino acid transporter 3 (EAAT3) in the spinal cord neurons in a rat model of chronic morphine tolerance. Methods Forty-five male SD rats were randomly divided into 5 groups ( n = 9 each) : group I sham operation (group S); group II normal saline (group NS); group Ⅰ morphine (group M); group Ⅳ ketamine (group K) and groupV M + K. In group II - V a catheter was placed in the subarachnoid space at L_(3-5) interspace. The animals were observed for 3 days. The animals with motor or sensory paralysis of the hindlimbs were excluded. NS 40 μl,morphine 20 μg, ketamine 30μg,morphine 20μg + ketamine 30μg were injected via intrathecal catheter twice a day for 7 consecutive days. 50% paw withdrawal threshold and latency (PWT, PWL) of the hindpaw to radiant heat were measured before (T_0, baseline) , on day 1, 3, 5, 7 of (T_(1-4)) and 1 day after (T_5 ) IT drug administration. The rats were sacrificed after last pain threshold measurement. The expression of EAAT3 protein in the spinal cord was determined by Western blotting and immuno-histochemistry. Results The sensitivity of the hindpaw to noxious heat stimulation was significantly decreased during (T_(1,2)) and increased after IT administration (T_(4,5)) in group M and was significantly decreased during and after FT administration (T_(1-5)) in group M + K as compared with the baseline values at T_0 and group S and was significant lower in group M + K than in group M. The expression of EAAT3 protein in the spinal cord was significantly decreased in group M and M + K as compared with group S and was significantly lower in group M than in group M + K. Conclusion The down-regulation of the expression of EAAT3 in the spinal dorsal horn neurons is involved in the development of chronic morphine tolerance and the expression of EAAT3 is down-regulated by morphine partly through the activation of NMDA receptor.

BACKGROUND:Breviscapine has been shown to impact the reproductive capacity in rats with type 2 diabetes mel itus, but few reports concerned its mechanism of action.
OBJECTIVE:To study the effects of breviscapine on proliferating cel nuclear antigen and proto-oncogene c-fos expression in testis of type 2 diabetes mel itus rats.
METHODS:Total y 36 healthy male rats were randomly divided into control group, model group and breviscapine group with 12 rats in each group. In the model group and breviscapine group, rat models of type 2 diabetes mel itus were established by continuous intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin. Blood glucose reaching 16.7 mmol/L in rats was considered as the standard of model induction. In the control group, rats were given an equal volume of citrate buffer solution by single intraperitoneal injection. In the breviscapine group, rats were administered breviscapine 10 mg/(kg?d) for 4 consecutive weeks by intraperitoneal injection. Rats in the other two groups were injected with an equal volume of physiological saline at the same time point.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:After 4 weeks of intervention, serum testosterone testing, immunohistochemistry and PCR results showed that serum testosterone levels, proliferating cel nuclear antigen, c-Fos protein and mRNA expression:control group>breviscapine group>model group (P<0.05);blood glucose concentration:the control group

Objective To discuss the significance of the diagnosis of hypothyroidism or subclinical hypothyroidism and evaluate the correlation of adverse pregnancy outcomes and the intervention effects of levothyroxine in early pregnancy .Methods 500 pregnant women who from April 2015 to April 2016 came to our hospital obstetrics do prenatal outpatient service were served as the objects in our study, at the same time, all the pregnant women received the five items of thyroid function screening.The statistically analyzed the results and followed up the pregnant women who with hypothyroidism and subclinical hypothyroidism to learn the treatment and adverse pregnancy outcomes, so as to evaluate the correlation and the intervention effects. Results In 500 cases of pregnant women,there were 6 cases of hyperthyroidism (1.2%),55 cases of hypothyroidism or subclinical hypothyroidism (11%),includeing four cases of hypothyroidism and 51 cases of subclinical hypothyroidism.The values of TSH,T3, T4,FT3 and FT4 in the group of hypothyroidism pregnant women were significant different to the normal control group (P<0.05), the values of TSH, T3, T4 and FT4 in the group of subclinical hypothyroidism pregnant women were significant different to the normal control group (P<0.05).Then the 25 cases of pregnant women with hypothyroidism or subclinical hypothyroidism received the treatment with levothyroxine, and the incidence rate of adverse pregnancy outcomes in treatment group was significantly lower than the untreated group ( P<0.05 ) .Conclusion The diagnosis of hypothyroidism or subclinical in early pregnancy and then treated with levothyroxine has important significant in decreasing the adverse pregnancy outcomes .

Objective To explore the effect of Dingchuantang on the expression of NGF in the lung and thymus of asthmatic rats. Methods Thirty two Wistar rats were randomly divided into control group, asthmatic group, Dingchuantang group and Beclomethasone group, 8 rats for each group. Asthmatic model was made except the control group. The change of NGF expression in the lung and thymus were observed by means of immunohistochemistry. Results The expression of NGF in the lung and thymus of asthmatic group was much higher than that of control group and that of Dingchuantang group was much lower than that of asthmatic group. Conclusion Over-expression of NGF might be involved in the pathogenesis of bronchial asthma, and inhibition of NGF expression by Dingchuantang may be one of the mechanisms in the treatment of asthma.

OBJECTIVE:To provide reference for rational administration of cough and cold medicines (CCMs) for children. METHODS: Through reviewing pertinent literature both at home and abroad, the data about the efficacy, safety and use of over the counter drug CCMs for children and the progress of the relative policy were analyzed. RESULTS & CONCLUSIONS: It has been shown that the CCMs have potential risks for children’s healthy although no proven evidence has been shown that these drugs are responsible for a series of the serious adverse events and death cases reported in literature. It is urgent to tighten control on the production, circulation and use of these drugs in view of the various drug varieties, frequent use, dosage error and repeated use caused by parents’ poor sense on drug safety.

BACKGROUND: Beta thalassaemia is a monogenic disease, which lacks effective clinical treatments. Hematopoieticstem cell transplantation currently is the only radical treatment for beta thalassaemia, but the limits of suitable donor and costs minimize its clinical application. Given the technology of reprogramming using somatic cells is well established,gene therapy using induced pluripotent stem cells has become the new direction of beta thalassaemia treatment.OBJECTIVE: To put forward the advantages of CRISPR/Cas9 technology in gene therapy of beta thalassaemia in thefuture by summarizing the mechanisms of three kinds of gene editing technologies and the preliminary experimentalresults in animal models.METHODS: In order to search relevant articles about beta thalassaemia, the first author retrieved PubMed database andCNKI (from 1989 to 2015) using the key words of beta thalassemia, genetic therapy, genome editing, homologousrecombination, iPSCs in English and Chinese, respectively. After eliminating literatures which were irrelevant toresearch purpose or containing a similar content, 67 articles were chosen for further analysis.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Gene editing technology has made considerable progress and three kinds of directedgene editing technologies have been developed, including ZFNs, TALENs, CRISPR/Cas technology. By targeting inducedpluripotent stem cells from thalassemi patients, these three kinds of gene editing technologies have been expected tocorrect pathogenic genes of thalassemia. The CRISPR/Cas system is more simple, rapid, safe and efficient than the others.The CRISPR/Cas9 system is expected to repair β-globin genes in the induced pluripotent stem cells, germ cells, fertilizedeggs and embryos from beta thalassaemia patients, laying the foundation for future clinical application.