ObjectiveTo investigate the diagnostic value of ultrasound on patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma(PTC) coexisted with Hashimoto thyroiditis(HT).Methods The preoperative ultrasonography data of 2144 cases with PTC from January 2006 to December 2011 who treated with operation and diagnosed by pathology were analyzed retrospectively.Among them,265 cases coexisted with HT (PTC coexisted with HT group),1879 cases were not coexisted with HT (non-PTC coexisted with HT group).ResultsMost of the cancerous nodes in two groups exhibited in the ultrasonographic performance just like irregular shape,unclear boundary and so on (P ＞ 0.05).Most of the cancerous nodes in non-PTC coexisted with HT group exhibited hypoechoic nodules with microcalcifications,those in PTC coexisted with HT group exhibited various internal echoes with mainly microcalcifications,and the coarse calcification occupied a certain proportion(P＜ 0.01 ).The cancerous nodes in PTC coexisted with HT group were not rich in blood flow compared with non-PTC coexisted with HT group,but mostly exhibited blood disorders.When compared with non-PTC coexisted with HT group,the rate of ultrasound diagnosis in PTC coexisted with HT group was lower [ 52.8 ％( 140/265 ) vs.75.0 ％ (1409/1879),P ＜ 0.01 ],and the false positive rate in lymph node was higher [84.0％(487/580) vs.74.8％ (77/103)] (P ＜0.05).ConclusionsThe nodules are malignant when they appear as hypoechoic solid nodules,have unclear boundary and have microcalcifications should be highly suspected.The hyperechoic solid nodules or coarse calcification nodules should also be awared and taken further observation of the characteristics around the echoes and the internal blood flow,making comprehensive analysis to determine whether it could be malignant transformation and try best to reduce the misdiagnosis and missed diagnosis rates of this disease.

Objective To study the effect of abnormal left ventricular diastolic function(LVDF)on the onset and severity of atrial or ventricular arrhythmia in elderly essential hypertensive patients.Methods The 210 elderly essential hypertensive patients were enrolled in this study. Their arrhythmias were monitored by 24-hour ambulatory electrocardiogram. The essential hypertensive patients were referred for Doppler echocardiography to evaluate left ventricular function, while patients with abnormal systolic function were excluded, and then the patients were classified as normal LVDF and abnormal LVDF including, impaired relaxation, pseudonormal, and restrictivelike filling patterns. Results In 210 elderly essential hypertensive patients, 147 (70%) cases were diagnosed as atrial arrhythmia and 102 (49%) cases as ventricular arrhythmia (χ2 = 19. 975, P ＜ 0.05 ).Morbidities of atrial (89%) or complex atrial arrhythmia (49%) as well as ventricular (63%) orcomplex ventricular arrhythmia (30%) were significantly higher in abnormal LVDN group than in normal LVDN group (40%, 13%, 26% and 7%, χ2 = 56. 723 、 28. 359 、 28. 076、15. 9102 , all P＜0. 05). The morbidities of arrhythmias were higher in hypertensive patients with pseudonormal and restrictiveike filling patterns than in other groups 93.6% and 96. 4%. Conclusions Abnormal left ventricular diastolic function affects on the onset and severity of atrial or ventricular arrhythmia in elderly essential hypertensive patients, and complex atrial or ventricular arrhythmia is easier found in hypertensive patients with pseudonormal and restrictivelike filling patterns.

Objective To analyze CD127 expression on the memory CD8+ lymphocytes from hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) positive chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients treated with peginterferon α-2a (Pegasys). Methods Thirty HBeAg positive CHB patients were treated with peginterferon α-2a 180 μg once a week for 48 weeks and followed up for 24 weeks. The memory CD8+ lymphocytes were characterized by expressing CD45RA and CD27 markers. CD127 expression on cell surface was measured by four-colour flow cytometry. The difference of mean values between groups was evaluated by Mann-Whitney test. Results The CD127 expression on CD8+ T lymphocytes was significantly lower in HBeAg positive CHB patients compared to healthy controls (Z=2.889, P＜0.05), which was negatively correlated with serum hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA level and HBeAg titers. The CD127 expression increased along with the decrease of HBV DNA and HBeAg after 24-week, 48-week and 72-week treatment in patients showing good response to peginterferon α-2a, while CD127 expression didn't change markedly in non responders (Z24w = 1.954, Z48w = 2.789, Z72w = 2. 989; all P＜0. 05). Conclusion CD127 expression on memory CD8+ lymphocytes increases along with effective anti-HBV treatment in CHB patients, which can be used as a marker for evaluating the effectiveness of anti-viral treatment.

Objective:To explore the relationship between the hypertensive snowbirds′ length of migratory stay and their blood pressure control and blood pressure levels.Methods:This study was a cross-sectional study. A population of snowbirds with hypertension was recruited between October and November 2022, and a structured questionnaire was used to collect their self-measured blood pressure and length of stay in Hainan Province. The blood pressure control status is determined based on self-measured blood pressure. According to the self-measured blood pressure to determine whether the blood pressure was well controlled. The associations between snowbirds′ length of stay and their blood pressure control as well as their self-measured blood pressure were analyzed using restricted cubic splines.Results:A total of 362 research subjects were included, 169(46.7%) of whom were male, and their age was (69.7±7.0) years old. The participants′ self-measured systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure were (129.1±16.2) mmHg (1 mmHg=0.133 kPa) and (78.9±10.1) mmHg, respectively. Overall, 174 (48.1%) participants attained adequate blood pressure control. The median length of stay in Wuzhishan City was 7(6, 7) months. There was an inverted U-shaped association between snowbirds′ length of stay and blood pressure control (overall: P=0.023; nonlinearity: P=0.014), where participants with a length of stay of 7 months had the highest rate of blood pressure control. There is a U-shaped curve relationship between length of stay and systolic blood pressure (overall: P=0.001; nonlinearity: P=0.033), and a linear negative correlation with diastolic blood pressure ( β=-1.19, P=0.003). Conclusions:Compared with hypertensive snowbirds with too long or too short lengths of stay, snowbirds who stayed in Wuzhishan City for seven months have better blood pressure control, and systolic blood pressure is also lower.

ObjectiveTo explore the influence of portal vein thrombosis (PVT) on the clinical efifcacy of endoscopic esophageal variceal ligation (EVL) in cirrhotic patients with esophagogastric variceal hemorrhage (EVH).MethodsClinical data of 314 cirrhotic patients with EVH who underwent endoscopic EVL and were followed up for more than 6 months in the Third Afifliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University between January 2005 and December 2014 were retrospectively analyzed. The informed consents of all patients were obtained and the local ethical committee approval was received. The patients were divided into the PVT group and the control group according to whether they had PVT during treatment. Among the 72 patients in the PVT group, 61 were males and 11 were females with the mean age of (50±11) years old.Among the 242 patients in the control group, 206 were males and 36 were females with the mean age of (47±11) years old. The clinical efifcacy of two groups was compared, and the correlation between PVT and the elimination rate of esophageal varices (EV) as well as the recurrent bleeding rate of EV was analyzed. The number of EVL treatment period in two groups was compared usingt test and the rate was compared using Chi-square test. Univariate logistic regression analysis was conducted for the correlation between PVT and the elimination rate, recurrent bleeding rate of EV.ResultsThirty-six patients in the PVT group and 115 patients in the control group developed acute EVH. After EVL, the emergency hemostatic rate of both groups was 100%. The elimination rate of EV in the PVT group was 76%(55/72), signiifcantly lower than 90%(218/242) in the control group (χ2=9.166,P<0.05). The number of EVL treatment period in the PVT group was 3.4±1.6, significantly more than 2.8±1.1 in the control group (t=3.065,P<0.05). The recurrent bleeding rate of EV in the PVT group was 36%(26/72), signiifcantly higher than 21%(51/242) in the control group (χ2=6.779,P<0.05). PVT was a risk factor for both the elimination rate of EV (OR=0.356, 95%CI: 0.179-0.709,P<0.05) and the recurrent bleeding rate of EV (OR=2.383, 95%CI: 1.354-4.196,P<0.05). ConclusionPVT is a risk factor for both the elimination rate of EV and the recurrent bleeding rate of EV in cirrhotic patients with EVH treated by endoscopic EVL.

Objective To investigate the effect of tea on oral cancer in nonsmokers and nondrinkers. Methods A case-control study were performed between September 2010 and January 2015 including 203 oral cancer cases in nonsmokers and nondrinkers with pathologically confirmed and 572 community controls. The related information included socio-demographic characteristics, detailed information on tobacco smoking and alcohol and tea consumption, personal medical history, family history of cancer, and occupational history were collected from all subjects. Unconditional logistic regression analysis was used to calculate the odds ratios (OR) and 95%confidence intervals (95%CI) to examine the effect of tea on oral cancer and to assess multiplicative interactions between tea and passive smoking. We also stratified by age, sex, residence, and passive smoking to explore possible difference in association between subgroups. Additive interactions between tea and passive smoking were assessed using relative excess risk due to interaction (RERI), attributable proportion (AP), and synergy index (SI). Results Compared with non-tea drinkers, tea consumption (OR=0.52, 95%CI:0.34-0.81), age of tea drinking initiation (years)≥18 (OR=0.54, 95%CI: 0.34-0.85), duration of tea consumption (years) <20 (OR=0.49, 95%CI: 0.27-0.90), duration of tea consumption (years)≥20(OR=0.55, 95%CI:0.32-0.95), average daily tea consumed<700 ml(OR=0.52,95%CI:0.32-0.86), moderate concentration of tea consumed (OR=0.56,95%CI:0.32-0.96), weak concentration of tea consumed(OR=0.35, 95%CI: 0.16-0.77), drinking green-tea(OR=0.48,95%CI: 0.28-0.82) and drinking moderate temperature of tea (OR=0.55,95%CI: 0.31-0.98) could reduce the risk of oral cancer; Stratified analysis indicated the protective effects of tea drinking on female (OR=0.53,95%CI:0.30-0.94), age<60 years old (OR=0.53,95%CI:0.29-0.97), live in the urban(OR=0.38,95%CI:0.20-0.69) and no passive smoking(OR=0.47,95%CI:0.25-0.86) population with nonsmoking and nondrinking was more obvious; Crossover analysis showed tea and passive smoking did not exist multiplication interaction relationship (OR=0.95,95%CI:0.41-2.20) and addition interaction relationship (RERI=-0.15,95%CI:-0.92-0.62;AP=-0.16,95%CI:-1.06-0.73;SI=-0.18, 95%CI:-1.44-0.87). Conclusion Tea consumption, age of tea drinking initiation, duration of tea consumption, average daily tea consumed, concentration of tea consumed, types of tea and temperature of tea might have impact on the incidence of oral cancer in nonsmokers and nondrinkers to a certain extent.

Objective To investigate the association between oral hygiene, chronic diseases, and oral squamous cell carcinoma. Methods We performed a case-control study with 414 cases and 870 controls in Fujian during September 2010 to January 2015. Patients were newly diagnosed oral squamous cell carcinoma cases according to the pathologic diagnoses, control subjects were enrolled from community population. Epidemiological data were collected by in-person interviews using a standard questionnaire . The contents of the questionnaire included demography character, history of tobacco smoking and alcohol drinking, dietary habits, oral hygiene status, family history of cancer, etc. Using unconditional logistic regression analysis to estimate adjusted odds ratios (OR) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CI) for oral hygiene and chronic diseases. We also stratified by sex, smoking and drinking to explore possible difference in association between subgroups. Results The multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that number of teeth(20-27 and<20), bad prosthesis, recurrent oral ulceration were the risk factors of oral squamous cell carcinoma, the adjusted OR(95%CI) values were 2.01(1.49-2.73), 3.51(2.39-5.15), 2.33(1.79-3.04), 3.96(2.11-7.44), respectively;brushing tooth once per bay,brushing tooth more than once per day, regular oral health examination at least 5 years per time were the protective factors of oral squamous cell carcinoma, the adjusted OR(95%CI) values were 0.24 (0.13-0.43),0.13 (0.07-0.24), 0.37 (0.26-0.53), respectively. The stratification analysis indicated that recurrent oral ulceration could increase the risk of oral squamous cell carcinoma for non-smokers and non-drinking, the adjusted OR(95%CI) value was 5.21(2.42-11.18) and 4.71(2.37-9.36);and a risky effect of hypertension on risk of oral squamous cell carcinoma was observed for non-smokers and non-drinking, the adjusted OR(95%CI) values were 1.70 (1.10-2.61) and 1.58 (1.07-2.34) . Conclusions Oral hygiene and chronic diseases could affect the incidence of oral squamous cell carcinoma.

Objective To investigate the clinical influence factors of oral-maxillofacial benign tumors. Methods We conducted a case-control study with 113 cases newly diagnosed primary oral-maxillofacial benign tumors and 584 cases controls from a hospital in Fujian from September 2010 to January 2015. Epidemiological data were collected by in-person interviews using a standard questionnaire. The contents of the questionnaire included demography character, history of tobacco smoking and alcohol drinking, dietary habits, oral hygiene status, family history of cancer, etc. Unconditional logistic regression was used to research the relationship between the factors and oral-maxillofacial benign tumors. Results Multivariable analysis showed that risk factors of oral-maxillofacial benign tumors included: cigarette smoking index above 1 000, passive smoking before the age of 18, age of wearing bad prosthesis between 33 to 55 years old and high blood pressure; the corresponding OR(95%CI) values were 14.63 (3.88-55.13), 2.34 (1.19-4.62), 2.35 (1.17-4.73), 3.46(1.71-7.00), respectively; Protective factors included: regularly intake of meat above 1 time/day, fruits, health care products and vitamin tablets, brushing teeth above 1 time per day and oral examination above 5 years/time, the corresponding OR(95%CI) values were 0.22 (0.07-0.70), 0.18 (0.08- 0.41), 0.32 (0.11- 0.88), 0.22 (0.07- 0.73), 0.28 (0.16-0.48), 0.28 (0.13-0.60), respectively. Conclusion Abstinence from tobacco smoking, reduce passive smoking before the age of 18, regularly intake of meat, fruits, health care products and vitamin tablets, and oral examination at regular time might have impact on the incidence of oral-maxillofacial benign tumors to a certain extent.

Objective To investigate the effect of tea on oral cancer in nonsmokers and nondrinkers. Methods A case-control study were performed between September 2010 and January 2015 including 203 oral cancer cases in nonsmokers and nondrinkers with pathologically confirmed and 572 community controls. The related information included socio-demographic characteristics, detailed information on tobacco smoking and alcohol and tea consumption, personal medical history, family history of cancer, and occupational history were collected from all subjects. Unconditional logistic regression analysis was used to calculate the odds ratios (OR) and 95%confidence intervals (95%CI) to examine the effect of tea on oral cancer and to assess multiplicative interactions between tea and passive smoking. We also stratified by age, sex, residence, and passive smoking to explore possible difference in association between subgroups. Additive interactions between tea and passive smoking were assessed using relative excess risk due to interaction (RERI), attributable proportion (AP), and synergy index (SI). Results Compared with non-tea drinkers, tea consumption (OR=0.52, 95%CI:0.34-0.81), age of tea drinking initiation (years)≥18 (OR=0.54, 95%CI: 0.34-0.85), duration of tea consumption (years) <20 (OR=0.49, 95%CI: 0.27-0.90), duration of tea consumption (years)≥20(OR=0.55, 95%CI:0.32-0.95), average daily tea consumed<700 ml(OR=0.52,95%CI:0.32-0.86), moderate concentration of tea consumed (OR=0.56,95%CI:0.32-0.96), weak concentration of tea consumed(OR=0.35, 95%CI: 0.16-0.77), drinking green-tea(OR=0.48,95%CI: 0.28-0.82) and drinking moderate temperature of tea (OR=0.55,95%CI: 0.31-0.98) could reduce the risk of oral cancer; Stratified analysis indicated the protective effects of tea drinking on female (OR=0.53,95%CI:0.30-0.94), age<60 years old (OR=0.53,95%CI:0.29-0.97), live in the urban(OR=0.38,95%CI:0.20-0.69) and no passive smoking(OR=0.47,95%CI:0.25-0.86) population with nonsmoking and nondrinking was more obvious; Crossover analysis showed tea and passive smoking did not exist multiplication interaction relationship (OR=0.95,95%CI:0.41-2.20) and addition interaction relationship (RERI=-0.15,95%CI:-0.92-0.62;AP=-0.16,95%CI:-1.06-0.73;SI=-0.18, 95%CI:-1.44-0.87). Conclusion Tea consumption, age of tea drinking initiation, duration of tea consumption, average daily tea consumed, concentration of tea consumed, types of tea and temperature of tea might have impact on the incidence of oral cancer in nonsmokers and nondrinkers to a certain extent.

Objective To investigate the association between oral hygiene, chronic diseases, and oral squamous cell carcinoma. Methods We performed a case-control study with 414 cases and 870 controls in Fujian during September 2010 to January 2015. Patients were newly diagnosed oral squamous cell carcinoma cases according to the pathologic diagnoses, control subjects were enrolled from community population. Epidemiological data were collected by in-person interviews using a standard questionnaire . The contents of the questionnaire included demography character, history of tobacco smoking and alcohol drinking, dietary habits, oral hygiene status, family history of cancer, etc. Using unconditional logistic regression analysis to estimate adjusted odds ratios (OR) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CI) for oral hygiene and chronic diseases. We also stratified by sex, smoking and drinking to explore possible difference in association between subgroups. Results The multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that number of teeth(20-27 and<20), bad prosthesis, recurrent oral ulceration were the risk factors of oral squamous cell carcinoma, the adjusted OR(95%CI) values were 2.01(1.49-2.73), 3.51(2.39-5.15), 2.33(1.79-3.04), 3.96(2.11-7.44), respectively;brushing tooth once per bay,brushing tooth more than once per day, regular oral health examination at least 5 years per time were the protective factors of oral squamous cell carcinoma, the adjusted OR(95%CI) values were 0.24 (0.13-0.43),0.13 (0.07-0.24), 0.37 (0.26-0.53), respectively. The stratification analysis indicated that recurrent oral ulceration could increase the risk of oral squamous cell carcinoma for non-smokers and non-drinking, the adjusted OR(95%CI) value was 5.21(2.42-11.18) and 4.71(2.37-9.36);and a risky effect of hypertension on risk of oral squamous cell carcinoma was observed for non-smokers and non-drinking, the adjusted OR(95%CI) values were 1.70 (1.10-2.61) and 1.58 (1.07-2.34) . Conclusions Oral hygiene and chronic diseases could affect the incidence of oral squamous cell carcinoma.