Objective To guide the botulinum toxin injections,the types of glabellar wrinkles and the corresponding muscle contraction patterns of aesthetic seeking patients were classified.Methods Sixty aesthetic seeking patients between 20 to 65 ages were selected randomly,whose glabellar wrinkles and muscle contraction patterns were classified and analyzed.Targeted injections of botulinum toxin were taken only within the muscles related to the wrinkles.Results Type‖accounts for 58.3％ (35/60),type ∪ accounts for 26.7％ (16/60),type ∩ accounts for 11.7％ (7/60),and type口accounts for 3.3％ (2/60).Muscle contraction receded 2 or 3 days after injection,reached optimum about 2 weeks,and then maintained 3 to 6 months.Higher satisfaction was obtained using classified injection methods.All objects achieved excellent results.Targeted injections of botulinum toxin on these muscles were able to achieve better clinical effects.Conclusions Using classified injection methods according to 4 types of aesthetic seeking patients’ glabellar wrinkles can achieve higher satisfaction.

Objective To study the process of hyaluronidase enzymolysis under different condi tions and to provide the basis for clinical application.Methods The experiment of 15 hyaluronic acid products from 10 brands was conducted in vitro with 15 concentrations and 4 dosages of hyaluronidase at 37 ℃ and 24 C.The results of experiment were compared with the clinical observations.Results The duration of enzymolysis was inversely correlated with hyaluronidase concentration.The duration of enzymolysis process reduced 60％ when equal hyaluronidase was used as compared with that when half hyaluronidase was used.The enzymolysis duration could be 24 folds in different products.The enzymolysis time was 2.9 folds at 24 C [24 ℃ was (77.67±35.33) min],compared with that at 37 ℃[37 ℃ was (27.13±11.05) min].It took much more time of enzymolysis in vivo than in vitro for the same product.Conclusions Enzymolysis efficiency is positively correlated with the concentration and dosage of enzyme and inversely associated with the particle size and viscosity.

Objective To study whether the hyaluronidase could infiltrate through the wall of blood vessel and further dissolve the hyaluronic acid within the arteries .Methods Rabbit abdominal aorta in 2 mm of diameter was filled with hyaluronic acid , which was then immersed in a high concentration of hyaluronidase for 90 minutes.The treated hyaluronic acid within artery was observed using optical microscope and laser diffraction particle size analyzer , to detect the change of particle size;Immunohistochemical study of blood vessels was performed to detect whether hyaluronidase penetrate the walls of the blood vessels;Hyaluronidase was injected into the vessel and immersed in saline , permeability of which was detected using ninhydrin dyeing and enzyme assay test .In addition, three patients of vision defects caused by hyaluronic acid injection were observed , two cases of which had received retrobulbar injection of hyaluronidase .Results After immersed within hyaluronidase , the particle sizes of hyaluronic acid had no changes compared with control group ( immersed within saline ) under the analysis of the laser diffraction analyzer and optical microscope .In immunohistochemical experiment , hyaluronidase was only detected in the outside wall of artery .Clinical cases showed that the retrobulbar injection of hyaluronidase could not decrease the symptoms of vision loss .Conclusions To an artery in a diameter of 2 mm, hyaluronidase could not penetrate through the arterial wall to dissolve the hyaluronic acid within the vessel . Thus, for the cases of ophthalmic artery embolism , retrobulbar injection of hyaluronidase may not be a logical solution .

Objective To study whether the hyaluronidase could infiltrate through the wall of blood vessel and further dissolve the hyaluronic acid within the arteries .Methods Rabbit abdominal aorta in 2 mm of diameter was filled with hyaluronic acid , which was then immersed in a high concentration of hyaluronidase for 90 minutes.The treated hyaluronic acid within artery was observed using optical microscope and laser diffraction particle size analyzer , to detect the change of particle size;Immunohistochemical study of blood vessels was performed to detect whether hyaluronidase penetrate the walls of the blood vessels;Hyaluronidase was injected into the vessel and immersed in saline , permeability of which was detected using ninhydrin dyeing and enzyme assay test .In addition, three patients of vision defects caused by hyaluronic acid injection were observed , two cases of which had received retrobulbar injection of hyaluronidase .Results After immersed within hyaluronidase , the particle sizes of hyaluronic acid had no changes compared with control group ( immersed within saline ) under the analysis of the laser diffraction analyzer and optical microscope .In immunohistochemical experiment , hyaluronidase was only detected in the outside wall of artery .Clinical cases showed that the retrobulbar injection of hyaluronidase could not decrease the symptoms of vision loss .Conclusions To an artery in a diameter of 2 mm, hyaluronidase could not penetrate through the arterial wall to dissolve the hyaluronic acid within the vessel . Thus, for the cases of ophthalmic artery embolism , retrobulbar injection of hyaluronidase may not be a logical solution .