Objective To develop measles and Japanese encephalitis(JE)combined attenuated live vaccine. Methods The independent development of China′s Shanghai 191 measles vaccine strains and Japanese encephalitis SA14-14-2 vaccine strains were selected to prepare two of monovalent vaccines solution,which were used to conduct the interference test,the ratio test,the screening test of protection agent,the screening test of dilution,and the alternative of the curve of freeze-dried.Results The preparation technology of measles and Japanese encephalitis combined live attenuated vaccine was determined.The batches of the products met the quality requirement of the three kinds of monovalent vaccine in the Pharmacopoeia of the people's Republic of China(edition 2005,volume 3).The cross-interference and increased response were not found in the animal test,and the immune response of mouse was not influenced,which indicated the safety and immunogenicity of with good combined vaccine.Conclusion Measles and Japanese encephalitis combined attenuated live vaccine was developed successfully.

Objective　To observe the molluscicidal effect of a new molluscicide, 10% chlorosalicylicamide (LDS), against the intermediate hosts of Schistosoma mansoni - Biomphalaria glabrata and Biomphalaria straminea, thus to provide the experimental foundation for the field application of this molluscicide. Methods　The 10% LDS was formulated into the series of standard solutions with effective concentrations of 0.400 0, 0.200 0, 0.100 0, 0.050 0, 0.025 0 mg/L and 0.012 5 mg/L, respectively. B. glabrata and B. straminea were separately immersed in these solutions in the laboratory. The deaths of the above snails were observed after immersing into the solutions for 24, 48, and 72 h, and the mortalities of each group were computed, as well as the median lethal concentration LC50 (s) and relative toxicity indexes were calculated. Meanwhile, 50% wettable power of niclosamide ethanolamine salt (WPN) was set as the drug group, and dechlorinated water as the blank control group. Results　 The effective concentration of LDS at or above 0.100 0 mg/L, or WPN at or above 0.200 0 mg/L resulted in a 100% mortality rate for B. glabrata and B. straminea after immersing 24, 48, and 72 h. The LC50 (s) at 24, 48, and 72 hours for Biomphalaria glabrata immersed in the LDS series concentration solution was 0.047 95, 0.046 52, and 0.037 10 mg/L, respectively; while the LC50 (s) of B. glabrata in WPN serial solutions was 0.063 48, 0.057 05, 0.057 05 mg/L for 24, 48 and 72 h, respectively. For Biomphalaria straminea, the LC50 (s) at 24, 48, and 72 hours in the LDS solution was 0.012 35, 0.013 99, and 0.008 40 mg/L, respectively; and for the WPN solution, it was 0.058 95, 0.025 71, and 0.0237 5 mg/L. Using WPN as the standard drug which had higher value of LC50, and the relative toxicity index of WPN was set to 1.00, the relative toxicity indexes of LDS against B. glabrata were 1.32, 1.23 and 1.54 for 24, 48 h and 72 h, respectively, while for B. straminea, it was 4.77, 1.84, and 2.83. After 24, 48, and 72 hours of immersion in LDS, the number of surviving B. glabrata was significantly higher than that of B. straminea, with a statistical significance (χ2=8.044, 5.263, 4.658, P<0.05, respectively). Conclusions　Compared to the traditional molluscicide WPN, 10% LDS shows a superior molluscicidal effect on B. glabrata and B. straminea, especially demonstrating heightened sensitivity and efficacy on B. straminea, suggesting its potential as a substitute agent for snail control.

Objective To understand the malaria epidemic situation in Hubei Province from 2010 to 2014,so as to provide the evidence for formulating the effective malaria elimination strategies and measures in this province. Methods The data from the Disease Reporting Information System of Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention were collected and analyzed with the descriptive epidemiological method for the epidemiological characteristics of malaria in Hubei Province from 2010 to 2014. Results A total of 997 malaria cases were reported in Hubei Province from 2010 to 2014,there were 618 cases of vivax malaria,352 cases of falciparum malaria,18 cases of Plasmodium ovale infection,and 9 cases of Plasmodium malariae infec?tion. Among all the reported cases,479 were local cases and 518 were imported cases. No local malaria cases were reported from Hubei Province since 2013. The overall imported malaria cases showed a gradual increasing trend from 2010 to 2014,the pro?portion of falciparum malaria increased quite significantly from 2010 to 2014. The malaria cases were mainly distributed in Xiangyang,Wuhan,Xiaogan,Yichang,Jingmen and Suizhou cities,reaching 81.85%of the cases of the whole province. There were 810 male cases and 187 female cases,with a sex ratio of 4.33∶1. The local malaria cases were mainly aged from 40 to 69 years,accounted for 78.29%of the total local cases,and 88.22%(457/518)of the whole local cases were concentrated in 20-49 age groups. The local cases were mainly farmers(67.01%). Among the imported malaria cases,the occupation distribution concentrated mainly on the worker,migrant worker,and farmer(63.90%). Conclusions The local malaria epidemic situation has been effectively controlled in Hubei Province,which reflects the initiative achievements of malaria elimination. However, there are still many imported malaria cases from abroad. Therefore,the imported malaria from abroad still remains the key of ma?laria control in Hubei Province.

OBJECTIVETo develop an UPLC method for the determination of leonurine in traditional Chinese medicines.

METHODAn Acquity UPLC BEH C18 column (2.1 mm x 100 mm) with 1.7 microm particle size was used. The mobile phase was composed of methanol and ammonium formate buffer (pH 4.0) in gradient mode. The flow rate was 0.3 mL x min(-1) and the chromatograpic run time was 18 min for one sample.

RESULTThe results showed that there was significant difference in the content of leonurine in the leonurus products from different pharmaceutical companies. The leonurine content in those products is in the range of 45.6-193 microg x g(-1).

CONCLUSIONThe method is simple, reproducible and reliable. It can be used to control the quality of related drugs.

In order to provide efficient medical care to atrial fibrillation patients in the community, the Huamu Community Health Service Center in association with its medical consortium, Renji Hospital have developed a novel atrial fibrillation management system. With the collaboration of general practitioners and specialist team from the tertiary hospital, a special clinic for atrial fibrillation has been set up in the community health service center, which is based on the internet technology and the medical consortium platform. This article introduces the development of this novel system and the initial outcome of the measures, to provide a reference for the management of atrial fibrillation patients in the community.

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)is the main pathogen that causes COVID-19,which is fast-mutating and highly transmissible.The infection has led to a global epidemic.As the main preventive and control measure,vaccination plays a critical role in fighting a-gainst COVID-19.Although a large number of epitope-based and mucosal vaccines have been stud-ied,few peptide epitope vaccines targeting the mucosa and their functional evaluation have been re-ported.In this study,we used SARS-CoV-2 structural protein M peptide epitope predicted by the IEDB database as an antigenic target to design the MS-3S gene containing 3 050 and 1 229 signal peptides and DCpep optimized for insertion into MS2 phage coat proteins.The expression plasmid pSIP:MS-3S was constructed by cloning the PCR fragments seamlessly and was transformed into Lactiplantibacillus plantarum 18 to obtain the recombinant bacterium LP18:MS-3S.Expression conditions such as induction time,inducer concentration,rotational speed and initial pH were opti-mized.The intranasal immunization experiments were performed to examine the vaccine efficacy.The results showed that the 916 bp-long target gene MS-3S modified and optimized was amplified and used to successfully construct the recombinant bacterial strain LP18:MS-3S.The optimal con-ditions for recombinant protein expression were obtained and verified by Western blot,flow cy-tometry,immunofluorescence and other detection methods.The optimal expression conditions were determined as follows:induction time was 4 h with 100 pg/L of SppIP as the optimal induction concentration.Antibody-specific for the epitope was verified by ELISA experiments in serum,alve-olar lavage fluid and fecal dilutions of mice.In summary,a recombinant bacterial strain expressing the epitope antigen of the SARS-CoV-2 M protein peptide was constructed.The obtained protein can induce the body to produce humoral and mucosal immunity,which lays the foundation for the development of a vaccine candidate for the mucosal immunity of COVID-19.

ObjectiveTo estimate the total effect size and the proportion of contextual effect (PCE) of non-surgical treatments for rotator cuff injury. MethodsRandomized controlled trial (RCT) on non-surgical treatments for rotator cuff injuries was retrieved from PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, CINAHL, CNKI, and Wanfang Data from the establishment to October, 2020. Two researchers conducted independent literature screening, data extraction and quality evaluation, and used STATA 15.0 software for meta-analyses. ResultsForty studies involving 2 976 participants were included. The total PCE of pain was 0.61 (95% CI 0.54 to 0.69). PCE of treatments from the largest to the smallest were corticosteroid injection, extracorporeal shockwave therapy, oral non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), manual therapy, hyaluronic acid injection therapy, platelet-rich plasma injection therapy, laser therapy, NSAIDs injection therapy, and acupuncture therapy. Total PCE for function and range of motion was 0.69 (95% CI 0.61 to 0.77) and 0.62 (95% CI 0.48 to 0.81), respectively. Blinding, studies in developed countries, and longer courses of treatment increased the PCE of pain. ConclusionUp to 61% of PCE for the non-surgical treatments for rotator cuff injuries means instable research. A higher proportion of PCE may be the cause of inconsistencies between clinical practice and clinical research conclusions.

Objective To evaluate the effectiveness of the application of Wondfo Rapid Diagnostic Kit (RDTs) in the diagnosis of imported malaria cases in the Malaria Reference Laboratory of Hubei Provence. Methods The complete blood samples of malaria cases and negative card deletion cases reported in Hubei Province from January 2015 to June 2018 were collected and retrospectively analyzed. The results of the provincial malaria reference laboratory were used as the standard, and were compared with those results detected by RDTs, microscopic examination and nested PCR. The differences were statistically analyzed. Results A total of 440 complete samples were collected by the Malaria Reference Laboratory of Hubei Provence, of which 418 samples were confirmed as positive, and 22 samples were confirmed as negative. In terms of the identification ability of P. falciparum, RDTs performed the best, with a coincidence rate of 100.00%, and the coincidence rates nested PCR and microscopic examination were 97.49% and 91.40%, respectively. In terms of the identification specificity for another 3 species of Plasmodium (P. vivax, P. ovarian and P. vivax), nested PCR was the best, the microscopy method was the second best, and RDTs was the lowest. Based on the comprehensive analysis of 12 individual indicators, RDTs had the highest score (32), while the microscopic examination and nested PCR scored 24 and 19, respectively. Conclusion RDTs had certain advantages in the detection of malaria, but they had a low identification specificity for different species. Thus, they can be used as auxiliary tools for microscopic examination and widely used in surveillance work after malaria elimination in Hubei Province.

Endo-β-N-acetylglucosaminidase is used widely in the glycobiology studies and industries. In this study, a new endo-β-N-acetylglucosaminidase, designated as Endo SA, was cloned from Streptomyces alfalfae ACCC 40021 and expressed in Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3). The purified recombinant Endo SA exhibited the maximum activity at 35 ºC and pH 6.0, good thermo/pH stability and high specific activity (1.0×10⁶ U/mg). It displayed deglycosylation activity towards different protein substrates. These good properties make EndoSA a potential tool enzyme and industrial biocatalyst.
Cloning, Molecular ; Enzyme Stability ; Escherichia coli ; genetics ; Gene Expression ; Mannosyl-Glycoprotein Endo-beta-N-Acetylglucosaminidase ; genetics ; metabolism ; Recombinant Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; Streptomyces ; enzymology ; genetics

Objective To analyze the spatial clustering of human schistosomiasis at the village level in key counties in Hubei Province, to provide scientific evidence for formulating strategies for human schistosomiasis prevention and control in the next stage. Methods Gong^'an County and Jiangling County in Hubei Province were selected as representative counties for this study. A town or village was set up as a research unit. Schistosomiasis cases of a positive fecal examination in 2015 and cases with positive detection for schistosomiasis serological antibody titer equal or above 80 in 2016-2018 were selected as research subjects in these two counties. The Kulldorff circular scan statistic was used for the spatial clustering analysis of human schistosomiasis infection status in the population. Results There was spatial clustering of positive schistosomiasis cases of fecal examination, at the level of a town or village in both counties in 2015. There was spatial clustering of positive human serological antibody detection at the level of town or village from 2016-2018. Eighty-six endemic villages in five towns in the northeast of Gong^'an County, along the Yangtze river,including Mahaokou Town, Zhakou Town, Yangjiachang Town, Jiazhuyuan Town and Douhuti Town, were the most prominent. There was no spatial clustering of positive results of human serological antibody detection at the town and village level in Jiangling County, in2017, while there was spatial clustering of human serological antibody detection in 2016 and 2018,respectively. Fifty-seven endemic villages in two towns (Puji Town and Xionghe Town) in the southwest of Jiangling County, along the Yangtze river,were the most prominent. Conclusion There were spatial clustering of human schistosomiasis epidemic at village level both in Gong^'an County and Jiangling County, Hubei Province. Compared with the previous studies, there was a trend of shrink and decline of clustering areas. Therefore, the current situation of the epidemic has put forward higher requirements for the implementation of precise prevention and control in the progress of schistosomiasis elimination work in various epidemic areas.