Objective To explore the high-risk factors of infection of incisional wound after cesare-an section.Methods We retrospectively reviewed cesarean section cases with infection of incisional wound and evaluated the high-risk factors.Results Totally ten factors were identified as the high-risk factors ( P<0.05)such as obesity(BMI),more amount of bleeding, prolonged operative time, sugar diabetes, rupture of fetal membranes, etc.The four factors such as age, history of induced abortion ,social factor were not shown to be significant high-risk factors( P >0.05).Conclusion The high risk factors of incision infec-tion in cases with cesarean section include BMI , prolonged operative time , kinds of anesthesia , sugar diabe-tes and more amount of bleeding .

Objective To discuss the influence of Tanshinone ⅡA on the tight junction protein of intestinal mucosal epithelial cells in rat severe septic models. Methods Seventy-five Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into sham operation group, model group and Tanshinone ⅡA injection high (20 mg/kg), medium (10 mg/kg) and low (5 mg/kg) dose groups, each group 15 rats. Sepsis rat models were established by cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) method, in sham operation group, only switched abdominal surgery was performed without CLP. In Tanshinone ⅡA injection groups, different doses of Tanshinone ⅡA were injected intraperitoneally after modeling for 10 minutes and 6 hours; in sham operation and model groups, equal volume of normal saline was injected intraperitoneally at the same times as above. After operation, 3 L/kg of normal saline was injected into the caudal vein in all rats for fluid resuscitation.Twelve hours after operation, the rats were killed, the abdominal lymph nodes, liver, spleen and kidney tissues were taken for bacterial culture and calculating the rate of bacterial translocation; under microscope, the histopathological changes of ileum mucosal tissues were examined and Chiu scoring was carried out; TdT-mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) was applied to detect the ileum mucosal epithelial cell apoptosis and calculating the index (AI);fluorescence immunoassay and Western Blot methods were used to measure the contents and protein expression levels of tight junction protein, junctional adhesion molecule-1 (JAM), Claudin-1, Zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1), Occludin, c-Fos and Tryptase. Results ① In bacterial cultures of abdominal lymph node, liver, spleen and kidney, the positive rate of mesenteric lymph node was the highest, followed by liver and spleen, mainly Escherichia coli, Proteus mirabilis, etc. The highest positive rate of bacterial culture was in model group (38.8%), followed by low dose of Tanshinone ⅡA injection group (35.0%), and the lowest was 16.6% in high dose Tanshinone ⅡA injection group, the differences being statistically significant in comparisons between any pair of groups (all P < 0.05). ② Pathological examination showed that the pathological changes of ileum mucosa were obvious and the Chiu score (4.17±0.98 vs. 0) and AI (11.70±2.87 vs. 2.17±0.80) in model group were significantly higher than those in sham group (all P < 0.05); with the increase of dosage of Tanshinone ⅡA injection, the pathological changes of rat ileum mucosa were improved gradually, the Chiu score and AI were decreased gradually, and the degrees of decrease in high dose Tanshinone ⅡA group were more significant than those in model group (Chiu score: 1.12±0.79 vs. 4.17±0.98, AI: 3.65±1.98 vs. 11.70±2.87, both P < 0.05).③ Immunofluorescence staining showed that the positive staining of protein JAM, ZO-1 and c-Fos were all green in color, Claudin-1, Occludin and Tryptase were all red in color, the localizations of all of them were in the cytoplasm, the protein expression of JAM, Claudin-1, ZO-1, Occludin from strong to weak in turn were Sham group, high, medium, low dose Tanshinone ⅡA group and model group, the expression of c-Fos, Tryptase from strong to weak in turn were model group, low, medium, high dose Tanshinone ⅡA group and Sham group. ④ Western Blot showed that the expressions of ileum tissue JAM, Claudin-1, ZO-1 and Occludin in model group were all significantly lower than those of the sham group, while the expressions of c-Fos, Tryptase were obviously higher than those of the sham group, with the increase of dosage of Tanshinone ⅡA, the expressions of JAM, Claudin-1, ZO-1 and Occludin were increased gradually and the protein expressions of c-Fos and Tryptase were gradually decreased, and the changes in high dosage group of Tanshinone ⅡA were more significant than those in low and moderate groups [JAM (gray value): 25.39±1.82 vs. 12.41±1.34, 19.45±1.66, Claudin-1 (gray value): 28.44±1.56 vs.17.26±1.46, 21.23±1.34, ZO-1 (gray value): 28.84±1.59 vs. 16.45±1.21, 24.22±1.46, Occludin (gray value): 25.49±1.63 vs. 13.34±1.45, 19.45±1.37, c-Fos (gray value):15.76±1.36 vs. 27.84±1.36, 21.22±1.73, Tryptase (gray value): 14.44±1.41 vs. 28.14±1.38, 22.32±1.57], all the above comparisons of different dosage groups were statistically significant (all P < 0.05). Conclusion Tanshinone ⅡA injection may improve intestinal wall structure and reduce bacterial translocation by improving the intestinal mucosal tight junction protein in sepsis model rats, and this effect is positively correlated to Tanshinone ⅡA dosage.

Objective To explore the effects of curcumin on pro-inflammatory factors in the lung microvascular endothelial cells (LMVEC) model stimulated by thrombus. Methods The LMVECs were divided into six groups according to the random number table method. No treatment was given to the blank control group ; the model group was cultured for 7 hours in normal medium; the curcumin group was treated with 40 μmol/L curcumin for 72 hours ; the shRNA group was infected with shRNA adenovirus for 72 hours; the irregular chemokines (CX3CL1) overexpression group was infected with CX3CL1 overexpressing adenovirus for 72 hours; the shRNA+curcumin group infected with shRNA adenovirus and treated with 40 μmol/L curcumin together for 72 hours; CX3CL1 overexpression +curcumin group infected with CX3CL1 overexpressing adenovirus and treated with 40 μmol/L curcumin together for 72 hours. After each group was given the corresponding pretreatment, the thrombus natural precipitation was added each group for 12 hours. The contents of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), the mRNA expression levels of CX3CL1, CX3CL1 receptor (CX3CR1), IL-6, TNF-α and the protein expression levels of CX3CL1/CX3CR1, CX3CR1/NF-κB in various groups were observed, repeat 3 times in each group. Results The contents and mRNA expression of IL-6, TNF-αand protein expression of CX3CR1, NF-κB in the LMVEC group were significantly higher than those in blank control group [IL-6 (ng/L): 207.90±16.69 vs. 85.93±20.32, TNF-α (ng/L): 239.60±15.27 vs. 101.23±11.92; IL-6 mRNA: 0.66±0.05 vs. 0.11±0.02, TNF-α mRNA: 1.06±0.04 vs. 0.02±0.01; CX3CR1 protein:3.94±0.58 vs. 1.00±0.31, NF-κB protein: 1.20±0.07 vs. 1.00±0.10; all P < 0.05]; the contents of IL-6 in shRNA group, CX3CL1 overexpression group, shRNA + curcumin group, CX3CL1 overexpression + curcumin group were all obviously lower than those in LMVEC group (ng/L: 183.60±11.52, 159.27±15.02, 117.03±7.91, 119.97±11.43 vs. 207.90±16.69, all P < 0.01); the content of TNF-α was markedly increased in shRNA group compared with that of LMVEC group (ng/L: 282.00±5.63 vs. 239.6±15.27), while the contents of TNF-α in CX3CL1 overexpression group, shRNA+ curcumin group, CX3CL1 overexpression + curcumin group were all lower than those in LMVEC group (ng/L: 216.97±9.20, 203.97±19.03, 191.97±17.50 vs. 239.6±15.27, all P < 0.05). The mRNA expression levels in CX3CL1 overexpression group and CX3CL1 overexpression + curcumin group were significantly higher than those in the blank control group and the LMVEC group (CX3CL1 mRNA: 55 210.3±1 209.2, 165 296.3±8 082.4 vs. 3.3±0.6, 2.0±0.0, all P < 0.01). The mRNA expression level of IL-6 in shRNA group was higher than that in LMVEC group (0.82±0.17 vs. 0.66±0.05), the mRNA expression level of IL-6 in CX3CL1 overexpression was lower than that in LMVEC group (0.29±0.03 vs. 0.66±0.05), the changes after pretreatment with curcumin were more significant (1.06±0.03 vs. 0.66±0.05 and 0.15±0.01 vs. 0.66±0.05); the mRNA expressions of TNF-α in shRNA group, CX3CL1 overexpression group, shRNA+ curcumin group were significantly lower than those in LMVEC group (0.41±0.04, 0.88±0.07, 1.01±0.02 vs. 1.06±0.04), the mRNA expression level of TNF-α in CX3CL1 overexpression + curcumin group was significantly higher than that in LMVEC group (1.36±0.01 vs. 1.06±0.04). The protein expression of CX3CL1, CX3CR1, NF-κB in shRNA group, CX3CL1 overexpression group, shRNA + curcumin group, CX3CL1 overexpressing + curcumin group were significantly higher than those in the LMVEC group (CX3CL1 protein: 0.41±0.07, 0.59±0.09, 0.69±0.61, 1.02±0.23 vs. 1.33±0.33, CX3CR1 protein: 0.85±0.18, 1.10±0.16, 1.32±0.18, 1.54±0.08 vs. 3.94±0.58, NF-κB protein: 0.33±0.07, 0.41±0.08, 0.41±0.07, 0.63±0.08 vs. 1.20±0.07). Conclusion Curcumin can inhibit the secretion of IL-6, TNF-α, CX3CR1 and NF-κB in thrombus-stimulated LMVEC model.