[ ABSTRACT] Rebound depolarization is a special phenomenon of the neurons which generates action potential fol-lowed by a hyperpolarization stimulation.It can be recorded in many kinds of neurons and is the intrinsic membrane charac-teristic of them.Rebound depolarization plays an important role in regulating the firing pattern, rhythmic activity and sy-naptic plasticity of neurons.This review focuses on the basic characteristics, the function and mechanism of the rebound depolarization in physiological and pathological conditions, which provides reference for the clinical treatment of rebound depolarization-related diseases.

Objective To compare the proximal femoral locking plate (LPFP) and proximal femoral intramedullary nail-spiral blade (PFNA) in minimally invasive internal fixation for elderly patients with intertrochanteric fractures.Methods One hundred and thirty patients aged over 60 years with intertrochanteric fractures were treated with minimally invasive internal fixation from January 2010 to June 2013,among them LPFP was applied in 69 cases and PFNA in 61 cases.The operation time,the numbers of intraoperative X-ray fluoroscopy,intraoperative blood loss,postoperative flow and decreased postoperative hemoglobin,postoperative complications,medical expenses,fracture healing time,postoperative hip Hariss function score were documented and compared between two groups.Results There were no significant differences in intraoperative blood loss [(132 ± 95) and (110 ± 79) ml],postoperative draining [(44 ± 16) and (41 ± 17) ml],decreased postoperative hemoglobin,fracture healing time [(10.5 ± 1.0) and (10.4 ± 1.5) weeks] and postoperative hip Hariss function score (87 ± 10 and 90 ± 8) between two groups.In LPFP group the number of intraoperative X-ray fluoroscopy (8.1 ±0.8 and 8.6 ± 0.9),hospitalization expenses,postoperative complications (7/69 and 16/61) were less than those in PFNA group (P＜0.05 or 0.01),however,the operation time was longer (P＜0.01).Conclusion LPFP may be a better choice in internal fixation for elderly patients with intertrochanteric fractures.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effect of minocycline on hyperpolarization-activated current (Ih) in the substantia gelatinosa (SG) neurons in rat spinal dorsal horn.

METHODSIn vitro spinal cord transverse slices were prepared from 3-5-week-old male Sprague-Dawley rats. Using whole-cell patch clamp technique, Ih currents were recorded before and after bath application of minocycline (1-300 µmol/L) to the SG neurons.

RESULTSIh currents were observed in nearly 50% of the recorded neurons, and were blocked by Ih blocker CsCl and ZD7288. Minocycline rapidly and reversibly reduced the amplitude of Ih and decreased the current density in a concentration-dependent manner with an IC50 of 34 µmol/L.

CONCLUSIONMinocycline suppresses the excitability of SG neurons through inhibiting the amplitude and current density of Ih and thereby contributes to pain modulation.

Animals ; Male ; Minocycline ; pharmacology ; Neurons ; drug effects ; Patch-Clamp Techniques ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Substantia Gelatinosa ; cytology

Objective:To study the value of ultrasound-guided endoscopic retrograde appendicitis therapy in children with uncomplicated appendicitis.Methods:This study was a single center, retrospective study, including all electronic cases of appendicitis diagnosed clinically in Department of Pediatrics, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Military Medical University from October 2018 to October 2020 and received ultrasound-guided endoscopic retrograde appendicitis therapy.The clinical features, treatment and prognosis of the children were retrospectively analyzed.Results:A total of 152 electronic cases were included, there were 77 males and 75 females, aged(6.84±3.09) years.All the 152 children were treated with ultrasound-guided endoscopic retrograde appendicitis therapy.Intubation success rate and clinical success rate was 98.03%(149/152 cases)and 97.99%(146/149 cases), respectively.The median time of endoscopic therapy was 42.50 (31.00, 56.00) minutes.Mean postoperative hospital stay was (2.81 ±1.41) days, and the mean total hospital stay was (4.19 ±1.71) days.A total of 139 patients were followed up with a median follow-up time of 5 (1, 26) months.During the follow-up, the recurrence rate was 7.19%(10/139 cases), and the median time of recurrence was 2 (1, 3) months.Conclusions:Ultrasound-guided endoscopic retrograde appendicitis therapy had high effective rate and low recurrence rate in children with uncomplicated appendicitis, preserved the physiological function of appendix and avoided radiation damage.It can be used as a safe and effective treatment for acute and chronic uncomplicated appendicitis in children.

PURPOSE: Previous studies have confirmed that microRNAs play important roles in the pathogenesis of acute aortic dissection (AAD). Here, we aimed to explore the role of miR-145 and its regulatory mechanism in the pathogenesis of AAD. MATERIALS AND METHODS: AAD tissue samples were harvested from patients with aortic dissection and normal donors. Rat aortic vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) were transfected with miR-145 mimic/inhibitor or negative control mimic/inhibitor. Gene and protein expression was measured in human aortic dissection tissue specimens and VSMCs by qRT-PCR and Western blot. Luciferase reporter assay was applied to verify whether connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) was a direct target of miR-145 in VSMCs. Methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium assay was used to detect VSMC viability. RESULTS: miR-145 expression was downregulated in aortic dissection tissues and was associated with the survival of patients with AAD. Overexpression of miR-145 promoted VSMC proliferation and inhibited cell apoptosis. Moreover, CTGF, which was increased in aortic dissection tissues, was decreased by miR-145 mimic and increased by miR-145 inhibitor. Furthermore, CTGF was confirmed as a target of miR-145 and could reverse the promotion effect of miR-145 on the progression of AAD. CONCLUSION: miR-145 suppressed the progression of AAD by targeting CTGF, suggesting that a miR-145/CTGF axis may provide a potential therapeutic target for AAD.
Animals ; Apoptosis ; Blotting, Western ; Connective Tissue Growth Factor ; Humans ; Luciferases ; MicroRNAs ; Muscle, Smooth, Vascular ; Rats ; Tissue Donors

OBJECTIVETo study the procedure of seed quality testing and seed grading scale of Phellodendron amurense.

METHODSeed quality testing methods were developed, which included the test of sampling, seed purity, weight per 1 000 seeds, seed moisture, seed viability and germination rate. The related data from 62 cases of seed specimens of P. amurense were analyzed by cluster analysis.

RESULT AND CONCLUSIONThe seed quality test procedure was developed, and the seed quality grading scale was formulated.

Cluster Analysis ; Germination ; Phellodendron ; embryology ; Quality Control ; Seeds ; Weights and Measures

Through the study of allelopathy of the pericarp of Phellodendron amurense, the role of self-regeneration barriers was investigated in order to find ways and means for the protection of wild populations of P. amurense. Solution preparation: soaked pericarp of P. amurense in distilled water at 4 degrees C to get solution A, and reflux extraction of pericarp with distilled water at 100 degrees C to get solution B. Both of the solution A and solution B were used in the experiment of seed germination and seedling growth with the seeds of cabbage and wheat. The results showed that 20 g x L(-1) concentration of solution A and solution B inhibited significantly seed germination of cabbage and wheat, while 100 g x L(-1) concentration of solution A even completely inhibited the seed germination of wheat. 20 g x L(-1) concentration of solution A significantly inhibited the cabbage and wheat seedling growth, completely inhibited the root growth of cabbage, while 100 g x L(-1) concentrations of solution A completely inhibited seedling growth of cabbage and wheat. Comparing to solution A, the intensity of solution B are diminished on seed germination and seedling growth. It is concluded that the allelopathy of pericarp of P. amurense is multi-material role in the results, some of allelochemicals are easily degradable when exposed to heat. Overall, the allelopathy of pericarp of P. amurense can affect the seed germination and seedling growth. It is supposed that allelochemicals existed in the pericarp of P. amurense is one of the reason leading to difficulties in self-regeneration of its population.
Brassica ; drug effects ; Germination ; drug effects ; Phellodendron ; chemistry ; Plant Extracts ; pharmacology ; Plant Roots ; drug effects ; Seedlings ; drug effects ; Triticum ; drug effects

Objective:To compare the performance and surgical outcomes of domestic single-use digital flexible ureteroscopes with reusable digital flexible ureteroscopes in treatment of upper urinary stones.Methods:A prospective, single-blind, multicenter and randomized controlled study was performed from September 2018 to June 2019. Eligible patients were randomly assigned, in a ratio of 1∶1, to either experimental group or control group. The inclusion criteria for the study were: aged 18-75 years, solitary upper urinary stone with stone size between 0.8 and 2.0 cm and CT value less than 1 400 HU, negative preoperative urine culture and normal renal function. Exclusion criteria included: patients with acute urinary tract infection, intransitable urethral strictures, impassable ureteropelvic junction obstructions, systemic hemorrhagic disease, coagulation function abnormalities or bleeding tendency, severe hypertension or cardiopulmonary insufficiency, severe hip malformation and difficulty in meeting the demand of operation position and pregnant and lactation women. The device used in the experimental group was a domestic single-use digital flexible ureteroscope, and the device used in the control group was an imported Olympus digital flexible ureteroscope. The qualified rate of clinical comprehensive evaluation (including image quality and operational performance), the rate of device failure, the stone-free rate and the occurrence rate of adverse events (including increase in urine red blood cell and white blood cell counts, postoperative hematuria, nausea, vomiting, dizziness, and fever) in the two groups were recorded.Results:A total of 186 eligible study cases were collected from the People's Hospital of Wuhan University, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, and the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University. 90 cases in the final experimental group and 88 cases in the control group completed the trial and were included in the evaluation. There were no statistically significant differences among age [(48.40±11.36) vs. (47.40±12.53)years old, P=0.594], male to female ratio (62/28 vs. 56/32, P =0.874), BMI [(24.8±2.1) kg/m 2 vs. (25.1±2.0)kg/m 2,P =0.331], hydronephrosis (no/slight vs. mild/severe) (62/28 vs. 65/23, P =0.874), stone location and stone size [(12.8±4.7) mm vs. (11.9±5.2) mm, P =0.227]. There were no significant differences in terms of qualified rate of clinical comprehensive evaluation [98.9% (89/90) vs. 100.0% (88/88), P =0.991], lithotripsy success rate [84.4% (76/90) vs. 84.1% (74/88), P =0.888], device failure/defect rate (both 0%), and the incidence of adverse events [50.0% (45/90) vs. 52.0% (51/88), P =0.894]. The highest incidence of adverse events in two groups was the increase of red blood cells and white blood cells of routine urine after operation. There was no serious adverse event in the experimental group and 1 serious adverse event in the control group. Conclusions:There was no significant difference in image quality, device failure/defect rate, lithotripsy success rate, and adverse event rate between single-use digital flexible ureteroscopes and reusable digital flexible ureteroscopes for lithotripsy of upper ureteral and pelvic stones. Domestic single-use digital flexible ureteroscopes have good safety and effectiveness in the treatment and microscopy of upper urinary tract stones.

To investigate the efficacy and safety of modified endoscopic retrograde appendicitis therapy (ERAT) in children with acute uncomplicated appendicitis complicated with intussusception. Data of 6 patients with acute uncomplicated appendicitis complicated with intussusception who received modified ERAT were collected from October 2018 to February 2020 in Pediatrics Department of Tangdu Hospital. The reduction rate of intussusception, the success rate of ERAT appendiceal intubation and endoscopic treatment, the remission time of clinical symptoms, the time of white blood cells return to normal, the length of hospital stay, complications and recurrence were summarized. All the 6 patients were confirmed to be acute uncomplicated appendicitis combined with ileocecal intussusceptions under colonoscopy. Endoscopic intussusception reduction and ERAT were performed successfully. The mean time of disappearance of abdominal tenderness was 1.3 days after the therapy, and the time of white blood cells return to normal was 1 day after surgery. The endoscopic treatment were all successful and the length of hospital stay was 3-6 days. No complications or recurrence of intussusception and appendicitis occurred during the follow-up period of 6-12 months. Modified ERAT can effectively, safely and minimally invitingly treat acute uncomplicated appendicitis with intussusception in children on the basis of definite diagnosis.

Objective:To explore the characteristics, clinical manifestations and gene mutation types of Cornelia de Lange syndrome (CdLs), and to improve the understanding of the disease.Methods:Clinical data and gene test results of a pediatric case of CdLs diagnosed in the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University in August 2019 were analyzed retrospectively.Results:A female patient with 2 years and 8 months old presented a special appearance with a low and flat nose, a wide eye distance, audition ears, a downward inclination of the mouth corner, a high arch of the jaw and a small jaw deformity, who had recurrent seizures, speech and mental retardation.The result of gene test showed the mutation of SMC1A gene c. 2923C > T, and thus the patient was diagnosed as type 2 CdLs. Conclusions:CdLs is a rare genetic metabolic disease with special facial features and physical signs.There is only one case of CdLs with gene mutation of SMC1A in China through literature review.The mutation of SMC1A gene c. 2923C>T in CdLs cases has not been reported at home and abroad, which expands the variation spectrum of the SMC1A gene.