Objective To investigate the allergens of asthmatic children of the local area, and provide a reliable objective basis for the prevention, treatment and care of children with asthma. Methods Allergen skin prick test was performed on 217 asthmatic children in our hospital out-patient clinic and hospital from February,2008 to September,2009. All children were divided into three groups by age, there were 48 cases with asthma in the five-months to three-year-old group, 57 cases with asthma in the 3 year-old group, and 112 cases with asthma in the 5 to14 year-old group. The production of allergens developed 10 kinds of inhaled,7 kinds of food allergen with Beijing Union Medical College Hospital Research Center. Results The total positive rate of allergen skin prick test of asthmatic children was up to 89.4%. Conclusions Among the allergic factors, the inhaling allergens are the main factors at wheezing episodes in the local area, and dust mites, indoor dust are the main allergens in the inhaling allergens, in the allergic factors of food, sea shrimp is the important factor that could not be ignored to the wheezing episodes. Therefore, helping parents and children to avoid or reduce dust mites, room dust and sea shrimp exposure is the most basic measures for the prevention, treatment and care of children with asthma.