Animals ; Cardiovascular Diseases ; etiology ; metabolism ; Humans ; Inflammation ; metabolism ; Periodontitis ; complications ; metabolism ; microbiology ; Platelet Aggregation ; physiology ; Porphyromonas gingivalis ; pathogenicity ; RNA, Messenger ; metabolism ; Receptor, PAR-1 ; metabolism ; Receptor, PAR-2 ; genetics ; metabolism ; Receptors, Proteinase-Activated ; metabolism ; Receptors, Thrombin ; metabolism

This study was purposed to confirm the practical efficacy of reducing indicating germs suspended in plasma by riboflavin and photosensitized inactivation and to evaluate its influence on activation of apheresis platelet concentrates. The synergistic effects of riboflavin combined with ultraviolet irradiation on inactivation of germs were investigated by using Escherichia Coli (E. coli) and Staphylococcus Aureus (S. aureus) as Gram⁻ and Gram(+) indicating germs, respectively. The activation status of apheresis-platelet concentrates treated with riboflavin combined with ultraviolet irradiation was detected by flow cytometry. The results showed that when 50 μmol/L of riboflavin was combined with 6.2 J/ml of ultraviolet irradiation, the T/E ratios reached 1.42 for E. coli and 1.68 for S. Aureus, and reduction of E. Coli and S. Aureus were 3.87 Logs and 3.82 Logs respectively; the CD62p expression level on germ-inactivated platelets stored at 22 degrees C for 0 and 5 days were 4.92% and 36.18% respectively, which slightly increased as compared with controls (3.94% and 32.03)% (p < 0.05). It is concluded that combination of riboflavin with ultraviolet irradiation displays well synergistic effects which can reduce E. Coli and S. Aureus counts, but no significantly influence on platelets. The partial activation of liquid platelets mainly presents metabolism damage during storage, which is found at an acceptable level.
Blood Platelets ; metabolism ; Drug Carriers ; Gram-Negative Bacteria ; drug effects ; radiation effects ; Gram-Positive Bacteria ; drug effects ; radiation effects ; Humans ; P-Selectin ; blood ; Photosensitizing Agents ; pharmacology ; Platelet Count ; Plateletpheresis ; methods ; Riboflavin ; pharmacology ; Ultraviolet Rays

AIM:To observe the changes of macular thickness in patients after cataract operation.
METHODS: A total of 126 patients ( 133 eyes ) were divided into two groups that were included in this study. The group (68 eyes of 64 case) with phacoemulsification combined intraocular lens implantation and ( 65 eyes of 62 cases ) with manual small incision cataract surgery ( MSICS) . There was no complication before and during the surgery. Optical coherence tomography ( OCT) was examined 1, 3mo before and after surgery. The visual acuity and macular thickness were compared after surgery. The SPSS 17. 0 software was used for statistical analysis. The paired t-test was used before and after surgery. Independent-samples t test was used in two groups before and after surgery,α=0. 05.
RESULTS: The cataract phacoemulsification group:preoperative and 1mo after surgery, the mean macular thickness was 241. 3±10. 9μm and 279. 7±16. 5μm, with significant difference ( P < 0. 01 ). The mean macular thickness was 245. 6±12. 6μm 3mo after surgery without statistical difference compared with preoperative ( P>0-05). The mean macular thickness was 279. 7±16. 5μm 1mo after surgery and 245. 6±12. 6μm 3mo after surgery with statistical difference(P<0. 05). Three eyes displayed cystoid macular edema at 1mo after surgery and 2 eyes of them was resolved 3mo after surgery. The group of MSICS: preoperative and 1mo after surgery, the mean macular thickness was 240-5±11. 9μm and 280. 7±16. 8μm, with significant difference (P<0. 01). The mean macular thickness was 246. 6±13. 2μm 3mo after surgery without statistical difference compared with preoperative ( P >0-05). One month after surgery and 3mo after surgery, the mean macular thickness were 280. 7±16. 8μm and 246-6±13. 2μm, with statistical difference (P<0. 05). Two eyes displayed cystoid macular edema at 1mo after surgery and 2 eyes were resolved 3mo after surgery. Between the two groups pre-operation or after operation for 1, 3mo respectively P values were without statistical difference (P>0. 05).
CONCLUSION: The macular thickness and macular edema can be found 1mo after cataract phacoemulsification and MSICS. Three months post-operatively, macular edema disappears and does not show statistical difference compared with preoperative. The increase of macular thickness has no obvious relationship with the choice of surgery.

Abstract: Objective　To analyze the influencing factors of mother-to-child transmission of hepatitis B virus after combined immunological blockade, and to evaluate the effect of mother-to-child blockade, and to provide a basis for health policies and health interventions for preventing mother-to-child blockade of hepatitis B virus. Methods A total of 11 363 pairs of HBsAg positive pregnant women and their infants aged 7-12 months in Hainan Province from 2015 to 2020 were included in the study. The general situation, the situation of health care and delivery in this pregnancy and perinatal period, the detection of hepatitis B markers, the situation of antiviral therapy, the general situation of mother and infant during delivery and the implementation of blockade measures for mother-to-child transmission of hepatitis B were collected and analyzed. Results Among the 11 363 pairs of HBsAg positive pregnant women and their infants delivered in hospitals in Hainan province from 2015 to 2020, the positive rate of HBsAg in children at 7-12 months after birth was 1.47 %, and the difference in HBsAg positive rate of infants born in different years was not statistically significant (P>0.05). There were no significant differences in the positive rate of HBsAg among children born to pregnant women with different nationalities, educational levels, occupations, delivery modes, delivery places, obstetric operations and perineal laceration, abnormal perinatal period, children with different genders and premature delivery and perinatal (all P<0.05). There was significant difference in HBsAg positive rate among infants born to pregnant women of different ages, the positive rate of HBsAg of infants born to young pregnant women was higher than that of older pregnant women (P<0.05). The rate of antiviral therapy was low in HBeAg positive pregnant women, and the positive rate of HBsAg in their infants was 2.54%, which was higher than 0.83% in HBeAg negative pregnant women (P<0.05). Conclusions Combined immunological blockade with hepatitis B vaccine and hepatitis B immunoglobulin can effectively prevent the mother-to-child transmission of HBV. HBsAg-positive women can give birth at the right age, and HBeAg-positive pregnant women can be treated with antiviral therapy to block mother-to-child transmission, providing the important basis for the formulation of hepatitis B prevention and control strategies and measures.

Objective To compare the application of the 2013 Chinese Diabetes Society (CDS 2013) criteria, the 2009 joint interim statement of the International Diabetes Federation Task Force on Epidemiology and Prevention(JIS)criteria, the 2005 International Diabetes Federation(IDF)criteria and the 2005 US National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment PanelⅢ (ATPⅢ) criteria among the elderly in Nanjing. Methods A total of 1 832 elderly (≥60 years old) were recruited in Nanjing using cluster random sampling and were surveyed with questionnaires, physical examination, and laboratory test between March and December 2013. The different prevalence under CDS 2013, JIS, IDF and ATPⅢ criteria were calculated respectively. SPSS 19.0 was used to conduct t test, chi-square test and kappa test to compare the prevalence of metabolic syndrome and the consistency of four diagnostic criteria in the elderly. Results According to CDS 2013, JIS, IDF, and ATPIII, prevalence of MS in the elderly in Nanjing was 39.9%, 58.2%, 46.5%, and 54.5%, respectively. The highest value of kappa was 0.920 between JIS and ATPⅢ, with a compliance rate of 96.1%．The value of kappa was 0.841 between ATPⅢ and IDF, with a compliance rate of 92.0%. Conclusions The prevalence of metabolic syndrome among the elderly in Nanjing is relatively high under different criteria. The higher detection rate of MS by the JIS standard and ATPIII standard can help to find MS earlier and reduce the cardiovascular damage.

A practical approach to the synthesis of the A, B and C-ring subunit of cyclopamine has been developed. This synthetic tactic highlights the utility of mandelate acetal-mediated resolution of the fused ring ketone (±)-4 and IBX-mediated oxidation cascades from 12 to 9. The availability of advanced intermediates from enantiomerically pure (+)-4 and 2 could provide efficient access to biologically active and structurally diverse C-nor-D-homo-steroidal alkaloids such as cyclopamine.
Chemistry Techniques, Synthetic ; methods ; Molecular Structure ; Organic Chemistry Phenomena ; Stereoisomerism ; Steroids ; chemistry ; Veratrum Alkaloids ; chemical synthesis ; chemistry

Objective To understand the hand carrier status of 1CU patients and comparison of different cleaning methods,and to explore the effective intervening measure.Methods 150 patients received treatments in ICU from July to December in 2010 were randomly divided into washing hand group,disinfecting hand group,wiping hand group,each group had 50 cases,the samples were collected before and after washing hand,disinfecting and wiping hand,the quantity of bacteria in hands were compared before and after cleaning.Results The ICU patients' hands had a large quantity bacteria,and more pathogens,the hand carrier status in washing hand group before and after cleaning had statistically different( x2 =56.17,P ＜ 0.01 ),the same to the disinfecting hand group and wiping hand group( P ＜ 0.01 ),commodities of patients with different quantity bacteria in hands had the different bacteria carrier status ( x2 =50.917,P ＜ 0.01 ).Patients in three groups did hand-washing two times a day had smaller quantity bacteria in hands than did it one time a day(P ＜0.01 ),the effect of washing hand two times a day and disinfecting haod were better than wiping hand ( P ＜ 0.01 ).Conclusions Paying attention to patients' hand cleaning in ICU,washing hand two times a day or disinfecting hand in [CU plays an important role in controlling infection.

Objective To understanding the implementation of ICU infection control measures and the effect of ICU infection control measures on hospital infection control,in order to take effective control measures to reduce the occurrence of hospital infection.Methods The infection control personnel inspected the implementation of ICU infection control measures 2 times per week.The results of clinical rounds were discussed and analyzed,the rectifcation measures were formulated,and the rectification results feedback.Results The rates of correct and compliance on hand hygiene were respectively 79.2％,51.6％ after rounds,and were higher than 58.5％,30.3％ before rounds,and the differences were statistically significant (x2 =10.65,50.24,respectively; P ＜ 0.05).The incidence rates of ventilator associated pneumonia (VAP),arteriovenous catheter-related bloodstream infection (CRBSI) and urethral catheter-related urinary tract infection (CAUTI)were respectively17.1％,2.4％,1.1％ after rounds,and were lower than 30.2％,4.8％,2.5％ before rounds,and the differences were statistically significant (x2 =4.08,0.42,4.06,respectively; P ＜ 0.05).The qualified rates of infection control indicators including enviroumental health management,sterile technical operation,disposable sterile items management and medical waste management were respectively 94.3％,96.2％,95.2％,91.4％ after rounds,and was significantly higher than 80.9％,72.3％,79.1％,68.6％before rounds,and the differences were statistically significant (x2 =7.42,20.71,10.88,15.74,respectively; P ＜ 0.05).The rectification rate of infection control measures problems was 95.4％ in 2012,and was significantly higher than 77.8％ in 2011.Conclusions Infection control rounds can improve subjective initiative and the bidirectional interaction in infection monitoring personnel,ICU physicians and nurses,improve the execution rate of prevention and control measures,and improve the quality of infection control.

A switch thrombin aptamer sensor was constructed based on the host-guest competition mode ofβ-cyclodextrin (β-CD ) . The aptamer that modified with ferrocene ( Fc ) at its terminal was fixed on the surface of the gold electrode via the host-guest recognization with β-CD. When thrombin was present, the configuration of aptamer transformed from vertical linear to "G-quadruplex" and far away from the electrode surface, which resulted in a decrease in the redox current of the aptamer probe and produce "Signal-off"effect. On the basis of this, a high sensitive detection of thrombin was made. The detection result indicated that the thrombin concentration had a consideration linear response to the signal of aptasensor between 5 . 0 × 10-13-5. 0 × 10-9 mol/L, and as low as 2. 0 × 10-13 mol/L thrombin had been detected. This method for thrombin detection showed a higher specificity compared to other protein molecules. Besides, the sensor was constructed easily and possessed excellent regeneration, which provided a significant platform for highly efficient real-time detection of thrombin in biological serum samples.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the feasibility of in vitro and in vivo magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and fluorescence imaging tracking of transplanted bone mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) dual-labeled with ultrasmall superparamagnetic iron oxide (USPIO) and red fluorescence protein (RFP).

METHODSBMSCs were incubated with culture medium containing USPIO for 24 hours. The Prussian-blue staining, transmission electron microscopy and trypan-blue staining were used to study the efficacy and safety of labeling. F344 rat model of acute myocardial infarction was established by ligating the left anterior descending coronary artery. The dual-labeled BMSCs were injected into the margin of the infraction myocardium. Then MRI and fluorescence imaging were performed to trace the cells both in vitro and in vivo. Postmortal study was carried out to observe the distribution of transplanted cells in myocardium.

RESULTSThe percentage of dual-labeled BMSCs reached 99% after co-incubating with USPIO for 24 hours. USPIO particles were mainly located in lysosomes. As demonstrated by trypan-blue staining, there was no significant deference in viability between labeled and unlabeled groups (P>0.05). All dual-labeled transplanted BMSCs showed a significant decreasing signal on MRI, and the signal intensity changes had no significant difference over 4 weeks (P=0.66). In vitro cell tracing with fluorescence imaging of isolated heart from F344 rats was successful,while in vivo cell tracing with fluorescence imaging failed. Prussian blue staining showed that USPIO distributed near the infarcted myocardium, corresponding with the fluorescence imaging.

CONCLUSIONMRI can be used to trace the dual-labeled BMSCs transplanted into F344 rat hearts in vivo, while fluorescence imaging and pathological fluorescence imaging can trace the transplanted cells in vitro.

Animals ; Bone Marrow Cells ; cytology ; Cells, Cultured ; Dextrans ; Disease Models, Animal ; Fluorescent Antibody Technique ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Magnetite Nanoparticles ; Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation ; Mesenchymal Stromal Cells ; cytology ; Myocardial Infarction ; surgery ; Myocardium ; cytology ; pathology ; Rats ; Rats, Inbred F344