Drug Therapy, Combination ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Integrative Medicine ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Phytotherapy

To assess the correlation between thyroid function and glucolipid metabolism in type 1 diabetic adults. A retrospective analysis was conducted in 230 type 1 diabetic adults who were hospitalized in the Department of Endocrinology of Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University from January 2008 to January 2020. It showed that thyroid stimulating hormone(TSH) was significantly positively correlated with total cholesterol (TC) ( r=0.239), triglycerides (TG) ( r=0.166) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) ( r=0.249), respectively (all P<0.05). Free triiodothyronine (FT 3) was significantly negatively correlated with fasting plasma glucose (FPG) ( r=-0.272), glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) ( r=-0.240), TC ( r=-0.197) and LDL-C ( r=-0.220), respectively (all P<0.05). Free thyroxine (FT 4) was negatively correlated with TC ( r=-0.171) and LDL-C ( r=-0.170), respectively (all P<0.05). TC was an independent predictor of TSH, FT 3 and FT 4, FT 3 and FT 4 were independent predictors of HbA1c. TSH was an independent predictor of TC, TG and LDL-C. Thyroid function is closely related to glucolipid metabolism in type 1 diabetic adults.

Animals ; Education, Medical ; trends ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; methods ; trends

In the present study, the specifically knockdown models of P-gp or MRP2 were constructed by using a series of chemically synthesized small interfering RNA (siRNA) in vitro. The expression of P-gp and MRP2 was measured by real-time PCR and Western blot, and the function was evaluated by applying P-gp and MRP2 substrate, rhodamine and methotrexate. The results showed that MRP2 siRNA-3 or P-gp siRNA-2 significantly decreased the mRNA expression of MRP2 or P-gp, the inhibition ratio was 68% or 84%; MRP2 siRNA-3 or P-gp siRNA-2 at a dose of 80 nmol x L(-1) significantly reduced the protein expression of MRP2 or P-gp at 48 h after treatment, the inhibition ratio was 62% or 70%. Meanwhile, other transporters were not influenced by siRNA. When pretreatment with MRP2 siRNA-3 or P-gp siRNA-2, the efflux of methotrexate or rhodamine decreased significantly and the intra-cellular concentration increased. The results suggested that chemically synthesized siRNA could significantly inhibit the expression and function of MRP2 and P-gp, and the model of RNAi in vitro could be used to evaluate the role of efflux transporters in transportation of drugs.
ATP-Binding Cassette, Sub-Family B, Member 1 ; genetics ; Gene Knockdown Techniques ; Multidrug Resistance-Associated Proteins ; genetics ; RNA Interference ; RNA, Small Interfering ; Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction

Objective To explore the mechanism of self-awareness in the heavy smokers(HS)by using regional homogeneity(ReHo)combined with resting-state functional MRI(fMRI).Methods Thirty HS and 31 healthy non-smokers(NS)matched for age and sex underwent a 3.0 T resting-state fMRI.The data were post-processed by SPM 5 and then the ReHo values were calculated by REST software.The ReHo values between the two groups were compared by two-sample t-test.The brain map with significant difference of ReHo value was obtained.Results Compared with that in NS group,the regions with decreased ReHo value included the bilateral precuneus,superior frontal gyrus,medial prefrontal cortex,right angular gyrus,inferior frontal gyrus,inferior occipital gyrus,cerebellum,and left middle frontal gyrus in HS group.The regions of increased ReHo value included the bilateral insula,parahippocampal gyrus,white matter of parietal lobe,pons,left inferior parietal lobule,lingual gyrus,thalamus,inferior orbital gyrus,white matter of temporal-frontal lobe,and cerebellum.The difference was more obvious in the left hemisphere.Conclusions In HS,abnormal ReHo on a resting state which reflects network of smoking addiction.This method may be helpful in understanding the mechanism of self-awareness in HS.

Objective To investigate the medical and pharmaceutical knowledge of patients with chronic diseases and analyse the influence factors of rational administration in patients ,to provid data to support the establishment of pharmaceutical service mode . Methods 386 cases of patients with chronic diseases were asked to finish the questionnaires for the medical and pharmaceutical knowledge ,and factors affecting the rational drug were analyzed by single factor and multiple factors Logistic regression analysis . Results Among the 386 patients ,cardiovascular and celebralvascular disease ratio was the highest(53 .3% ) ,followed by respiratory system diseases(13 .8% ) and the musculoskeletal system diseases (11 .50% );The averaged score of 386 patients was 1 .76 ± 0 .78 , medication knowledge was at a general level;single factor analysis results showed that there was significant difference(P<0 .05) between rational drug-use and abuse of drugs among patients in number ,form of payment ,marital status ,income ,education level , taking drug knowledge lectures ,combined treatment .Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that education level ,partici-pation in lectures ,drug combination ,disease species had a significant impact on the rational drug use among patients with chronic disease(P<0 .05) .Conclusion The pharmaceutical knowledge that patients with chronic disease mastered is unsatisfactory ;and unreasonable behavior of medication is common scence .Education level ,participation in lectures ,drug combination ,the number of diseases have great influence on the rational use of drugs in patients with chronic diseases .A kind of effective pharmaceutical service mode should be established for patients with chronic diseases by clinical pharmacists .This is a very meaningful work for rational ad-ministration .

Purpose To summarize the clinicopathological features, immunophenotype, diagnosis and differential diagnosis of mammary analogue secretory carcinoma of salivary glands(MASC). Methods Four cases of MASC were included. The clinical, histological, and immunohistochemical features and follow-up data were evaluated. Results The patients aged between 20 to 72 years. Two cases were male and two were female. The average age was 52.2 years. All cases showed infiltrative growth and diverse cytology and histology, including lobular, cystic papillary, solid, cribriform or glandular structures, and microcystic honeycombed pattern composed of small cysts merged into larger cysts resembling thyroid follicles. There were no necrosis, nerve or vascular invasion in 4 cases. S-100 protein, Mammaglobin or SOX10 were strongly positive in all MASC cases.3 cases were insignificant positivity for GATA-3. Both p63 and DOG-1 were negative. Conclusion MASC is a lowgrade malignant epithelial tumor of salivary glands. Combined immunohistochemical positivity of S-100 protein, Mammaglobin and SOXIO, or negative for DOG-1, are useful in the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of MASC.

Purpose To explore the clinicopathologic features, diagnosis and differential diagnosis of Kaposiform hemangioendothelioma. Methods To reported the histopathological and immunohistochemical features in 29 cases of Kaposiform hemangioendothelioma, combined with the clinical data and the literature review. Results Of the 29 patients, 15 were male and 14 were female, almost all patients were no more than 1 year old, except one patient aged 25 years.28 cases occurred in superficial skin, including 15 cases in limbs, 5 cases in head and neck, 4 cases in trunk, 1 case in armpit, 3 cases were multiple sites, and 1 case in pelvic cavity. The clinical manifestations were limited or diffuse skin painless plaque, and 16 cases with Kabasach-Merritt phenomenon. Microscopically, the tumor was composed of proliferating small blood vessels and spindle cells, with irregular nodular or lobulated distribution, and invasive growth. Spindle cells were arranged in bundles, with epithelioid cells and spindle cells arranged in nests, and glomerulus-like structures, and the latter with crescent shaped vascular fissures. Immunohistochemically, the tumor cells were strongly positive for VEGFR-3, CD31, CD34 and ERG. Partial tumor cells were positive for SMA and D2-40, but negative for CK, Glut-1 and HHV8. Conclusion Kaposiform hemangioendothelioma is a rare, intermediate, locally aggressive angiogenic tumor, mainly occurring in infants and young adults. The diagnosis relies on its unique morphology and immunophenotype, and it should be differentiated from tufted angioma, infantile hemangioma, congenital hemangioma, spindle cell hemangioma, verrucous venous malformation and Kaposi sarcoma. Extended resection is the best way to treat Kaposiform hemangioendothelioma.

AIMTo study preventive and therapeutic effect of anisodamine on acute respiratory distress syndrome(ARDS) induced by oleic acid and their mechanism of action.

METHODSModel of ARDS was made in rabbits by oleic acid (OA). The effect of anisodamine on the malondialdehyde (MDA), fibronectin (FN), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and acid phosphatase (ACP) in plasma, and superoxide dismutase (SOD) in erythrocyte and MDA, SOD and pulmonary surfactant (PS) in lung tissues homogenate and pathological examination of lung were observed.

RESULTSThe administration of anisodamine before and after 30 minutes of injection OA decreased MDA, LDH and ACP, prevented the reduction of SOD, FN and PS. Compared with ARDS group, there was marked difference between the two, and alleviated lung injury.

CONCLUSIONAnisodamine possesses preventive and therapeutic effects on ARDS by inhibiting lipid peroxidation and stabilizing membranes.

Animals ; Disease Models, Animal ; Female ; Free Radical Scavengers ; therapeutic use ; Lipid Peroxidation ; drug effects ; Male ; Oleic Acid ; Rabbits ; Random Allocation ; Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Adult ; chemically induced ; drug therapy ; prevention & control ; Solanaceous Alkaloids ; therapeutic use

Objective To investigate the effect and molecular mechanisms of phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase(PI3K)inhibitor ZSTK474 on human melanoma A375 cells in vitro. Methods The effect of ZSTK474 on the proliferation of A375 cells was deter?mined by MTT assay.Flow cytometric analysis was carried out to examine effect of ZSTK474 on the cell cycle of A375 cells.Western-blot was conducted to evaluate the effect of ZSTK474 on the expression of the cell cycle related proteins,cyclin B1 and cdc2.Chou-Talalay method was used to evaluate the combination of ZSTK474 with PD0332991.Results In the MTT assay,ZSTK474 inhibited the proliferation of A375 cells in a dose-dependent manner with the IC50value of 1.535 μmol/L.Furthermore,ZSTK474 arrested the cell cycle progression of the A375 cells at the G2/M phase via downregulating the expression of cyclin B1 and cdc2 at 1 and 5 μmol/L. In the synergistic assay,the combination of ZSTK474 with PD0332991 in the ratio 8×IC50 ZSTK474:1×IC50 PD0332991showed a synergistic ef?fect,with the combination index(CI)values of 0.463 ± 0.113,0.658 ± 0.009 and 0.941 ± 0.034 for ED50、ED75and ED90,respectively. Conclusion ZSTK474 could inhibit the proliferation of A375 cells and arrest the cell cycle at the G2/M phase.The combination of ZSTK474 with PD0332991 could exert a synergistic effect.The precent result has revealed that the PI3K inhibitor ZSTK474 is likely to be applied alone or in combination with the CDK4/6 inhibitor PD0332991 for the human melanoma therapy.