Background and purpose:Epirubicin is one of the fi rst line chemotherapy drugs in the treatment of breast cancer, and liposome doxorubicin is a new antitumor drug that has been reported to have less cardiotoxicity and myelosuppression compared to free doxorubicin. Dentritic cells (DC) play important roles in tumor immunity. Our experiment investigated the impacts of epirubicin and liposome doxorubicin on different human breast cancer cell lines and dentritic cells, and evaluated their roles in the treatment of breast cancer. Methods:Human breast cancer cell lines, Bcap37 and MDA-MB-231, along with human dentritic cells isolated and induced into maturation, were cultured with epirubicin and liposome adriamycin at different concentrations (0, 0.25, 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, 4.0, 10.0 ?g/ml), respectively. The inhibitory effects were detected by MTT method after 24, 48, 72 h. Results:Epirubicin and liposome adriamycin could inhibit the proliferation of Bcap37 cells, MDA-MB-231 cells, and human dentritic cells. Liposome adriamycin exhibited a lighter inhibition on dentritic cells than on human breast cancer cell lines (Bcap37 and MDA- MB-231) (F=22.208, P

Amoxicillin ; adverse effects ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; adverse effects ; Child ; Humans ; Male ; Renal Insufficiency ; chemically induced

Objective To investigate the effect ofglycesylated hemoglobin(GHbA,c) on tissue-type plasminngen activator (t-PA)and level of serum plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) in patients with early diabetic nephropathy (DN).MethodNinety patients with early DN from April 2004 to May 2005 were divided into 3 groups according to the level of GHbA1c,which was respectively less than 7% (group A),between 7% and 9% (group B),and more than 9% (greup C).Thirty healthy adults were chosen as control group.The levels of serum GHbA1c,t-PA and PAI-1 were detected on empty stomach in the morning.Results The level of serum t-PA was lower,the activity of PAI-1 was higher in groups of DN than those in control group (P＜0.05 or＜0.01),and those were changed with the level of GHbA,c.There were significant differences between group C and group A[t-PA:(0.14± 0.06),(0.28± 0.11) U/ml; PAI-1 (3.25 ±1.01),(1.90q± 1.09) U/ml](P＜0.05).Conclusions The fibrinolytic system exists unbalance in patients with early DN.Continuous hyperglycemia in patients with early DN make unbalanced fibrinolytic system more serious.Controlling the level of GHbA1c strictly can play an important role in delaying DN progress.

Objective To understand the direct economic burden of healthcare-associated infection(HAI)due to multidrug-resistant organisms(MDROs).Methods Computer retrieval of CNKI,Wanfang,VIP,PubMed,Sci-enceDirect,and Cochrane databases on literatures about economic burden of MDRO HAI at home and abroad were performed,the retrieval time was from database establishment to December 2015,systematic evaluation of the liter-atures was obtained.Results According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria,as well as through Newcastle-Otta-wa Scale (NOS)for evaluating the literatures,19 literatures were included.In 12 studies about methicillin-resistant Staphylococcusaureus infection,the direct economic cost varied from $916.61 to $62908.00;in 4 studies about MDRO Acinetobacterbaumannii infection,the direct economic cost varied from$4644.00 to $98575.00.Direct economic cost due to extended-spectrumβ-lactamases-producing Enterobacteriaceae was $2824.14-$30093.00. Conclusion MDRO HAI will increase economic cost of both hospitals and patients,prevention and control measures should be taken .

Abstract: Objective　To explore the correlation between monocyte to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (MHR) and insulin resistance (IR) in male patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) combined with metabolic-related fatty liver disease (MAFLD). Methods A total of 454 male patients with T2DM combined with MAFLD in National Metabolic Management Center (MMC) of the Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University from May 2018 to July 2020 were enrolled. The general clinical data of subjects were collected, blood routine and biochemical indexes were tested, homeostasis model insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR) was calculated, visceral fat area (VFA) and subcutaneous fat area (SFA) were measured. Accordingtothe MHR quartile, patients were divided into group Q1 (MHR≤0.38), group Q2 (0.380.64) to compare the differences in measured indicators above. In addition, patients were divided into two groups according to HOMA-IR, HOMA-IR<2.5 and HOMA-IR≥2.5, and the differences in MHR were compared. Results The patients were divided into four groups according to MHR:group Q1 (n=115), group Q2 (n=110), group Q3 (n=120) and group Q4 (n=109). Fasting insulin (FINS) were respectively 6.17(4.20,9.76), 7.73(4.94,10.66), 8.92(5.32,11.33) and 9.13(5.25,12.27) mU/L, 2-hour postprandial insulin were 22.75(12.87,39.59), 27.55(16.44,39.77), 30.98(17.46,43.11) and 31.28(18.54,45.92) U/L. HOMA-IR were 3.12(1.63,4.25), 3.72(2.26,4.66), 3.87(2.48,5.44) and 3.95(2.42,5.31). Neutrophil (Neu) were 3.10(2.60,3.70), 3.20(2.50,3.93), 3.60(2.80,4.28), 4.20(3.30,5.00)×109/L. Subcutaneous fat area (SFA) were (181.27±53.60), (192.64±62.41), (199.53±61.40) and (203.69±71.51) cm2. They all increased gradually. However, the levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c) [1.18(1.06,1.35), 1.02(0.86,1.17), 0.96(0.80,1.03) and 0.80(0.69,0.92) mmol/L] and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c) [(3.00±0.79), (2.76±0.83), (2.67±0.85) and (2.59±0.92) mmol/L] decreased gradually. Pearson's or Spearman's correlation analysis showed that MHR was positively correlated with FINS, 2-hour postprandial insulin (2hINS), HOMA-IR, VFA and SFA (r=0.190, 0.153, 0.184, 0.114, 0.127, P<0.05). The coronary heart disease history, systolic blood pressure,diastolic blood pressure,fasting plasmaglucose (FPG), FINS, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), blood uric acid (Ur), body mass index (BMI), VFA, SFA and MHR of patients in group HOMA-IR≥2.5 were higher than group HOMA-IR<2.5 (P<0.05). Conclusion　MHR is positively correlated with IR in male patients with T2DM combined with MAFLD, and as MHR increases, the degree of IR is higher.

Silk fibroin is a natural polymer with certain water solubility, structural modification, good biocompatibility and biodegradability, which can be used as a drug delivery carrier material. As a promising drug delivery system, drug-loaded silk fibroin nanoparticles can control drug release, reduce toxicity and improve therapeutic effects. In this paper, the basic characteristics of silk fibroin, the preparation methods of drug-loaded silk fibroin nanoparticles and the application of silk fibroin in nanoparticulate drug delivery systems are reviewed, and on this basis, the further development of drug-loaded silk fibroin nanoparticles is prospected.

Diagnostic Errors ; Epilepsy ; diagnosis ; Ethylene Dichlorides ; poisoning ; Humans ; Male ; Young Adult

Objective To investigate the feasibility and safety of modified percutaneous left atrial appendage occlusion (PLAAO) under transthoracic echocardiographic (TTE) guidance without general anesthesia instead of transesophageal echocardiographic guidance.Methods A total of 14 patients who met the inclusion criteria underwent modified PLAAO guided by TTE instead of TEE without general anesthesia.Regular clinical follow-up observations of PLAAO-related major adverse events were done in the perioperative period.Results All patients were successfully implanted with left atrial appendage occluder device (Watchman) without device-related serious complications.Immediately occlusion success rate was 100％.No major adverse events occurred during hospitalization and follow-up.The mean operation time was 108 ± 22 min(range 75-150 min)and the mean radiation exposure time was 15.8 ± 7.6 min(range 8-32 min).Conclusion Modified PLAAO guided by TTE instead of TEE without general anesthesia may be safe and effective.This method simplifies the operation process and is favorable for PLAAO application.But this modified PLAAO is still needed to be validated in more patients.

Objective:Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are resistant to chemotherapy. Our study aimed to investigate the stem cell-like proper-ties of doxorubicin-resistant osteosarcoma cell line 143B and its correlation with Notch signaling. Methods:We generated doxorubicin-resistant osteosarcoma cells by treating them with 2μm doxorubicin. Stem cell-like properties such as morphology change, Stro-1/CD117 double positive ratio, stem cell-related gene expression, sphere formation efficiency, and EMT character were assessed on day 5 after doxorubicin withdrawal. Notch receptor and its target genes were examined using qPCR and Western blot analysis. The stem cell-like properties of doxorubicin-resistant osteosarcoma cells were assessed when pretreated with Notch inhibitor or vehicle. The an-ti-tumor effect of Notch inhibitor was tested using a xenograft model. Results:Doxorubicin-resistant osteosarcoma cells were enriched in Stro-1+/CD117+cells, which showed obvious increased expression of stem cell-related genes, and exhibited enhanced spheroid for-mation and evident mesenchymal characteristics unlike doxorubicin-sensitive cells. qPCR and Western blot assays showed that Notch intracellular domain 1 (NICD1) and target genes Hes1 and Hey1 were upregulated in doxorubicin-resistant osteosarcoma stem cells compared with those in vehicle cells. Furthermore, pretreatment with a γ-secretase inhibitor (GSI) to prevent Notch signaling en-hanced chemo-sensitivity and inhibited doxorubicin-enriched osteosarcoma stem cell activity in vitro. Finally, the Notch inhibitor pre-vented tumor growth in mice xenograft models. Conclusion: Doxorubicin induced the enrichment of osteosarcoma stem-like cells through Notch signaling, and inactivation of Notch could be useful for overcoming drug resistance and eliminating osteosarcoma.

Objective To investigate the effect of in vitro high glucose stimulation on the expression of adiponectin receptor (adipoR) in human kidney proximal tubular cells.Methods The HK-2 cells were cultured in the low glucose DMEM culture medium containing 10% fetal bovine serum until the cells were adherent and 80% confluence. After cultured in the serum-free DMEM for 24 hours, these cells were stimulated with glucose-containing 1mg/ml, 2mg/ml, 4mg / ml, 6mg/ml, 8mg/ml serum-free DMEM for 48 hours. Then RT-PCR and western blot were used to analyze adipoR ( R1, R2) expression levels. The HK-2 cells were cultured respectively in high glucose (4mg/ml) , low glucose (1mg/ml) DMEM culture medium containing 10% fetal bovine serum to cultivate 0h, 12h, 24h, 48h, 72h, 96h, then RT - PCR was applied to analyze adipoR (R1, R2) mRNA expression levels semi-quantitatively. Results Two kinds of adiponectin receptor gene were both expressed in HK-2 cells, and the quantity of gene expression of adipoR1 (0. 63 ±0. 12) was 3. 9 times to adipoR2 (0. 16 ±0.03) , the difference was statistically significant ( P<0. 01). The different concentrations of glucose and different time of high glucose on HK-2 cells had no significant effect ( P>0. 05 ) on adipoR gene expression. Expression of adipoR 1 protein in HK-2 cells was detected by western blot, and it was not affected by glucose concentration ( P>0. 05).Conclusion adi-poR1 and adipoR2 gene were both expressed in HK-2 cells, and the adipoR1 was the major one, which suggested that adipoR1 played a more significant role in kidney disease. The expression of adipoRl/R2 of HK-2 cells was not affected by high glucose concentration.