Ectopic spontaneous activity originated from the injured dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons in rats was recorded through single dorsal root fiber. The firing patterns induced by veratridine and aconitine, inhibitors of inactivation gate of sodium channel operating on different binding sites, were compared. In the same neuron, veratridine (1.5 approximately 5.0 micromol/L) caused slow wave oscillations of interspike intervals (ISIs), while aconitine (10 approximately 200 micromol/L) caused tonic firing. Moreover, even if the background firing patterns were various and the reagent concentrations used were different, veratridine and aconitine still induced slow wave oscillations and tonic firing patterns, respectively. The results suggest that veratridine and aconitine induce different firing patterns in injured DRG neurons, which may relate to their inhibitory effects on different binding sites of the sodium channel.
Aconitine ; pharmacology ; Animals ; Electrophysiological Phenomena ; physiology ; Female ; Ganglia, Spinal ; injuries ; physiopathology ; Male ; Neurons ; pathology ; physiology ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Sodium Channel Agonists ; Sodium Channels ; physiology ; Veratridine ; pharmacology

OBJECTIVETo study effects of strengthening exercise with strong tendon on the lumbosacral multifidus muscle.

METHODSAmong 30 healthy volunteers, there were 21 males and 9 females, with an average age of(31.30±6.48) years old(ranged, 25 to 55 years old). The mean BMI was (21.70±1.95) kg/m²(ranged, 18.1 to 24.9 kg/m²). The ultrasonic image was used to analyze the thickness of lumbosacral multifidus(LM) under the follow conditions: supine position, and supine position with leg lifting 30°, 60°, 90°; seat and hip flexion, flexion to limit position, front to limit position with both hands climbing and strengthening the kidneys and the waist.

RESULTSThe average lumbosacral multifidus thickness was (16.867±2.460) mm, (19.010±2.510) mm, (22.477±2.220) mm, and(27.593±2.370) mm respectively in supine position with leg lifting 0°, 30°, 60°, 90°. There were statistical differences(=423.619,<0.05). The average lumbosacral multifidus thickness was (25.810±2.440) mm, (15.677±2.130) mm, and (15.533±2.110) mm respectively in seat and hip flexion, flexion to limit, front to limit positions with both hands climbing and strengthening the kidneys and the waist. There were statistical differences(=597.789,<0.05).

CONCLUSIONSWhen healthy volunteers in Shi's Orthopedics strengthen muscle exercises training, multifidus thickness is increased with the increasing of leg degree, reduced with the increasing of the flexion degree. It can change the stretching state of multifidus muscle by a specific training, so as to achieve the purpose of training the multifidus muscle.

Veratridine, a blocker of inactive gate of sodium channel, was used to perfuse L5 dorsal root ganglion (DRG) topically. Afferent activities of type A single fiber from these DRGs were recorded. It was found that after a 10-min bath of veratridine (1.8-3 micromol/L), some of the primary silent DRG neurons were triggered by touch or pressure on the receptive fields or by electrical stimulation of the sciatic nerve to produce high-frequency firing, which was termed triggered oscillation presenting a U-type of interspike intervals (ISI) or other types of oscillations. The longer the intervals between stimulating pulses, the more stimulating pulses were needed to trigger the oscillation. The oscillation, triggered by electric stimuli with different duration or patterns, had no significant difference in their patterns. The duration of the inhibitory period after a triggered oscillation was generally 30-90 s. It was also observed that this kind of triggered oscillation was induced by afferent pulses of the same neurons. These results suggest that triggered oscillation, which may contribute to the fit of triggered pain, can be produced in primary sensory neurons after application of veratridine.
Action Potentials ; physiology ; Animals ; Female ; Ganglia, Spinal ; cytology ; drug effects ; Male ; Neurons, Afferent ; physiology ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Sodium Channel Blockers ; pharmacology ; Veratridine ; pharmacology

Objective To explore the influence to nursing efficiency using exposed wound care ( EWC) at different time point after finger replantation. Methods 60S patients after finger replantation were recruited according to selection criteria and were randomly divided into 4 groups. 136 cases in group A were treated with EWC without gauze dressing cover 1 to 2 hours after operation. 183 cases in group B were treated with EWC 6 to 8 hours after operation. 159 cases group C were treated with EWC 12 to 24 hours after operation. 127 cases in group D were treated with gauze dresssing cover all the time until taking the stiches out ( 14 days). Blood circulation, wound infection, finger survival rate, medical costs were observed and compared among 4 groups. Results Compared with the other 3 groups, group B had better outcomes including blood circulation, wound infection, survival rate and medical costs of replanted finger. The EWC therapy could decrease expenditures of inpatient, length of stay, and incidence of complications. Conclusions The EWC therapy should be used 6 to 8 hours after operation when dressing oozing did not dry completely. That therapy can decrease the incidence of blood vessel crisis of replanted finger, reduce medical expenditures and improve survival rate of replanted finger.

Objective To explore the rehabilitation effect of mapping method on the rehabilitation training among around the Knee Joint Fracture patients.Methods The clinical data were retrospectively analyzed and compared from 90 cases with knee fractures between July 2011 and December 2011,who were treated with operation.Forty-five patients who injuried between October and December were as experimental group that received routine nursing and the health education by mapping method and other 45 cases were as control group that only received routine nursing.Rehabilitation effect indexes that we observed were HSS score and compliance.Results After 12 weeks of operation,the HSS score of experimental group was significantly higher than that of control group [(84.3 ± 3.8) vs (76.8 ± 4.3); t =8.77,P ＜ 0.01].And significant difference was found in the patients' compliance (U =53.10,P ＜ 0.01)and the rank of HSS score between experimental group and control group (x2 =8.0,P ＜ 0.01).Conclusions Good clinical outcomes could be obtained with mapping nursing.

Objective To observe the effect and safety of intravenous morphine and epidural combination of morphine and bupivacaine in children after pelvic triple osteotomy and discuss postoperative nursing methods.Methods 48 children who had received pelvic triple osteotomy from January 2011 to March 2012 in Shanghai 6th Hospital were chosen and randomly divided into the intravenous morphine group (Group A),epidural combination of morphine and bupivacaine group (Group B) and the control group (Group C).OPS was used to record analgesic effect 2,4,8,12,24 and 48 hours after operation as well as the incidence rate of adverse events.Results There were no statistically significant differences in analgesic effect 4,8,12,24 and 48 hours after operation between Group A and Group B (x2 =1.000,0.356,0.356,1.000,1.000,respectively;P ＞0.05).And the effect in both groups were obviously better in that in Group C (P ＜0.05).The incidence rate of adverse events was 81.2％ in Group A,12.5％ in Group B,50.5％ in Group C,and the differences were statistically significant (z =14.877,P ＜ 0.01).The rate in Group A was higher than that in both Group B and Group C,and the differences were statistically significant (x2 =14.710,5.073,respectively;P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions Epidural combination of morphine and bupivacaine has better analgesic effect on children after pelvic triple osteotomy and lower incidence rate of adverse events.Nurses should provide safe and effective analgesic nursing to promote their recovery and improve the satisfaction rate of children and their parents.

BACKGROUNDHelicobacter pylori (H. pylori) frequently colonizes the stomach. Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a common and costly disease. But the relationship of H. pylori and GERD is still unclear. This study aimed to explore the effect of H. pylori and its eradication on reflux esophagitis therapy.

METHODSPatients diagnosed with reflux esophagitis by endoscopy were enrolled; based on rapid urease test and Warth-Starry stain, they were divided into H. pylori positive and negative groups. H. pylori positive patients were randomly given H. pylori eradication treatment for 10 days, then esomeprazole 20 mg bid for 46 days. The other patients received esomeprazole 20 mg bid therapy for 8 weeks. After treatment, three patient groups were obtained: H. pylori positive eradicated, H. pylori positive uneradicated, and H. pylori negative. Before and after therapy, reflux symptoms were scored and compared. Healing rates were compared among groups. The χ2 test and t-test were used, respectively, for enumeration and measurement data.

RESULTSThere were 176 H. pylori positive (with 92 eradication cases) and 180 negative cases. Healing rates in the H. pylori positive eradicated and H. pylori positive uneradicated groups reached 80.4% and 79.8% (P = 0.911), with reflux symptom scores of 0.22 and 0.14 (P = 0.588). Healing rates of esophagitis in the H. pylori positive uneradicated and H. pylori negative groups were, respectively, 79.8% and 82.2% (P = 0.848); reflux symptom scores were 0.14 and 0.21 (P = 0.546).

CONCLUSIONSBased on esomeprazole therapy, H. pylori infection and eradication have no significant effect on reflux esophagitis therapy.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Amoxicillin ; therapeutic use ; Esomeprazole ; therapeutic use ; Esophagitis, Peptic ; drug therapy ; etiology ; microbiology ; Female ; Gastroesophageal Reflux ; drug therapy ; etiology ; microbiology ; Helicobacter Infections ; complications ; drug therapy ; Helicobacter pylori ; drug effects ; pathogenicity ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Tinidazole ; therapeutic use ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the quality of life (QOL) in the patients with chronic hepatitis C (CHC) after PEG-Interferon a-2a therapy.

METHODSA study based on 102 CHC patients (group A, before PEG- Interferon a-2a therapy, T0) and 44 healthy persons (group B) was carried out using the general quality of life inventory (GQOLI-74) questionnaire, and QOL were compared between the two groups. Patients in group A were divided into subgroup A1 (72 patients ) which was given PEG-Interferon a-2a plus Ribavirin for one year and subgroup A2 (30 patients) without any antivirus therapy. QOL of patients in these two subgroups was investigated using GQOLI-74 questionnaire on the end of PEG-Interferon a-2a plus Ribavirin therapy (T1) and half one year after the end of PEG-Interferon a-2a plus Ribavirin therapy (T2). QOL of CHC patients (group A1 and A2) were compared at T0, T1 and T2, respectively.

RESULTSCompared with group B, patients in group A had lower QOL (P < 0.05) on other scales and total scores of the GQOLI-74 questionnaire except psychological function(P > 0.05). Both on T1 and T2, patients in subgroup A1 had higher QOL on physical function, psychological function, social function and total scores than patients in subgroup A2 at the same time (P < 0.05). Patients in subgroup A1 at T1 had higher QOL on physical function, psychological function, social function and total scores than at T0 (P < 0.05). Patients in subgroup A1 at T2 had higher QOL on social function than that at T1 (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSQOL of CHC patients is more impaired than healthy persons. PEG-Interferon a-2a therapy will improve the QOL.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Antiviral Agents ; therapeutic use ; Case-Control Studies ; Female ; Hepatitis C, Chronic ; drug therapy ; Humans ; Interferon-alpha ; therapeutic use ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Polyethylene Glycols ; therapeutic use ; Quality of Life ; Recombinant Proteins ; therapeutic use ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo evaluate protective effect of minocycline,a semisynthetic tetracycline derivative on different traumatic brain injuries in rats and mice.

METHODSThe opened brain trauma was induced in rats and the closed head injury and cold brain injury were induced in mice. In 3 brain trauma models, minocycline (45 mg/kg, ip) was administered twice daily for 2 d before the operation, at 30 min before and 1 h after the operation, and once daily for 2 d following the operation (totally 8 doses in 5 d). After the operation, the behavioral alteration was observed daily, lesion area and survival neuron density were measured at the end of the experiments (14 d after the injuries).

RESULTFor rat opened traumatic injury, minocycline promoted the recovery of hindlimb motor activity (inclined board angle), but did not alter other indexes. For mouse closed head traumatic injury, minocycline reduced the neuron loss, but did not improve behavioral dysfunction. For mouse cold injury-induced trauma, minocycline reduced death rate and lesion area, but did not remarkably improve behavior and neuron loss.

CONCLUSIONMinocycline only has an incomplete neuroprotective effect on different brain traumatic injuries in rats and mice.

Animals ; Brain Injuries ; drug therapy ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred ICR ; Minocycline ; therapeutic use ; Neuroprotective Agents ; therapeutic use ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

Objective In this randomized,open-label,multicenter,angiographic trial,we compared the efficacy and safety of tenecteplase(TNK-tPA)with alteplase(rt-PA)in Chinese patients with acute myocardial infarction.Method Patients with acute ST-elevation myocardial infarction and pain to hospital time within 6 hours from October 2002,to March 2004 were randomly assigned a body weight adjusted bolus of TNK-tPA(0.53 ms/kg over more than 10 s,n=58) or front loaded rt-PA(≤100 mg,n=52).Coronary angeography was performed at 90 min after initiating study drugs.All patients received aspirin and heparin(target activated partial thromboplastin time:50-70 s).The primary end point of the trial was the rate of TIMI grade 3 flow at 90 minutes.Other end points included the rate of TIMI grade 2/3 flow at 90 minutes,all cause mortality at 30 days,the moderate/severe hemorrhage without intracranial hemorrhage(ICH) and ICH within 30 days.Results TIMI grade 3 flow at 90 minutes(68.4%vs.66.7%,P=1.00),TIMI grade 2 or 3 at 90 minutes(89.5%vs.80.4%,P=0.278).total mortality at 30 days(13.8%vs.9.6%,P=0.565),the rate of moderate/severe hemorrhage(8.6%vs.5.8%,P=0.72)and incidence of ICH(3.5%vs.1.9%.P=1.00)were all similar in TNK-tPA treated patients compared to rt-PA treated patients.Conclusion The efficacy of single-bolus,weight-adjusted TNK-tPA fibrinolytic regimen is equivalent to front-loaded alteplase in terms of the rates of TIMI grade 3 flow,TIMI 2 or 3 flow.Incidences of moderate/severe hemorrhage,ICH and 30-days mortality were similar in TNK-tPA and rt-PA treated patients.