Objective To assess the risk of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and analyze its out‐come by studying the abnormal ECG presentations in AMI patients .Methods The clinical data and ECG presentations of 381 AMI patients were retrospectively analyzed .The abnrmal ECG presentations and the mortalty were comparatively analyzed in AMI patients with multiple lead pathological Q wave ,elevated ST‐segment ,atrial fibrillation (AF) ,bundle branch conduction block ,cardiogenic shock ,and heart failure .Results T he incidence of cardiogenic shock ,heart fail‐ure and the mortality were significantly higher in patients with multiple lead pathological Q wave than in those without multiple lead pathological Q wave (58 .1% vs 21 .4% ,54 .3% vs 23.2% , 40.0% vs 6 .5% ,P<0 .05) and in patients with abnormal presentations such as elevated ST‐seg‐ment and AF than in those without abnormal ECG presentations (P<0 .05 ,P<0 .01) .Conclusion Abnormal ECG presentations ,such as multiple lead pathological Q wave ,can be used as the evi‐dence for the risk and outcome of AMI .

In this study we found: 1\, There was endogenous ONOO- formation in lungs in the early stage of endotoxic shock. Exogenous ONOO- led to increase in microvascular permeability, severe lung pathological changes and enhanced MDA content. 2\, It was, for the first time, found that responses of isolated pulmonary artery preincubated with ONOO- showed abnormal manifestations. (1) Low dose of ONOO- let to the inhibition of endothelial dependent relaxation, but enhacement of contractile response, both of which were similar to changes of reactivity in isolated pulmonary artery induced by LPS. (2) High dose of ONOO- reduced contractile response to PE and relaxation to SNP. 3\, ONOO- had direct effect for relaxation of precontracted isolated pulmonary artery. The relaxing action of ONOO- was weak and was negtively regulated by endothelial cells, supporting the notion that ONOO- may be involved in pulmonary hypertension in the early stage of endotoxic shock. 4\, It was, for the first time, found that LPS-induced increase in endogenous ONOO- generation in BPAEC and that endogenous ONOO- mediated injury to BPAEC induced by LPS, which may be a novel mechanism for endotoxin-elicited damage to endothelial cells. 5\, Exposure of pulmonary artery to LPS led to reduction in endothelial dependent relaxation but enhancement in contractile response, both of which were reversed by concomitant exposure to CCK and LPS. 6\, CCK protected cultured BPAEC against the detrimental effects of LPS such as lipoperoxide damages and cellular apoptosis as well as LPS-induced endogenous ONOO- formation. The underlying mechanism of CCK for cytoprotection may be mediated by its receptors and related to its reduced ability of endothelia to generate ONOO- induced by LPS.

This experiment, using cultured bovine pulmonary artery endothelial cells (BPAEC), was undertaken to investigate roles of endogenous ONOO- in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-caused injury to endothelial cells. The fluorescent intensity of nitrotyrosine (NT), a marker of ONOO- generation, in BPAEC represented content of endogenous ONOO- generation. The fluorescent intensity of NT and number of NT positive cells were detected with flow cytometry, and the percentage of NT positive cells was calculated. Results were as follows. (1) LPS (1 mg/L, 5 mg/L and 10 mg/L) caused marked increase in fluorescent intensity of NT in a dose dependent manner. The number and percentage of NT positive cells were markedly increased (P＜0.05). Aminoguanidine (AG), a selective inhibitor of inducible nitric oxide synthase, inhibited the increase in fluorescent intensity of NT in BPAEC induced by LPS. However, the number and percentage of NT positive cells had tendency to reduce. (2) LPS caused the enhancement of MDA content and activity of LDH in cultured supernatant (P＜0.01). AG reversed the enhancement of MDA content induced by LPS (P＜0.01). In contrast, AG had marginal effect on activity of LDH. (3) LPS induced the increase in apoptotic rate in BPAEC in a dose dependent manner. Some BPAEC stained with fluorescent probe ethidium bromide showed morphological features of apoptosis with chromatin condensation and nuclear fragmentation. AG reduced the apoptotic rate and number of apoptotic cells, both of which were still higher than those of vehicle group (P＜0.05). (4) LPS inhibited mitochondrial respiration. Effect of LPS on mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨ) depended on the doses of LPS. 1 mg/L LPS led to a little increase in ΔΨ, while 5 mg/L and 10 mg/L LPS significantly reduced ΔΨ. In conclusion, LPS caused injury to cultured BPAEC and increased production of ONOO-. Cytotoxicity of LPS may be mediated by endogenous ONOO-.

Our previous experiments confirmed that endothelial derived ONOO- mediated injury to cultured BPAEC induced by LPS, and that CCK protected endothelial functions against the detrimental effect of LPS in vitro. In the present study, using cultured BPAEC, we investigated effect of CCK on LPS-induced generation of ONOO- in BPAEC and on injury to BPAEC induced by LPS. Results were as follows.(1)CCK inhibited increase in endothelial generation of ONOO- induced by LPS, for fluorescent intensity of NT in BPAEC reduced from (6.55±0.30) AU of LPS group to (4.37±0.08) AU (P＜0.01), the latter being still higher than (3.27±0.15) AU of vehicle group (P＜0.01). In contrast, the number and percentage of NT positive cells reduced a little. Proglumide, a nonspecific inhibitor of CCK receptors, might in part reverse the effect of CCK. (2)CCK markedly reduced MDA content in supernatant in LPS group (P＜0.01), which was completely reversed by proglumide(P＜0.01). Activities of LDH in supernatant in LPS, LPS+CCK group were (85.30±8.66) U/L and (71.33±4.07) U/L, respectively. Proglumide elicited increase in activity of LDH ［(81.00±6.35) U/L］. However, effect of CCK or proglumide was not significant in the alterations of activity of LDH. (3)CCK significantly inhibited increase in apoptotic rate in BPAEC induced by LPS, from 13.50%±0.60% of LPS group to 5.35%±0.25%(P＜0.001), the latter being completely reversed by proglumide with apoptotic rate of 11.45%±0.65%(P＜0.05).These results further confirmed that CCK afforded the cyoprotection for the mitigation lipoperoxide damage and inhibition of apoptosis in BPAEC induced by LPS. The cytoprotection of CCK may be mediated by CCK receptors and related to the reductive ability of endothelia to generate ONOO- induced by LPS.

Conditions for the preparation of apricot kernel oil emulsion were studied. The experimental results showed that with the use of S15 Emulphor as the main emulsifier,at a temperature of 40~60℃,and agitated for three times at a speed of 1000~1200r/min,the resulted oil in water apricot kernel oil emulsion had a satisfactory stability,with disperse phase particle size of ≤10?m and easily absorbable by human body.

Objective To translate the Venous Leg Ulcer Quality of life Questionnaire (VLU-QoL) into Chinese and evaluate the reliability and validity of Chinese version.Methods VLU-QoL was translated into Chinese according to the standards setted by ISPOR.Totally 232 patients with venous leg ulcer were recruited and investigated by the Chinese version of VLU-QoL.Results The Chinese version of VLU-QoL comprised 34 items,Cronbach α was 0.940,inter-rater reliability was 0.841;test-retest reliability was 0.825.I-CVI was 0.83-1.00,S-CVI/Ave was 0.955;Criterion-related validity were 0.714 and 0.541;factor analysis got 3 factors,which explained 54.367％ of the total variance.Conclusions The Chinese version of VLU-QoL has been proved to be reliable and valid.It can be used as a valid tool for the measurement of quality of life for patients with venous leg ulcer.

AIM:To study the effect of Hirudo on level of Endothelin-1(ET-1),kidney structure and function in diabetic nephyropathy(DN) rats. METHODS: STZ-induced DN rats were randomly divided into four groups: model group,Hirudo(17.5 g/kg,8.75 g/kg) treatment group,and captopril group,in addition,normal rats for control group.All rats were given by ig for 6 weeks.Kidney function and kidney index(kidney weight/body weight) were determined,the level of ET-1 was determined by Radioimmunoassay,the expression of ET-1 in the kidney tissue by immunohistochemicai,and kidney tissue was observed by lightmicroscope and transmission electron microscope. RESULTS: The level and expression of ET-1,kidney index in DN rats significantly increased.The level and expression of ET-1 markedly decreased in Hirudo treatment group,and kidney pathologic changes of DN rats in Hirudo treatment group were improved. CONCLUSION: Hirudo can ameliorate early kidney hyperdynamic abnormality in DN rats,possess protective effect on kidney of DN rats,whose mechanism may be associated partly with a down-regulation of levels and expression of ET-1.

Objective:To study the association between rs2235371,rs2013162,rs2235377 SNPs in interferon regulatory factor 6 (IRF6)gene and non-syndromic cleft lip with or without cleft palate(NSCL/P)in Xinjiang Uyghur population.Methods:100 Uyghur NSCL/P patients from Xinjiang were included in the case group and 60 Uyghur inpatients with upper respiratory tract infection were se-lected in the control group.Next,generation sequencing was used,DNA sequencing results were compared with the information on the genome database and genetic analysis were made.Results:There were no significant differences in the frequency distribution of both genotypes and alles when the cases were campared with the controls at the rs2235371,rs2013162 and rs2235377 loci(P >0.05). Above three loci were located in the same block,rs2235371 and rs2235377 loci presents the strong linkage disequilibrium(r2 =0.949, D'=0.974).Possible haplotypes were:CCT >CAT >TAC,and there was no significant difference between the cases and controls in haplotype distribution(P >0.05).Conclusion:Polymorphisms of rs2235371,rs2013162 and rs2235377 in IRF6 gene may be associ-ated with NSCL/P in Xinjiang Uygur people.

Objective To investigate the principle and its clinical initial application of the dual-energy imaging with the dual-source CT and increase the realization of it. Methods According to the research results of the dual-energy imaging with the dual-source CT and the course of development of the dual-energy imaging to analyze and summarize the basis radiological physics, the principles, the correlation parameters and the clinical initial application of the dual -energy imaging with the dual -source CT. Results The dual -energy imaging with the dual -source CT is different from other common dual-energy imaging, it has its own special feature. Conclusion According to the analysis of the dual-energy imaging with the dual-source CT, greatly increase the realization of the dual-energy imaging with the dual-source CT.

Objective To improve the diagnostic accurate rate by studying best values of chest posterior-anterior digital medical images in soft-copy reading. Methods 100 normal adults’ chest posterior-anterior digital medical images in recent 10 days in our hospital were randomly chosen. Five specialists of our department were invited to see these images by soft-copy reading and the best WW/WL values of different parts of the chest they selected were recorded. All the data were analyzed in statistics and the best WW/WL was got. Results The best WW/WL values of soft tissues of chest wall were 2 083/4 840,ribs 2 667/4 908,lung fiber 2 067/4 960,hilum of lung 1 848/5 130,heart and large vessels 2 206/5 438,mediastinum and diaphragm 2 180/5 530,thoracic vertebrae 1 471/5 801,ribs that covered by heart and diaphragm1 428/5 975. Conclusion Different parts in chest poster -anterior digital medical images need special WW/WL in soft-copy reading for better diagnosis of images.