Objective: To observed the efects of estrogen and wall-shear stress alone or in combination on the proliferation and function of rat osteoblast in vitro. Methods: Isolated and purified osteoblast from the calvaria of newborn SD rats were cultured and passaged.The cells of passes three to four were treated with 0.1 nmol/L estrogen (goup E),wall-shear stress at 80 r/min (group WSS) or 0.1 nmol/L combined with wall-sher stress at 80 r/min (group EWSS) respectively.Cell proliferation was studied by MTT assay and alkline phosphatase (ALP ) by a ALP test kit. Results: Both the estrogen and wall-shear stress alone caused the increase of cells proliferation and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity.But long period of wall-shear stress decreased the cell proliferation.Wall-shear stress increased ALP activity more quickly and more remarkably than the estrogen did.The combination of estrogen and wall-shear stress increased the cell proliferation and the ALP activity.In the early stage (6～24 h) of the cell proliferation, the combination functioned synergicly.The combination functioned antagonistically on ALP from 6 to 12 h while synergicly after 12 h. Conclusion: Estrogen and wall-shear stress can elevate the cell proliferation, ALP activity of osteoblasts in vitro.

Prader-Willi syndrome( PWS) is a type of genetic disease,which is associated with low mus-cle tone,growth and development,progressive fatal obesity and sleep related respiratory disorders(SRBD). Ob-structive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome( OSAHS) is the most common type of SRBD. The cause,influencing factors and treatment of OSAHS in patients with PWS are described in this paper. To understand the degree of OSAHS in children with PWS,the polysomnography is recommended.

Objective To evaluate the relationship of serum thrombospondin?1(TSP?1)with the micro?inflammation in maintenance hemodialysis(MHD),and to explore its clinical prognosis value in the MHD patients. Methods A total of 84 MHD patients in our hospital were enrolled and prospectively followed for 2 years. The serum levels of TSP?1 and clinical inflammatory markers were detected. Patients were divided into groups according to different serum TSP?1 levels. The clinical inflammatory markers were detected by using ELISA analysis. Pearson simple correlation analysis method was applied to analyze the correlation between TSP?1 levels and inflammation related indicators. At the same time the prognosis and turnover of MHD patients was analyzed by using Kaplan Meier survival curve and survival rate was compared by Deleted:compared log?rank test. Cox regression analysis was used to calculate the hazard ratio (HR) and Deleted:using 95% confidence interval (CI). Results The indexes of blood lipid and inflammatory factors in the TSP?1 high?level groups were higher than that in TSP?1 low?level groups (P<0.05). Correlation analysis showed that the serum TSP?1 level was positively correlated with the serum lipid and inflammatory factors. Survival curve analysis showed that the mortality rate of TSP?1 high?level group was higher than that of TSP?1 low?level groups. Cox hazards analysis revealed that the patients with high?level TSP?1 had a higher risk for mortality than these TSP?1 low?level patients. This predictive value still existed after multivariate adjustment for age,blood lipid,serum albumin and other factors (P < 0.001). Conclusion The serum TSP?1 levels were associated with micro?inflammation and had a significant value in predicating the prognosis of MHD patients.

Objective To learn about polysomnography (PSG) of the patients with spinal muscular atrophy (SMA),and the improvement of the moderate-severe sleep disordered breathing(SDB) patients after non-invasive ventilation (NIV) treatment.Methods The PSG examination of 11 SMA patients in Children′s Hospital Affiliated to Capital Institute of Pediatrics was performed.The PSG results and the levels of breathing disorder of these patients were collected.These patients were divided into 2 groups as follows.The mild group:apnea hypopnea index(AHI) was between 5 to 10 times/h,or average pulse oxygen saturation(SpO2)>95%;the moderate-severe group:AHI>10 times/h,and average SpO2≤95%.The moderate-severe levels of the patients were treated with NIV.Then the improvement of PSG after the treatment was evaluated.Results Within the 2 cases of type 1 SMA,1 was moderate-severe,the other 1 was mild.There were 2 cases moderate-severer and 6 cases mild SDB cases of type 2 SMA.The only 1 case of type 3 was categorized as mild disorder.The average hypopnea index(6.3 times/h) was higher than apnea index(4.9 times/h).The indicators to distinguish the moderate-severe and mild groups were as follows:AHI,average SpO2,hypopnea index,and arousal index associated with respiratory case,and there were statistically significant differences(all P<0.05).Significant improvement in PSG of the 3 NIV-treated patients was observed and it remained in normal range.The following indicators also remarkably improved after NIV treatment were hypopnea index [(1.5±0.1) times/h vs.(11.5±4.6) times/h,t=3.741,P<0.05],AHI [(2.4±1.1) times/h vs.(17.4±8.1) times/h,t=3.196,P<0.05],and average SpO2 [(96.7±0.6)% vs.(94.3±1.2)%,t=-3.130,P<0.05].Conclusions There are different levels of SDB within SMA patients.The major characteristic of SMA patients is hypopnea.There are more moderate-severer SDB in type 1 than those in type 2.The average SpO2,arousal index associated with respiratory incidents,AHI,and hypopnea index can reflect the levels of SDB of SMA patients.Besides,the results indicate NIV treatment can significantly improve SDB of SMA patients.

At present, electron microscopy has played a more and more important role in the field of medicine.It is often used in the ultrastructure observation of various systems, mechanism research and clinical diagnosis of diseases.The role of electron microscopy in the etiological diagnosis of respiratory tract infection cannot be ignored, but its related review is less.By using electron microscopy, the morphological characteristics of respiratory tract pathogens can be accurately observed and the new respiratory tract infection pathogens can be classified and screened.In addition, through the combination of samples with patients′ serum and observation of immuno-electron microscopy, the host response to pathogens can also be understood.However, due to the high equipment requirements, technical difficulties, complex operation and other factors, electron microscopy is rarely used in conventional etiological diagnosis, and more used in laboratory basic research.In this paper, the advantages, disadvantages and significance of electron microscopy in the etiological diagnosis of respiratory tract are reviewed.

AIM and METHODS:To investigate the effect of L-arginine -nitric oxide pathway on patients with essential hypertension via hemodynamics and neuroendocrinology. 24 essential hypertension patients were randomly divided into two groups, group I was given L-Arg, and groups Ⅱ was given normal saline as control. Blood pressure, heart rate, heart funtion, nitric oxide, angiotensinⅡ, endothelin, thromboxane A 2 and prostacyline were measure in all patients. RESULTS: In group Ⅰ arterial pressure decreased, heart rate increased, cardial output, systolic volume and eject fraction increased, total peripheral resistance decreased. NO and PGI 2 levels were inceased. But at 80 min , with NO concentration decreased, SBP,DBP were increased, TPR, FT and AngⅡ were also increased. While HR, CO, SV and EF were decreased. However TXA 2 and PGI 2 showed not much change. CONCLUSION: Exogenous L-arginine produced a vasodilatory effect by increasing NO production ,caused the change of other hemodynamic function . It also indirectly changed plasma ET, AngⅡlevels by negative feed-back and suppressed the accumulation of platelet.

Objective To investigate the effects of propofol on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced brain injury in rats.Methods Fifty-four pathogen-free SD rats of both sexes, aged 6 weeks, weighing 200-250 g, were randomly divided into 3 groups: control group (group C, n = 6) ; LPS group (group L, n = 24) ; propofol group (group P, n = 24) . Brain injury was produced by injection of LPS 1 mg/kg via the left internal carotid artery in L and P groups. Propofol 100 mg/kg was injected intraperitonealry immediately after the LPS administration in group P, while the equal volume of normal saline was given instead of propofol in group L. The equal volume of normal saline was given instead of LPS and propofol in group C. Six rats in each group were sacrificed and the brain tissues were immediately removed at 24 h after intraperitoneal administration in group C, and at 6, 24, 48 and 72 h after intraperitoneal administration in L and P groups for determination of brain water content, high-mobility group box 1 ( HMGB1) expression and NF-κB activity, and microscopic examination. Results The brain water content and NF-kB activity were significantly increased, and HMGB1 expression was up-regulated in group L as compared to group C (P ＜ 0.05) . The brain water content, expression of HMGB1 and NF-kB activity were significantly lower in group P than in group L ( P ＜ 0.05) . The microscopic examination showed that brain injury was attenuated in group P compared with group L. The brain water content was positively correlated with the HMGB1 expression and NF- κB activity (r = 0.692 and 0.769 respectively, P ＜ 0.05). Conclusion Propofol can reduce the LPS- induced brain injury by reducing inflammatory response of the brain tissues.

51 cases of osteoporosis were put on clinical trial in our OPD and randomly assigned to TCM treatment group (N = 17), TCM control group and blank group. The total effective rate in the TCM treatment group obtained was 94. 1% and the significantly effective rate achieved 88. 2%. After the treatment, the density of the osseous tissue increased by 3-4%, main symptoms improved markedly, the serum calcium increased and the urine pyridine phenol decreased. All the findings were superior than that in the rest two groups. This composite is effective and safe (no side reactions) and worth put into large sale production.

Objective To investigate the effects of mindfulness training on cancer related fatigue (CRF) in patients with breast cancer .Methods Two hundreds young and middle‐aged patients with breast cancer receiving chemotherapy in our hospital from January to June 2015 were divided into the observation group and control group ,100 cases in each group .The control group was given the routine nursing ,while on this basis the observation group was given the mindfulness training .The cancer related fa‐tigue status was evaluated according to the CFS scale .The CFS various dimensions and total fatigue scores before and after inter‐vention were compared between the two groups .Results The fatigue status existed in most of patients with breast cancer after chemotherapy ,the occurrence rate of CRF was 97 .0% ,which was dominated by moderate fatigue ,followed by mild fatigue ,severe fatigue was minimal ;the body fatigue ,cognitive fatigue ,emotional fatigue and total fatigue scores in the second time of chemothera‐py had no statistically significant differences between the two groups (P>0 .05);in the fourth and sixth time of chemotherapy ,the body fatigue ,cognitive fatigue ,emotional fatigue and total fatigue scores in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group ,the differences were statistically significant (P<0 .05) .Conclusion The mindfulness training interven‐tion can relieve the fatigue status and improve the living quality of the patient .

The trace elements (Mn, Cu, Zn, Fe) andCalcium, Magnesium in aged person's serum oflong-life area and control area were determined. Itwas found that the contents of Manganese, cop-per, and Calcium of aged person's serum in long-life area were significantly higher than those incontrol area (Manganese and Calcium are essentialelements for health and antiaging, Copper is an es-sential trace element to health). In the long-lifearea the contents of six kinds of elements (Mn,Cu, Zn, Fe, Ca, Mg)in the serum have no signifi-cant distinction between the male aged and thefamle aged. In the long-life area the contents of sixkinds of elements (Mn, Cu, Zn, Fe, Ca, Mg )inaged (61～90) person's serum have no significantincrease or decrease with the increase of age.Judged from serum compositions, the agedperson's serum of the long-life area have a betterspectrum of elements. The relationship betweenthe elements in this experiment and antiaging effect was discussed.