Objective To introduce the technique of metal-on-metal hip resurfacing arthroplasty,evaluate its preliminary clinical results and review the factors which affect the results.Methods From January 2006 to October 2010,104 patients (116 hips) with osteonecrosis of the femoral head,hip osteoarthritis,hip dyplasia,or ankylosing spondylitis were treated with the total hip resurfacing arthroplasty.Among them,59 patients (66 hips) were male,and 45 patients (50 hips) were female,with an average age of 39.7 years (range,16-67 years).Standard operation technique was performed for all patients with Conserve Plus prosthesis.Each patient was followed up at 1 month,3 months,6 months,1 year postoperatively.Results Three patients (4 hips) were lost,so 101 patients (112 hips) were followed up for an average period of 33 months (range,9-66 months).The average Harris hip score was improved significantly from 37.6±6.3 preoperatively to 91.3±5.3 at final follow-up; 104 hips were excellent,7 hips were good,1 hip was poor,and the excellent and good rate was 99.1％.At final follow-up,the average abduction angle of the acetabutar cup was 42.7°(range,36°-55°); the average femoral prothesis stem-shaft angle was 138.5° (range,132°-146°).Two patients presented with heterotopic ossification (Brook Ⅲ and Brook Ⅱ ).One patient presented with prothesis dislocation,which healed after being treated with manual reduction.There was no femoral neck fracture,infection,or prosthesis loosening.Conclusion With strict patient selection criteria and optimized technique,the short-term results of metal-on-metal hip resurfacing arthroplasty are satisfactory.

This study aims to save cost of sampling for estimating the area under the amlodipine plasma concentration versus time curve in 24 hours (AUC(0-24 h)). Limited sampling strategy (LSS) models was developed and validated by mutiple regression model within 4 or fewer amlodipine concentration values. Absolute prediction error (APE), root of mean square error (RMSE) and visual predict check were used as criterion. The results of Jackknife validation showed that fifteen (9.4%) of the 160 LSS based on regression analysis were not within an APE of 15% by using one concentration-time point. 156 (97.5%), 159 (99.4%) and 160 (100%) of the 160 LSS model were capable of predicting within an APE 15% by using 2, 3, 4 points, separately. Limited sampling strategies have been developed and validated for estimating AUC(0-24 h) of amlodipine. The present study indicated that the implemention of both 5 mg and 10 mg dosage could enable accurate predictions of AUC(0-24 h) by the same LSS model. This study shows that 12, 4, 24, 2 h after administration are key sampling time points. The combination of (12, 4), (12, 4, 24) or (12, 4, 24, 2 h) might be chosen as sampling hours for predicting AUC(0-24 h) in practical application according to requirement.

AIM:To be one of the primary cause injury to multiple sites of ocular of glaucoma which affects over 70 million people worldwide. We applied data mining techniques, linear and the matrix operations, efficiently calculated the network and estimated the possible function of the“node” genes of the retina and optic of glaucoma, in order to provide new thought and method on the pathogenesis of glaucoma.
METHODS: The data in this study is from Gene Expression Omnibus ( GEO ) which belong to Nation Center for Biotechnology Information ( NCBI) , the quality of the raw data CEL files was processed and analyzed by the Expression software which belong to Affymetrix Inc. , Santa Clare, CA, USA. Significant analysis method ( SAM) which base on the T test was used to identified the significant genes. Based on GRNInfer and Gvedit soft we set up gene networks of optic and retina of mice and further more enriched analysis which based on DAVID and MAS3. 0 online software were processed.
RESULTS:The analysis between the group of the optic nerve heads and retinas in different stage of glaucoma showed that the amount of significant different expressed genes in the optic never head group increased significantly comparing with the group of retina in the early stage of glaucoma, the analysis of the genes network construction show that:the node genes of optic nerve heads included Unc13c、Kif5a、TRPM1、PANX; and the node genes of retina include POU4F1, NEFL, BC03870, CALB2. Metabolic pathways enrichment analysis which based on MAS3. 0 online platform show that there was mainly the amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, tyrosine metabolism, melanogenesis, Nitrogen metabolism, Gap junction, Leukocyte transendothelial migration metabolism pathway enriched out in optic nerve head; and there was mainly amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, neurodegenerative disorders, prostate cancer, leukocyte transendothelial migration metabolism pathway enriched out in retina.
CONCLUSION:By understanding bioinformatics result, it seems optic were more sensitive than the retina to high intraocular pressure, and weather high expression of TYrp1 gene can be as a sensitive diagnostic item require more evidence back up. Functional enrich analysis of node gene showed that cytoskeleton reconstructed, molecular motor and nutrients transport function improve in optic; and in retina, the most prominent finding in retina was enrichment function modules were focus on regeneration, repairing and differentiation of cells, which remind that we should reinforce research on reparation of retina of primary glaucoma. Metabolic pathways enrichment analysis show that inflammatory response plays prominent place in optic and retina of primary glaucoma, because of the optic narrow and crowed anatomic shape, nutrient metabolism and substances transfer enrichment modules play an important role in optics of primary glaucoma.

Molecular glues are a class of small molecules that induce the formation of protein-protein interactions to confer new biological function or therapeutic effects. As a unique pharmacological modality, molecular glues could target proteins without druggable binding pockets. It exhibits a variety of functions, including regulating signal transduction, stabilization or degradation of targeted proteins, through sticking different proteins together. This review will summarize the development and current status of molecular glues derived from natural products and analogs by illustrating the discovery and interaction mechanism. We hope to present a systematic view, provide valuable clues for researchers and encourage them to explore more efficient and rational molecular glue discovery strategies.

Objective To design a complex hepatitis C vires(HCV)=E1 antigen,and to search its application in HCV vaccine and diagnosis test.Methods Through consulting the database and widely comparison of sequences from HCV E1 of different genotype,the representative immunodominant epitope sequences were selected from all the six genotypes.Their genes were deduced according to the preference codon in E.coli and three fragments were designed to contain the six epitopes.They were chemically synthesized and cloned into pBVIL1 vector separately.The cloned fragments were conjugated together profiting from pBVIL1's property,and then a doubled pan-DR helper T cell epitopes(PADRE)gene was inserted to form a complex expression plasmid.The transformed E.coli cells with this plasmid were cultured and induced to express recombinant protein and the antigenic activity of the product was tested.Results An expressing plasmid containing 8 epitopes from HCV genotype 1a,1b,2a,3a,4a,6a and a doubled PADRE sequences was constructed successfully and the engineering E.coli transformed with this plasmid highly expressed after inducing culture at 42℃ in an inclusion manner.The immunological activity of the purified recombinsnt multi-epitope antigen shows that:(1)It can react with a great part of sera from HCV positive patients by indirect ELISA.(2)It can induce notable specific humoral immunity in injected mice.Conclusion The novel constructed expressing plasmid and its product may be useful in study of a newly HCV vaccine as well as an antigen for HCV immunoassays.

Objective: To study the recombinant epitope antigens of hepatitis C virus (HCV), in order to fulfil the requirements of recombinant immunoblot assay kit. Methods: An expressing vector pBVIL1 for expression of recombinant antigens in a fusion manner with IL-1β was constructed. A series of selected genes from the HCV antigens including the C, NS3, NS4 and NS5 were amplified from HCV gene-containing plasmids using PCR and the expression plasmids for these genes were constructed in pBVIL1, respectively. The activity of the purified recombinant antigens were tested against an identified HCV antibody positive and negative panel with ELISA. Results and Conclusions: All the cloned genes of chosen antigen epitopes were highly expressed in pBVIL1 in E.coli. The activity of the C and NS4 antigens were slightly higher than the RIBA3.0 antigens, while the activity of NS3 was slightly lower than the RIBA3.0 antigen. But the total evaluation for the panel was same as RIBA3.0. That means the cloned antigens were suitable for the use in RIBA test kit.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy,safety and tolerability of recombinanat human interferon α2 b(rhIFNα2b)spray in treatment of acute upper respiratory tract infection(except the flu)in children. METHODS: In total,575 children who met the inclusion criteria were enrolled from January,2019 to July,2019. They were divided into rhIFNα2b spray group(291 cases)and ribavirin group(284 cases). The children in rhIFNα2b spray group were given the rhIFNα2b spray(P.putida),and those in ribavirin groups were treated with the ribavirin spray. The curative effect and safety between the two groups were compared. RESULTS: The per-protocol set(PPS) comprised 448 patients(233 in the rhIFNα2b spray group,215 in the ribavirin group). The primary efficacy endpoint was antipyretic time which in rhIFNα2b spray group(25.0 h)was significantly shorter than that in the ribavirin group(33.6 h)(P=0.0001). In the comparison of symptomatic relief time,the relief time of nasal congestion,runny nose,sore throat and cough in rhIFNα2b spray group was shorter than that in ribavirin group(P<0.05). The recovery time in the rhIFNα2b spray group was 92 h,which showed significant decrease compared with the ribavirin group(112 h)(P<0.0001). The incidence of adverse events had no statistical differences between the two groups(P=0.2461). CONCLUSION: The rhIFNα2b spray treatment for acute upper respiratory tract infection in children is proved to be significantly effective;particularly,it can evidently relieve fever symptoms and promote the disappearance of nasal and pharyngeal symptoms. It has good safety and tolerability,so the rhIFNα2b spray is worthy to be promoted in clinical application.

Objective To research CpG and Al(OH)3 adjuvants enhancing immunogenicity of hepatitis C virus(HCV) recombinant ptotein combined vaccine(TIE).Methods BALB/c mice were immunized with candidate vaccine TFE using CpG,Al(OH)3,Al(OH) 3 + CpG,or freund's adjuvant(FA) as the adjuvant.Five mice were sacrificed after 10 d of the last immunization.Specific antibodies in sera were tested by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).Splenic cells were isolated and levels of IFN-γ,IL-4 and cytotoxic T lymphocyte(CTL) cytotoxicity assay were messuredin vitro.The remaining mice were subcutaneouly injected with 1 × 106 SP2/0-NS3 cells on the back to investigate the protective effects.The differences of means between groups were compared by LSD-t test.Results The specific CTL activity of TFE + A1(OH) 3 + CpG group was higher than TFE + FA group and TFE + CpG group(P ＜ 0.05).The level of IFN-γsecreting cells in TFE + Al(OH)3 + CpG group was higher than that in TFE + M(OH)3 group or TFE + CpG group(P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Combining Al(OH) 3 and CpG could enhance specific cellular immunogenicity of candidate HCV vaccine TFE.TFE + M(OH) 3 + CpG could effetively prevent the attack of tumor cell SP2/0-NS3 expressing nonstructural protein NS3 of HCV.

Objective To discuss the relationship between the level of ghrelin and leptin of patients with gastric carcinoma and the hypoalbu-minemia of advanced gastric carcinoma , and its significance of clinical pathology as well.Methods Radioimmunoassay ( RIA ) and enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) were used to determine the changes of the ghrelin and leptin level in 20 cases of normal healthy people and 120 patients with gastric cancer ( including 37 cases of hypoalbuminemia ( albumin<35 g· L-1 ) and 88 cases of normal protein people ( albumin≥35 g· L-1 ) , their expressions and the relevance of clinical pathology parameters were also detected.Results The ghrelin and leptin levels of patients with gastric carcinoma were significantly higher than those of nor-mal group (P<0.01), and the ghrelin and leptin levels of patients with the hypoalbuminemia were obviously higher than those of health subjects with normal protein.In addition, in patients with high content of ghrelin and leptin , the rate of patients with poorly differentiated carcinoma and lymph node metastasis was obviously increased.Conclusion The detec-tion of the changes of ghrelin and leptin levels will be of great significance in the diagnosis and prognosis of gastric carcinoma , which provides theoretical basis for the diagnosis and treatment of cancerous hypoalbuminemia .