ObjectiveTo determined the outcome of modified trabeculecotomy (with paracentesis,mitomycin C,scleral flap adjustable suture and formation of anterior chamber at the end of the surgery)in the management of primary acute angle-closure (PAAC) with high intraocular pressure (IOP) and extremely dilated pupil. MethodsTwenty-one eyes of 21 successive cases with PAAC with high lOP(IOP ＞ 30mmHg) and large pupil (maximum vertical diameter ＞ 5 mm) were evaluated prospectively. They underwent modified trabeculecotomy between January 2005 and March 2009.The operative success was defined as IOP ≤ 20 mmHg (± medical therapy) without the necessity of further surgery for glaucoma. ResultsSuccess was achieved in all of the eyes(100％)at the postoperative first week.The mean preoperative IOP was (48.25 ± 3.14) mmHg under a mean number of 3.35 antiglaucomotous medications, but it reduced to (10.47 ± 1.15,P ＜ 0.01) mmHg without medication at the first week, (13.86 ± 0.93,P ＜ 0.01) mmHg at postoperative 3rd month respectively.Only 1 eye needed 1 kind of antiglaucomotous eye drop from the 2nd month postoperatively. The mean vertical diameter of pupils was (5.81±0.23) mm preoperatively, (5.92 ±0.21 ) mm at the first week(P ＞ 0.05). No case received section iridectomy. No serious complication was observed.ConclusionsModified trabeculectomy provides reduction of IOP and protection of pupil in cases with PAAC with high IOP and large pupil,and the procedures such as releasing aqueous humor gradually,appliance of scleral flap adjustable sutures and formation of anterior chamber at the end of the surgery can effectively reduce the risk of serious complications.

Objective To determine the medium-long term functional outcome of arthroscopic repair of type II SLAP lesions with two loops.Methods According to retrospective study,29 cases patients with arthroscopic repairs of isolated type II SLAP lesions were collected from March 2011 to June 2013,the mean patient age at the time of surgery was 31.8 years(range17 to 47 years).All patients with ground anchor suture,and through double loop knot technology to fix SLAP injury.Visual analogue scale(VAS),Kerlan-Jobe Orthopaedic Clinic(KJOC),Roche Shouder function Score(ROWE) were used to determine the function of shoulder joint.The shoulderjoint range of motion before treatment and post treatment were recorded,shoulder joint mobility was recorded,satisfaction survey was done,compared the preoperative and postoperative data to evaluate its clinical effect.Results All patients were available for follow-up of 2.7-5.2 years.Overall,functional outcome was improved from baseline compared with final follow-up for VAS scores((4.3±1.2) points vs.(1.5±0.8) points,t=5.435,P<0.05),KJOC scores((72.1±4.9) points vs.(92.8±5.4) points,t=5.921,P<0.01),and ROWE scores((54.1±12.4) points vs.(84.3±10.2) points,t=7.326,P<0.01).Only a minority of patients feel pain when they did srenuous exercise.According to satisfaction investigation of patients,patient satisfaction was reported in 89.7%,3 cases had not good results,they could not return to previous level of play,including 2 cases were athletes,1 case was not athlete.Conclusion There is no more persistent pain and dysfunction after surgery,a good or excellent medium-long term functional outcome can be anticipated after arthroscopic repair of type II SLAP lesions with two loops.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the changes of NF-kappa B binding activity, the expression of PPARr and their correlation in the liver of rats with fatty liver disease (FLD) induced by different pathogenic factors and to investigate the molecular mechanism of the inflammation in FLD.

METHODS40 Wistar rats were randomly divided into 4 groups of ten each: normal group, alcohol group, fat-rich diet group, alcohol adding fat-rich diet group. The rats were sacrificed at the end of the 16th week from the starting day of the experiment. Serum and liver specimens were collected. Histological specimens were stained with HE, SudanIV, and Masson and then studied microscopically. The ultrastructural changes were also checked under an electron microscope. NF-kappa B binding activity and the expression of PPARr mRNA were determined by electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA) and RT-PCR respectively. The correlations between NF-kappa B binding activity and the expression of PPARr and the biochemical indexes were analyzed.

RESULTSSteatosis, inflammation, necrosis and fibrosis were present in livers of the rats of all the experimental groups, and were most severe in the alcohol adding fat-rich diet group. NF-kappa B binding activity was markedly increased in the livers of the alcohol group (142+/-16.32) and of the alcohol adding fat-rich diet group (238+/-19.14) in comparison to the livers of the normal (73+/-9.24, F = 6.36, 17.93) and those of the fat-rich diet group (84+/-10.38, F = 5.96, 16.20). Binding activity was higher in the alcohol adding fat-rich diet group than that in the simple alcohol group, but there was no difference between those of the fat-rich diet and normal groups. The level of PPARr mRNA was lower in the livers of the alcohol, fat-rich diet, alcohol adding fat-rich diet groups (0.2530+/-0.069, 0.3647+/-0.082, 0.1226+/-0.054) than that of the controls (0.8097+/-0.094) (F = 15.43, 7.24, 21.45). NF-kappa B binding activity was correlated positively with the level of serum TNF alpha (r = 0.527, 0.639) and the content of MDA in the liver homogenates (r = 0.723, 0.537), but negatively with the expression of PPARr in the livers of the alcohol and the alcohol adding fat-rich diet groups (r = -0.568, -0.891).

CONCLUSIONThe enhanced nuclear factors NF-kappa B binding activity and decreased expression of PPARr play a pivotal role in the inflammatory response of FLD induced by alcohol and fat-rich diet. It may provide a new idea for treating FLD effectively.

Animals ; Fatty Liver ; metabolism ; Liver ; metabolism ; Male ; NF-kappa B ; metabolism ; PPAR gamma ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; RNA, Messenger ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Random Allocation ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar

Objective:To compare the outcomes of arthroscopic all-inside repair using puncture needle combined with suture hook versus meniscus repair device Fast-Fix for the treatment of meniscal tear in popliteal hiatus region.Methods:A retrospective cohort study was performed on the clinical data of 48 patients with meniscal tear in popliteal hiatus region admitted to Second People′s Hospital of Fujian Province from January 2014 to December 2017. There were 32 males and 16 females, aged 16-44 years [(28.0±7.8)years]. A total of 25 patients were treated with arthroscopic all-inside repair using puncture needle combined with suture hook (needle-hook group) and 23 patients were treated with meniscus repair device Fast-Fix (Fast-Fix group). The operation time and intraoperative blood loss were compared between the two groups. The function of knee joint was evaluated by Lysholm score, Tegner score and International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) score before operation, at 6 months after operation and at the last follow-up. The meniscal healing rate was evaluated by MRI scan at the last follow-up. During the period of follow-up, the incidence of complications (infection, popliteal tendon injury, foreign body irritation, etc.) was compared between the two groups.Results:All patients were followed up for 24-36 months [(25.8±2.5)months]. No significant differences were observed in operation time and intraoperative blood loss between the two groups (all P>0.05). The preoperative Lysholm score, Tegner score and IKDC score were not significantly different between the two groups (all P>0.05). The Lysholm score, Tegner score and IKDC score in needle-hook group were (96.7±3.8)points, (4.3±1.6)points and (95.5±5.4)points at 6 months after operation, significantly higher than those in Fast-Fix group [(93.3±1.6)points, (3.6±0.8)points, (91.9±0.8)points] (all P<0.05). The Lysholm score, Tegner score and IKDC score in needle-hook group were (99.6±1.3)points, (6.1±0.8)points and (99.4±0.2)points at the last follow-up, significantly higher than those in Fast-Fix group [(94.5±1.6)points, (4.8±0.2)points and (97.4±0.5)points] (all P<0.01). The above three scoring systems scored significantly higher in the two groups at 6 months after operation and at the last follow-up than those before operation (all P<0.01). MRI scan showed that the meniscus healing rate in needle-hook group was 92% (23/25) at the last follow-up, higher than 70% (16/23) in Fast-Fix group ( P<0.05). During the period of follow-up, no complication was observed in needle-hook group, but 6 patients [26% (6/23)] in Fast-Fix group had discomfort in the posterolateral muscle of the knee, which was related to popliteal tendon injury or foreign body irritation ( P<0.01). Conclusion:For meniscal tear in popliteal hiatus region, arthroscopic all-inside repair using puncture needle combined with suture hook is superior to meniscus repair device Fast-Fix in aspects of better knee function, higher meniscus healing rate and lower complication rate.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effects of neuropeptide Y (NPY) Y1 receptor antagonist PD160170 in promoting osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) and accelerating healing of femoral defect in rats.

METHODSThe third generation of rat BMSCs were treated with PBS (control) or 10, 10, or 10 mol/L NPY Y1 receptor antagonist PD160170. After 7 and 14 days of treatment, the cells were examined for osteogenic differentiation with alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and alizarin red staining. At 7 and 21 days of treatment, the mRNA and protein expressions of collagen type I (COLI), osteocalcin (OCN) and Runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2) in the cells were detected using q-PCR and Westem Blotting. In a male SD rat model (body weight 300∓20 g) of bilateral femoral condyle defects (2.5 mm in diameter), the effect of daily local injection of 0.2 mL PD160170 (10 and 10 mol/L, for 28 consecutive days) in promoting bone defect repair was evaluated with micro-CT scans.

RESULTSALP and alizarin red staining showed that the BMSCs treated with PD160170, at the optimal concentration of 10 mol/L, contained more intracellular cytoplasmic brown particles and mineralized nodules in extracellular matrix than PBS-treated cells. PD160170 (10 mol/L) significantly up-regulated the mRNA and protein expressions of COLI at day 7 and those of OCN and Runx2 at day 21 (P<0.05). In the rat models of femoral bone defect, the volume/tissue volume ratio, bone mineral density and the number of bone trabeculae were significantly greater in 10 mol/L PD160170 group than in the control group (P<0.05), but the bone trabecular thickness (P=0.07) and bone volume (P=0.35) were similar between the two groups.

CONCLUSIONNPY Y1 receptor antagonist PD160170 can promote osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs and healing of femoral defects in rats, suggesting the potential of therapeutic strategies targeting NPY Y1 receptor signaling in the prevention and treatment of bone fracture and osteoporosis.

OBJECTIVEDoubly labeled water (DLW) method is the gold standard for measuring total energy expenditure (TEE). We used this method to measure TEE in Chinese young men.

METHODSSixteen healthy young men age 23±1 years with body mass index 22.0±1.4 kg/m2 were recruited. TEE was measured by the DLW method, and basal energy expenditure (BEE) was determined by indirect calorimetry. We also conducted 24-h activity, energy balance and factorial approach to estimate energy requirements of the subjects.

RESULTSTEE of subjects by DLW method was 9.45±0.57 MJ/day (2258±180 kcal/day). The 24-h activity was 10.80±0.33 MJ/day (2582±136 kcal/day). The energy requirement, derived from energy balance observations, was 9.93±1.32 MJ/day (2373±315 kcal/day). The BEE of 6.65±0.28 MJ/day (1589±67 kcal/day), calculated by the adjusted Schofield equation, was significantly higher (P<0.001) than that measured by indirect calorimetry, 5.99±0.66 MJ/day (1433±158 kcal/day). The TEE derived from the factorial approach was 10.31±0.43 MJ/day (2463±104 kcal/day).

CONCLUSIONThe TEE of Chinese young men measured by the DLW method was about 10% lower than the current recommended nutrient intake (RNI), suggesting that the RNI for Chinese men maybe overestimated. Further studies are warranted to determine the value of the estimated energy requirement.

Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Energy Metabolism ; physiology ; Humans ; Isotope Labeling ; Male ; Motor Activity ; physiology ; Water ; Young Adult

BACKGROUNDAlthough three-dimensional MRI (3D-MRI) of short T1 inversion recovery turbo spin-echo (STIR TSE) has showed superior to two-dimensional MRI (2D-MRI) in showing the spinal cord and lumbar nerve roots, it remains difficult in demonstrating radicular vein at present. We have found that short T1 inversion recovery long time echo (STIR LONG TE) was better in showing radicular vein. To further study the methods and character of the 3D-MRI of lumbar nerve root, ganglions and radicular vein in normal and lumbar disc herniation (LDH) adults, in the present study, we evaluated two 3D-MRI techniques, STIR TSE and STIR LONG TE for demonstrating lumbar nerve roots and especial radicular vein in normal and LDH adults.

METHODSTwelve normal adult persons and 19 LDH patients were included in this study; special oblique coronal location was adopted. STIR TSE and STIR LONG TE were performed in all participants, and the detection rates of radicular vein and nerve root of L3, L4, L5, S1 were calculated. The grading system was used in grading compromise of the intraspinal extradural lumbar nerve root, ganglion and radicular vein in LDH patients, and all the grading injury of nerve root, ganglion and radicular vein had been evaluated.

RESULTSThe definite rate of radicular vein (DRRV) of 3D-MRI of STIR LONG TE was significantly different from that of STIR TSE. DRRV of STIR LONG TE was L3, 91.7%, L4, 100%, L5, 100%, S1, 100% and that of STIR TSE was L3, 33.3%, L4, 37.5%, L5, 58.3%, S1, 45.8% in normal adults. It showed no difference between STIR LONG TE and STIR TSE in the detection rate of nerve root. The different patho-injuries of nerve root, ganglion and radicular vein could be seen in all LDH patients by the 3D-MRI of STIR LONG TE. The mean score of Japanese Orthopaedic Association (JOA) was 16.16, and 29 nerve roots were calculated in all the study. The mean grading injury of nerve root was 2.17, that of nerve root ganglion was 1.28, that of radicular vein was 1.83, and the mean co-grading injury of nerve root, ganglion and radicular vein was 5.31. The correlation coefficient was 0.478 (P = 0.010) between the score of JOA and that of radicular vein.

CONCLUSIONThe 3D-MRI of STIR LONG TE is superior to STIR TSE for not only detecting the lumbar nerve root, ganglion and especial radicular vein in normal adults, but also displaying their patho-injuries degree in LDH patients.

Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Humans ; Intervertebral Disc Displacement ; pathology ; Lumbar Vertebrae ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; methods ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Spinal Nerve Roots ; blood supply ; pathology ; Veins ; pathology

Objective To investigate the modulatory effect of substance P (SP) on proton-gated current in the membrane of rat trgeminal ganglion (TG) neurons and its underlying mechanism. Methods Neurons were isolated mechanically and enzymatically from TG of rat. Whole-cell patch clamp technique was used for recording the proton-gated current in freshly isolated neurons. Results Proton-gated currents recorded from rat TG neurons could be classified into 4 distinct types: T-type, S-type, B-type and O-type in the present study. Co-application of SP and proton potentiated S-type proton-gated currents in a concentration-dependent manner, and the potentiation was not blocked by SP receptor antagonist, GR82334; co-application of SP and proton potentiated B-type proton-gated currents, and GR82334 and intracellular dialysis of GDP-β-S blocked the potentiation of SP. Pre-application of SP inhibited B-type proton-gated current, especially the transient component. The inhibition could not be reversed by pretreatment wit-h GR82334. Conclusions The mechanisms of modulation of proton-gated current by SP is associated with the difference of their makeup of subunits of acid-sensing ion channels (ASICs), and there may be an allosteric position of SP in the outside framework of ASICs in neuronal membrane.

Objective To evaluate the therapeutic effect of comprehensive treatments for radiation-induced lower cranial neuropathy in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). Meathods Fifty NPC patients with radiation-induced lower cranial neuropathy were randomly divided into comprehensive treatment group and control group. In the former group, the 25 patients received 10 sessions of hyperbaric oxygen treatment in addition to intravenous infusion of methyprednisolone (60-80 mg, once daily for 10 consecutive days) and aceglutamide (500 mg, once daily for 28 days), with also patients in the control group were given 2 compound vitamine B tablets and 3 compound Denshen tablets three times a day for 45 days. Results The excellent effect, improvement, non-response, and exacerbation rates in the comprehensive treatment group were 24%, 72%, 4%, and 0%, as compared to the rates of 0%, 12%, 80%, and 8% in the control group, respectively. The overall response rate in the comprehensive treatment group was 96%, significantly higher than that in the control group (12%, P<0.05). In the patients receiving comprehensive treatment, exclusion of chemotherapy and shorter duration of symptoms of nerve damage were associated with better therapeutic effect (P<0.05). Conclusion Methyprednisolone, mouse nerve growth factor and hyperbaric oxygen treatment can relieve the symptoms of radiation-induced lower cranial neuropathy in NPC patients, and the therapeutic effect of the treatments is associated with chemotherapy and sustaining time of the symptoms of nerve damage, suggesting the necessity of early treatment of neurological impairment in these patinets.

OBJECTIVETo analyze the epidemiological features of the index cases of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) occurred in different cities in Guangdong province and to trace for the source of infection.

METHODSStandardized individual case inventory was adopted to conduct investigation on index cases and on persons who had close contact with index cases in Guangdong province. Data on the epidemiological characteristics, secondary cases and the links among index cases were analyzed.

RESULTSBetween November 16, 2002 and April 16, 2003, there had been 13 index cases of SARS including 3 cadres, 3 farmers, 2 retirees, 2 workers and 1 shop attendant, reported from 13 cities in Guangdong province. Between November 2002 and January 2003, there had been 7 cities reported to have identified index cases of SARS with 6 of them being infected in their own cities and 1 imported from Guangzhou city. All of the cases had no close contacts to similar patients but 6 of them later caused 2nd or even 3rd generation cases of SARS. Most cases hit young people (7/13) with a sex ratio of 1:0.6. The fatality rate of index cases was high (4/13).

CONCLUSIONNo evidence showed that there was direct transmission among the index cases. Data regarding the geographical origin of those index cases led to the assumption that the infection had started in six cities of Pearl river delta region and the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; China ; epidemiology ; Contact Tracing ; Female ; Hong Kong ; epidemiology ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prevalence ; Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ; epidemiology ; transmission