Objective To investigate the influence of t he mass screening on the diagnostic status of the conventional ordinary prostati c cancer (CaP). Methods Sixty seven cases of prostate ca ncer detected by mass screening (January 1996～December 2001) and 358 cases diag n osed at the outpatient of various hospitals in Changchun (January 1986～December 2001) were compared in terms of age distribution,clinical stages,level of serum prostate special antigen(PSA),pathological grade and treatment modalities,with a SPSS analysis system. Results The annual average incide nce of CaP during 1999 to 2001 increased 4.72 times when compared to the 1986 to 1989’s.In the screening group,the cases with clinical stage A and B accounted for 58.2%. In the clinical group, it was only 27.9%,and mostly detected incident ally.Furthermore,in the screening group the percentage of the cases beyond 20 ng /ml PSA and of poorly differentiated carcinoma were much lower compared to the c linical group.These differences were statistically significant.The cases of radi cal prostatectomy in the screening group increased 15.3% compared with that of t he clinical group. Conclusions Only the mass screening c an really reveal the actual prevalence of prostate cancer.It can markedly raise the number of prostate cancer,especially the cancer in the early stage.The mass screening is inevitable to detect the curable early stage prostate cancer.

Animals ; Humans ; MicroRNAs ; genetics ; Neoplasms ; genetics ; pathology ; RNA Interference ; RNA, Neoplasm ; genetics ; RNA, Small Interfering ; genetics

Thyroid cancer is uncommon in children and adolescents. This article analyzed the current data and stated the treatment progress of the thyroid cancer in children and adolescents. Even though in the advanced stage at diagnosis, the prognosis is good for pediatric patients. Surgery is the treatment for pediatric thyroid cancer. Although there is no optimal surgery recommendation, most surgeons preferred total and (or) subtotal thyroidectomy. Hemi-thyroidectomy could also be considered in the low-risk patients with small unifocal tumors. We recommend routine central compartment clearance in pediatric thyroid cancers to reduce the local recurrence. Radioactive iodine therapy is also recommended in particular pediatric patients. Recurrences after treatment in childhood thyroid cancer may take place over a long period of time. Therefore, a life-long follow-up is mandatory.

AIM: To elucidate the co-transfection of platelet derived growth factor B(PDGF-B) antisense oligonucleotide and tissue-type plasminogen activator gene to prevent vascular anastomotic restenosis after coronary bypass.METHODS: A dog model of vascular anastomotic restenosis after coronary bypass was constructed. A constructed tissue-type plasminogen activator(tPA) gene plasmid and a designed PDGF-B oligonucleotide were used to transfect into the dog cardiomyocytes and anastomotic vascular smooth muscle cells(VSMCs) at the same time of coronary bypass, using a therapeutic ultrasound for the gene delivery. Effects of these two genes on thrombosis in local anastomotic vessels, the expressions of proliferating cell nuclear antigen(PCNA) and PDGF-B mRNA by VSMCs and the proliferation of vascular intima were observed with the methods of routine pathological, immuno-histochemical staining, in situ hybridization and morphometry. RESULTS: PDGF-B antisense oligonucleotide and tissue-type plasminogen activator gene were succesfully transfected. These two genes significantly inhibited the expressions of PCNA and PDGF-B mRNA in intimal VSMCs with the inhibitory rates of 65.01% and 81.75%, respectively. The local intimal thickness and area also reduce markablely and the thrombosis of the anastomosis was prevented followed by the reduction of the anastomotic restenotic rate of 62.63%. CONCLUSION: Co-transfection of PDGF-B antisense oligonucleotide and tissue-type plasminogen activator gene inhibits the dog experimental anastomotic restenosis after coronary bypass.

Contraindications ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Promethazine ; adverse effects

Animals ; Collagenases ; metabolism ; Dental Bonding ; Dental Caries ; enzymology ; Dentin ; enzymology ; pathology ; Gelatinases ; metabolism ; Humans ; Matrix Metalloproteinase 14 ; metabolism ; Matrix Metalloproteinase 20 ; metabolism ; Matrix Metalloproteinase 3 ; metabolism ; Matrix Metalloproteinases ; metabolism ; Sclerosis

Deconstruction of lignocellulosic plant cell walls to fermentable sugars by biochemical means is impeded by several poorly understood ultrastructural and chemical barriers. Pretreatment is an essential step by altering the morphological and compositional characteristics of biomass to enhance the sugar release during enzymatic hydrolysis. Therefore, getting insight into this field is necessary to improve the conversion of biomass into biofuels. In this review, we highlight our recent understanding on the impact of various promising pretreatments on biomass, with emphasis on the topochemical and ultrastructural changes of plant cell walls that are related to the reduction of recalcitrance and the consequence of saccharification. It will lend support to the scientific research and development with respect to biomass conversion.
Biofuels ; Biomass ; Carbohydrates ; chemistry ; Cell Wall ; ultrastructure ; Fermentation ; Hydrolysis ; Lignin ; chemistry ; Plant Cells ; ultrastructure

Objective To study the effects of changes of neuropeptide Y(NPY) and neurotensin(NT) concentrations in plasma and their ratio imbalance on the incidence of essential hypertension (EH). Methods NPY and NT in plasma in 176 patients with EH were measured with radioimmunoassay(RIA). Results NPY in the EH patients was higher than that in the normal subjects (P

AIM: To compare the peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer ( RNFL ) thickness and peripapillary topographic map's parameters between amblyopic eyes and non -amblyopic eyes in adolescent with anisometropic amblyopia by optical coherence tomography(OCT).
METHODS: Thirty - four juveniles with anisometropic amblyopia were selected. Peripapillary RNFL thickness and peripapillary topographic map were measured by frequency domain OCT with both eyes in all participants, and the differences between amblyopic eyes and non -amblyopic eyes were compared.
RESULTS: There was no significant difference in average thickness of peripapillary RNFL and in any other region of peripapillary RNFL. The disc area in amblyopic eyes was bigger than that in non - amblyopic eyes ( t =2. 8054,P= 0. 0263). The disc area in amblyopic eyes were significantly related to the thickness of nasal RNFL and the rim area(r= 0. 7592,0. 7501;P= 0. 0289,0. 0321).
CONCLUSION: There existed some difference in peripapillary structure between amblyopic eyes and non-amblyopic eyes in adolescent with anisometropic amblyopia.