· AIM:To investigate the prevalence of juvenile myopia and factors affecting its occurrence in Linxia Prefecture.· METHODS:Totally 8 683 juvenile students who were 6-18 years old were extracted as respondent with stratified cluster sampling method.The eyesight,diopter and axial length were detected,and the gender,age,ethnicity,eye behavior were collected by self-made questionnaire.· RESULTS:The prevalence of myopia was 42.80％.The myopic rates of all ethnic groups were as follows:Tibetan Nationality:59.05％,Han Nationality:46.71％,Dongxiang Nationality:46.36％,Tu Nationality:45.24％,Sala Nationality:41.30％,Baoan nationality:40.61％,Hui Nationality:31.97％.Myopia rate between each ethnic groups had statistical difference (x2 =44.08,P=0.007).Multivariate analyses revealed that outdoor activities during the break was the protect factor for myopia;age,using electronic products on weekends and holidays,using the same lighting in room while studying were risk factors for myopia.· CONCLUSION:The prevalence of myopia increase with age in Linxia.The prevalence in different ethnic groups is different.Education department and family should make joint efforts to increase the outdoor time,improve the environment for teenagers to reduce the occurrence and development of myopia.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effect of moxibustion at Sanyinjiao (SP 6) for uterine contraction pain in labor, and evaluate the safety of the parturient and newborn.

METHODSOne hundred and seventy-four cases of singleton pregnancy and cephalic presentation primipara were single blinded and randomly divided into three groups: observation group (59 cases), placebo treated group (57 cases) and blank group (58 cases). The observation group was treated with moxibustion at Sanyinjiao (SP 6) for 30 min when the uterus cervix openning at 3 cm, the placebo treated group was treated with moxibustion at no acupoint for 30 min and the blank group was treated with routine labor nursing, the uterine contraction pain and the safety of the mother and infant were compared among three groups.

RESULTS1) The uterine contraction pain was tested by Visual Analogue Scale (VAS): the scores of VAS in the observation group were obviously decreased after 15 min and 30 min of moxibustion (both P<0.05), there were no obvious changes of the VAS scores in placebo treated group and the blank group, the scores of VAS in observation group decreased much more obviously than those in the other two groups (all P<0.05); 2) Midwife rating of the uterine contraction pain: after 30 min of moxibustion, the effective rate of labor analgesia was 69.5% (41/59) in observation group, which was higher than that of 45.6% (26/57) in placebo treated group and 43.1% (25/58) in blank group, with significant differences between them (both P<0.05); 3) The postpartum hemorrhage amount of the observation group was obviously lower than those of placebo treated group and blank group (both P<0.05); 4) The Apgar score of newborn was higher in observation group and placebo treated group than that of blank group (both P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONMoxibustion at Sanyinjiao (SP 6) can relieve the uterine contraction pain, and has no side effect to mother and infant, it is one of the safe, effective and simple non-drug analgesia methods.

Acupuncture Points ; Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Labor Pain ; physiopathology ; therapy ; Labor, Obstetric ; Moxibustion ; Pregnancy ; Treatment Outcome ; Uterine Contraction ; Young Adult

Acute Disease ; Biomarkers, Tumor ; analysis ; Child ; Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p16 ; analysis ; Histocytochemistry ; Humans ; Leukemia ; metabolism ; pathology ; Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen ; analysis ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 ; analysis

Objective To explore the effects of psychological intervention on the mental status and life quality of hepatolenticular degeneration patients during the perioperative period of splenectomy.Methods 64 cases hepatolenticular degeneration patients during the perioperative period of splenectomy were randomly divided into two groups,the intervention group and the control group,each with 32 cases.Both groups received conventional comfortable nursing,and the intervention group had psychological intervention for eight weeks in addition.Symptom checklist (SCL-90) was used to assess their changes of mental health,while the World Health Organization Quality of Life Scale (WHOQOL-100) was used to assess their quality of life before and after psychological intervention.Results Before psychological intervention,there was no statistically siguificant difference between two groups' SCL-90 scores (P ＞ 0.05).After eight weeks of psychological intervention,the sores of somatization,force,interpersonal relationship,depression,anxiety,hostility,paranoid and psychotic factors in SCL-90 of the intervention group were respectively (1.26 ± 0.43),(1.72 ± 0.44),(1.74 ± 0.45),(1.59±0.43),(1.58±0.52),(1.66±0.74),(1.44±0.57),(1.61±0.68),(1.51±0.43),all of which were lower than those of the control group [(1.60 ± 0.49),(2.06 ± 0.50),(1.74 ± 0.45),(1.85 ±0.49),(1.90±0.55),(2.07±0.66),(1.71 ±0.57),(1.95 ±0.64),(1.82 ±0.56)],and the differences were statistically significant (t =2.950,2.888,2.466,2.256,2.386,2.339,2.060,2.484,respectively; P ＞ 0.05).Before psychological intervention,there was also no statistically significant difference between two groups' WHOQOL-100 scores (P ＞ 0.05).And after eight weeks of psychological intervention,the score of every dimension was higher in the intervention group than in the control group,and the differences were statistically significant (t =4.401,4.694,3.242,5.410,4.576,4.847,3.834,respectively;P ＜0.01).Conclusions Psychological intervention can effectively improve the mental health and quality of life of hepatolenticular degeneration patients during the perioperative period of splenectomy,and thus should be strengthened.

Objective To explore the efficacy and the clinical practice value of rehabilitation nursing to hepatolenticular degeneration patients with dysarthria. Methods 136 hepatolenticular degeneration patients with dysarthria in hospital were enrolled in this study, and they were randomly assigned to rehabilitation nursing group and usual nursing group. Both groups were treated formally by sodium dimercaptosulphonate, the 68 patients of usual nursing group were given general nursing, the 68 patients of rehabilitation nursing group were given general nursing and rehabilitation nursing of dysarthria. Frenchay dysarthria measurement, Phonolaryngeal graph,Microspiro, Activity of Daily Living Scale and WHOQOL-BREF were used to evaluate and compare the therapeutic effect after 8 weeks. Results The total effect rate of rehabilitation nursing group was 95.6％, and usual nursing group was 72. 1％, and the difference was significant (X2 = 13.88, P ＜ 0. 01). MPT in rehabilitation nursing group was different before and after treatment [(6. 12 ± 5.36) s vs (8.94 ± 6.43) s, t =2. 78, P ＜0. 01] and FVC was also different (t =2.46, P ＜0.05). The MPT and FVC in the two group were different (P ＜ 0. 01). WHOQOL-BREF results have reach the statistically significance in the two group after treatment (P ＜ 0. 01 or P ＜0. 05). Conclusions Dysarthria is a common language barrier of hepatolenticular degeneration; it seriously affects the physical and mental health of patients. Early speech rehabilitation training,with the treatment of hepatolenticular degeneration patients by sodium dimercaptosulphonate, can greatly promote sound organ function recovery, can obviously improve the speech function of patients and can improve daily life ability and the life quality of them, it has high value of clinical applications.

The present study was aimed to investigate the mechanism of the granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) on the viability of the bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). MSCs were cultured by classical whole bone marrow adhering method, and the MSCs were analyzed for the cell surface differentiation markers CD34, CD133, CD90 and CD105 by flow cytometry (FCM). The ability of the MSCs to differentiate into osteocytes and adipocytes was tested in osteogenic and adipogenic mediums, separately. The effect of G-CSF (20 mug/mL) on the passage 3 MSCs viability was evaluated by MTT method, and the molecular mechanism of the G-CSF mediated effects was assayed through the pretreatment of the signal pathway inhibitors including 50 nmol/L wortmannin (phosphatidylinoesitol 3 kinase inhibitor), 50 mumol/L PD98059 [extracellular signal-regulated-kinase1/2 (ERK1/2) inhibitor], 30 mumol/L SB203580 (p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase inhibitor), 10 mumol/L H89 (protein kinase A inhibitor), 20 mumol/L Y27632 (Rho kinase inhibitor), 1 mumol/L rapamycin [mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) inhibitor], 10 mmol/L straurosporine [protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitor], 6 nmol/L G0697 (PKCalpha inhibitor) and 50 mumol/L Pseudo Z (PKCzeta inhibitor). Cultured passage 3 MSCs expressed CD90 and CD105 strongly, and showed the ability of multi-differentiation into osteocytes and adipocytes. G-CSF promoted the viability of MSCs, and the promotion was completely inhibited by PKC inhibitor straurosporine and partially inhibited by wortmannin, rapamycin, PD98059, SB203580 or G0697. However, its effect was not inhibited by H89, Y27632 and Pseudo Z. It is thus suggested that the promoting effect of G-CSF on MSCs viability was closely related to AKT-mTOR-PKC signal pathway, and PKC maybe the central role in the signal pathway.
Animals ; Bone Marrow Cells ; cytology ; Cell Differentiation ; Cell Survival ; Cells, Cultured ; Enzyme Inhibitors ; pharmacology ; Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor ; pharmacology ; Hematopoietic Stem Cells ; Humans ; Mesenchymal Stromal Cells ; cytology ; Signal Transduction

OBJECTIVETo observe the effects of Chinese herb of promoting blood circulation to dissipate blood stasis on the levels of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) and interleukin 6 (IL-6) in serum of patients with mudslide injuries, and investigate the mechanisms of Chinese herb of promoting blood circulation to dissipate blood stasis in the treatment of mudslide injuries.

METHODSPatients with mudslide injuries who were translated from Zhouqu and Chengxian to Lanzhou from 12th August 2010 were divided into two groups (group A and group B). Twenty-five patients in group A, containing 15 males and 10 females, with an average age of (39.0 +/- 3.9) years. According to AIS scoring system, 1 point in 2 cases, 2 points in 3, 3 points in 17 and 4 points in 3. No patients got 5 points. Based on ISS rating system, 16 cases got 16 points or less, 7 cases rated between 16 and 25, only 2 cases were equal to 25 points or more. Another 25 patients were in group B, including 11 males and 14 females, with a mean age of (40.1 +/- 3.6) years; AIS score showed 3 cases got 1 point, 4 got 2 points, 16 got 3 and 2 got 4 points, no patients got 5 points. Patients in group B were divided into three parts by ISS score:15 cases (16 points or less); 9 cases (range 16 to 25 points) and 1 case (25 points or more). All the patients accepted general physical checkup. Eight patients were treated by surgical treatment in group A (3 patients were treated with open reduction plate fixation, 4 patients were treated with debridement BHID, and 1 patient underwent foreign body removal) and 6 cases in group B (1 patient was treated with craniocerebral surgery,2 patients were treated with chest surgery, and 3 patients were treated with soft tissue debridement). All the patients of two groups were treated by support treatment, detumescence treatment and preventing infection, complications. A seven days course of treatment with detumescence analgesic mixture 50 ml p.o. bid, traumatologic cleansing liquid 20 ml ad us, ext 20 to 30 min qid to group A,continuous treatment of two courses. Using immunometric assay to determine serum levels of inflammatory cytokine TNF-alpha, IL-6 at the 2nd, 7th, 14th days after admission. Analysis of data were done with the help of SPSS 16.0 statistic software.

RESULTSThere were no statistical differences of TNF-alpha, IL-6 between two groups at the second day after admission, and there were statistical differences at the 7th and 14th days between two groups. There were significant differences of TNF-alpha and IL-6 levels between the 7th day and the 2nd day, the 14th day and 2nd day after admission.

CONCLUSIONThe Chinese herb of promoting blood circulation to dissipate blood stasis can inhibit the release of inflammatory factor after traumatism.

Adult ; Case-Control Studies ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Humans ; Interleukin-6 ; metabolism ; Male ; Traumatology ; methods ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo explore dysfunction mechanism of rat alveolar type II (AT-II) injured by bleomycin (BLM).

METHODSSD rats were injected with a single intratracheal dose of bleomycin or control saline. On day 7, 14, and 28 following intratracheal bleomycin or saline instillation, animals were killed under overdose of 1.5% sodium pentobarbital (0.25 ml/100 g, i.p.) and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) from the lung was tested for the activity of pulmonary surfactant (PS) by the Whihelmy Film Balance. Several concentrations of bleomycin stimulated the culture of rat AT-II cells, and surfactant protein (SP) A, B, and aquaporin-1 (AQP) mRNA were analyzed by fluorescent quantitative polymerase chain reaction (FQ-PCR).

RESULTSThe activity of PS and hypoxemia significantly decreased on day 7 and improved on day 14 and completely recovered to normal status on day 28. SP-A, B, and AQP-1 mRNA expression in BLM-stimulated group were significantly lower than those in the control group (P<0.001).

CONCLUSIONBLM-injured AT-II cells decrease the levels of SP-A, B, and AQP-1 mRNA and cause PS dysfunction, resulting in hypoxemia and pneumonedema.

Animals ; Aquaporin 1 ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Bleomycin ; administration & dosage ; toxicity ; Cells, Cultured ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Epithelial Cells ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Hypoxia ; chemically induced ; metabolism ; pathology ; Male ; Pulmonary Alveoli ; cytology ; drug effects ; Pulmonary Surfactant-Associated Protein A ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Pulmonary Surfactant-Associated Protein B ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; RNA, Messenger ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Random Allocation ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Time Factors

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the value of blood lactic acid (BLA) as a predictor for the severity and prognosis of neonatal shock.

METHODSA total of 326 neonates with shock were enrolled and divided into three groups based on the severity, namely mild group (n=147), moderate group (n=105), and severe group (n=74). BLA level was measured during and early after (about 6 hours later) fluid resuscitation, and lactate clearance rate (LCR) was calculated. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was applied to evaluate the predictive value of BLA in neonatal shock.

RESULTSBLA level was high in all subjects prior to treatment, and was highest in the severe group and lowest in the mild group (P<0.01). BLA level was significantly higher among patients with septic shock than among those with hypovolemic, cardiogenic, and asphyxiating shock (P<0.05). BLA level was significantly reduced in patients in recovery after treatment (P<0.05). Mortality was significantly lower in patients with BLA level ≤4 mmol/L or LCR ≥10% than in those with BLA level >4 mmol/L or LCR <10% (P<0.01). BLA at 11.15 mmol/L had 100% sensitivity and 96.8% specificity in predicting severe shock. BLA at 10.65 mmol/L had 88.9% sensitivity and 74.1% specificity in predicting the prognosis (survival or dead) of newborns with shock.

CONCLUSIONSIn neonates with shock, arterial BLA level increases as the disease severity increases and is associated with prognosis, so it is a useful predictor of the severity and prognosis of neonatal shock.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the association of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the interleukin 17 (IL-17) gene and serum protein levels in patients with chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection.

METHODSA total of 228 patients with chronic HCV infection and 81 healthy controls were enrolled in the study. The frequencies of IL-17 rs8193036 and rs2275913 polymorphisms were detected by the TaqMan SNP genotyping assay. Serum levels of IL-17 protein were detected by ELISA. Pairwise comparisons were made by the Chi-square test, and the significance of between-group differences was assessed by the Student's t-test with P less than 0.05.

RESULTSThe patients with chronic HCV infection and the healthy controls showed similar frequencies of the rs8193036 C/T allele (x2 = 1.428, P = 0.232) and the rs2275913 A/G allele (x2 = 0.106, P = 0.744). In addition, the two groups showed similar distribution of the rs8193036 CC (chronic HCV infection: 46.49% vs. healthy controls: 41.98%), CT (45.61% vs. 44.44%) and TT (7.89% vs. 13.58%) genotypes (x2 = 2.346, P = 0.309), and of the rs2275913 AA (16.23% vs. 13.58%), AG (48.25% vs. 50.62%) and GG (35.53% vs. 35.80%) genotypes (x2 = 0.340, P = 0.844). Subgroup analysis of chronic HCV infection patients stratified according to HCV genotypes 1 and 2 showed no differences in the distribution of rs8193036 and rs2275913 alleles (x2 = 1.127, P = 0.288; x2 = 1.088, P = 0.297) and genotypes (x2 = 2.825, P = 0.246; x2 = 0.970, P = 0.616). However, the chronic HCV infection group did show significantly higher levels of serum IL-17 than the controls (97.67+/-39.68 vs. 71.60+/-19.78 pg/ml, t = 2.414, P = 0.033).

CONCLUSIONChronic HCV infection is associated with increased serum IL-17; however, the IL-17 polymorphisms rs8193036 and rs2275913 were not associated with chronic HCV infection susceptibility in this study's Chinese cohort.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Alleles ; Case-Control Studies ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; Genotype ; Hepacivirus ; Hepatitis C, Chronic ; blood ; genetics ; virology ; Humans ; Interleukin-17 ; blood ; genetics ; Middle Aged ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; Young Adult