Prader-Willi syndrome( PWS) is a type of genetic disease,which is associated with low mus-cle tone,growth and development,progressive fatal obesity and sleep related respiratory disorders(SRBD). Ob-structive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome( OSAHS) is the most common type of SRBD. The cause,influencing factors and treatment of OSAHS in patients with PWS are described in this paper. To understand the degree of OSAHS in children with PWS,the polysomnography is recommended.

One hundred sixty cases were randomly divided into 2 groups, the treatment group and control group, and treated for 8 weeks by single blind administering method. Results revealed that the total effective rate (89. 5%) for clinical symptoms in the treatment group was far superior to that of control group (54. 2%). So was its effect on nervous functional defect. The total blood viscosity. plasmal comparative viscosity, platelet adhesion, thrombic elstic fingure. in vitro length of thrombus, were markedly improved (P

Platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), a potent chemotactic and mitogenic factor, is involved in the regulation of hematopoiesis and platelet production. Our studies demonstrate the presence of functional PDGF receptors (PDGFR) on human megakaryocytes/platelets and CD34(+) cells, and their ability to mediate a mitogenic response. PDGF promotes the ex vivo expansion of human hematopoietic stem (CD34(+)) and progenitor (CD41(+)) cells. More significantly, PDGF enhances the engraftment of human CD45(+) cells and their myeloid subsets (CD33(+), CD14(+) cells) in NOD/SCID mice. PDGF also stimulates in vitro megakaryocytopoiesis via PDGFR and/or the indirect effect on bone marrow microenvironment to produce TPO and other cytokines. It also shows a direct stimulatory effect of PDGF on c-Fos, GATA-1 and NF-E2 expressions in megakaryocytes. We speculate that these transcription factors may be involved in the signal transduction of PDGF on the regulation of megakaryocytopoiesis. PDGF also enhances platelet recovery in mouse model with radiation-induced thrombocytopenia. This radioprotective effect is likely to be mediated via PDGFR with subsequent activation of the PI3K/Akt pathway. It provides a possible explanation that blockage of PDGFR may reduce thrombopoiesis and play a role in imatinib mesylate-induced thrombocytopenia.
Animals ; Hematopoietic Stem Cells ; cytology ; Humans ; Megakaryocytes ; cytology ; Mice ; Platelet-Derived Growth Factor ; metabolism ; Receptors, Platelet-Derived Growth Factor ; metabolism ; Thrombopoiesis

Objective: To investigate the biological functions of the Cyr61 gene in human lung carcinomas. Methods: The Cyr61 expression levels in the cancerous and peri-cancerous tissues of 60 lung cancer patients were measured by real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Results: The expression of Cyr61 gene was down-regulated in 80% (48/60) primary lung cancer patients compared with the matched pericancerous tissues. The result was consistent with the immunohistochemical staining. Statistical analysis revealed that the difference between expression of cancerous tissues and the matched peri-cancerous tissues was significant [(2.742 ± 4.165) vs (4.933 ± 3.349), t = -5.112, P=0.000]. Furthermore, the clinical variables including tumor grade, tumor metastasis, tumor pathological classification, smoking, and family history influenced the level of Cyr61 expression (P<0.05). Conclusion: Cyr61 may play a key role in the progression of lung carcinoma and its protein might serve as an important target for the therapeutic intervention in clinic.

Animals ; Annexin A2 ; chemistry ; genetics ; metabolism ; physiology ; DNA Replication ; Endocytosis ; Exocytosis ; Humans ; Neoplasm Invasiveness ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; Prognosis ; Tissue Plasminogen Activator ; metabolism ; physiology

Objective To approach the efficacy and safety of arotinolol in treating essential hypertension.Methods The studies about arotinolol in treating essential hypertension were accessed by searching the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials(Issue 3,2008),MEDLINE(1991 to March 2009),EMbase(1991 to March 2009),CBMdisc(1991 to March 2009),and CNKI(1994 to March 2009).The relevant journals and conference proceedings also hand searched.Randomized controlled trials(RCTs) in which arotinolol was used to treat patients with essential hypertension were collected.Then the retrieved studies according to predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria were screened,the quality of included studies was evaluated,and Meta analysis was performed by using RevMan 4.2 software.Results A total of 176 articles were found and 6 of which were finally included.In homogeneity test:?2=4.41,df=7,P=0.73(efficacy);?2=2.96,df=4,P=0.56(safety).In combined test,Z=0.64(P=0.52),OR=1.17,OR95%CI(0.72-1.85)(efficacy);Z=1.75(P=0.08),OR=0.60,OR95%CI(0.34-1.06)(safety).Conclusion There is no significant difference in efficacy and safety between arotinolol and control group in treating essential hypertension.

Objective:To explore the language deficits in a single case of posterior aphasic to test the dual-system model of language processing and provide neurolinguistic basis for clinical language therapy.Method:A circumscribed posterior aphasic was selected,whose language data were collected through spontaneous talk,WAB test,and other language production tasks including picture-naming and sentence repetition.The language data were analyzed with the emphasis on syntax-lexicon dissociation and noun-verb dissociation.Result:For the posterior aphasic,lexicon was severely impaired while syntax was preserved relatively well;in comparison to lexical production,lexical comprehension was preserved better;noun-verb dissociation,especially NSD,was discovered.Conclusion:The syntax-lexicon dissociation and the relevant noun-verb dissociation can serve as powerful evidence for the dual-system model of language processing,and throw light on language therapy for posterior aphasics.

BACKGROUND: Levodopa substitutive therapy is essential and effective method for PD for a long time, but it can not delay the course of PD. Side effect is more and more and severe, for taking levodopa long term. It is benefit to patients to postpone the usage of levodopa or decrease the dosage of it.OBJECTIVE: To systematically investigate the curative effect of the selfmade Bushenpingchan formula combined with madopar on pathogenetic condition of PD patients after onset.DESIGN: Randomized controlled observation.SETTING: Senile Disease Research Center, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital University of Medical Sciences.PARTICIPANTS: Seventy patients diagnosed as having PD were recruited from the Xiyuan Hospital of Chinese Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine between December 1999 and May 2002. Inclusive criteria: The patients must be diagnosed as PD finally; ②be at 1.5-4 grade of modified Hoehn & Yahr measuring scale; ③less than 80 years old; ④The Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) diagnosis was deficiency of liver and kidney. Exclusive criteria: ①secondary PD; ②accompanying with other sever central nervous system diseases. ③patients with severe diseases of heart,lung, kidney or multi-viscera-failure; ④mental sickness patients; ⑤drug and alcohol abuse; ⑥severe adverse effect.METHODS: Totally 70 patients were divided into two groups based on the proportion of one to one: There were 35 patients in treatment group containing 22 males and 13 females. The average age was (67.9±16.5)years. There were 35 patients in control group including 25 males and 10females. The average age was (65.5±16.5) years. There was no significant difference in their general condition. Patients in the control group received 62.5-500 mg madopar (250 mg in each pill), 2-4 times a day (to change the dose according to patients' condition). The patients in the treatment group were given with 62.5-500 mg madopar (250 mg in each pill), 2-4times a day orally and 200 mL self-made Bushenpingchan formula (twice a day) in addition, which was composed of 20 g tuber fleeceflower root, 1 g hairy deerhorn, 10 g tall gastrodia tuber, 15 g gambirplant, 12 g Chinese thorowax root, 15 g twolobed officinal magnolia bark, twice a day. The course of medication was 3 month in patients of the two groups. The patients were determined with unified Parkinson disease rating scale (UPDRS) before treatment and at weeks 2, 4, 8 and 12 after treatment, respectively. The symptoms in traditional Chinese medicine after treatment were measured. The dose of madopar before and after medication as well as the adverse effect were observed.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Score of UPDRS before treatment and at weeks 2, 4, 8 and 12 after treatment in patients of the treatment group and control group; the dose of madopar before and after treatment and the adverse effect after treatment.RESULTS: Total effective rate was 69% and 51% in the treatment group and control group, respectively after treatment. There was no significant difference in therapeutic efficacy (x2=0.86, P=0.222 3). ①The score of UPDRS reduced significantly 8 weeks after treatment in the treatment group as compared with that before treatment (t=2.18 ,P ＜ 0.05). ②The daily dosage decreased in the patients of the treatment group after treatment as compared with that before treatment, which had significant difference (t =2.862 8,P ＜ 0.01 ). The daily dosage in the patients of control group had insignificant difference with that before treatment (t=2.320 3,P ＜ 0.01 ). ③There were 2 cases with lightly dry mouth, nausea, dizziness,which could relieve two weeks later in the treatment group; 5 patients with nausea and 2 patients with light dizziness in control group, which could relieve. The blood pressure had no significant change in the two groups before and after treatment.CONCLUSION: The Chinese medicine Bushenpingchan formula combined with western medicine can decrease the UPDRS score in PD patients,can improve the syndromes in Chinese medicine.

Objective To discuss the value of contrast-enhanced ultrasound and color Doppler in diagnosing esoph-ageal varices( EV) among patients suffering from portal hypertension. Methods The control group consisted of twenty nine patients without EV. Sixty patients with EV diagnosed by endoscopy were divided into two groups equal in number according to grade of EV. One being mild,the other was moderate to severe. All patients underwent color Doppler flow imaging and contrast-enhanced ultrasound, and the dynamic angiography data were collected. Time-in-tensity curves were drawn by software. The quantitative parameters including arrival time of hepatic artery ( HAAT) ,hepatic vein ( HVAT) and portal vein ( PVAT) ,damping index ( DI) of hepatic vein and portal vein ve-locity( PVV) were compared. Results The difference of PV-HV, PV-HA, PVV, DI showed statistically signifi-cant among the three groups(F=72.63,14.97,6.71,13.74,P<0.01). A comparison of the control and moderate to severe group among the above four parameters was statistically significant (P<0.01). PV-HV, PV-HA, DI in moderate to severe group showed statistically significant compared with mild group (P<0.01),however there exis-ted no significant difference grouping PVV between the two groups. Mild group contrasted to the control group,the differences of PV-HA were statistically significant (P<0.01), whereas PV-HV, DI, PVV displayed no significant difference. Conclusion Contrast-enhanced ultrasound and color Doppler are helpful in diagnosing EV,which is ex-pected to become a new noninvasive method.

Background and purpose:Breast cancer can be divided into several molecular subtypes according to its biomarkers. The pattern of distant metastasis has a great clinic significance but was rarely investigated. This study investigated the impact of molecular subtype of breast cancer on initial sites of metastasis..Methods:All the patients with operable invasive breast cancer diagnosed in Zhongshan People’s Hospital between 1998 and 2004 were recruited. Subtypes were defined as Luminal A, Luminal B, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER-2) enriched, and triple negative (TN) according to the expression of estrogen receptor (ER), progestogen receptor (PR) and HER-2 status. The first distant metastatic sites and the time of their appearances were recorded. Survival curves were constructed using the Ka-plan-Meier technique.Results:Among 390 eligible patients, there were 215(55.1%) with Luminal A, 43 (11.0%) with Lu-minal B, 52 (13.3%) with HER-2 enriched, and 80 (20.5%) with TN. The median follow-up time was 118 months (11-163 months). Seventy-two (18.5%) distant metastases occurred during follow-up: 37 metastases in Luminal A, 8 in Luminal B, 10 in HER-2, 17 in TN. Bone was the most common site of the first distant metastasis (39/72, 54.2%) followed by lung (25/72, 34.7%), liver (22/72, 30.6%), and brain (7/72, 9.7%). Among all the metastases, tumors of Luminal type (Luminal A 70.2%, Luminal B 50.0%) had a higher chance of bone involvement than that of HER-2 enriched (30.0%) and TN (35.3%,P=0.03). Both Luminal B (37.5%) and TN (17.6%) subtypes had a higher percentage of brain involvement than Luminal A and HER-2 enriched (P=0.01). The survival analysis showed no significant difference among the four subtypes in 9-year distant metastasis-free survival. However, distant metastasis appeared earlier in HER-2 enriched and TN breast cancer than in Luminal type.Conclusion:Organ-specific metastasis may depend on the molecular subtype of breast cancer. Bone metastasis occurs more in luminal type than in other types. Luminal B and TN types of tumors had more chance of brain metastasis than Luminal A and HER-2 enriched type of tumors.