Background: and Purpose Symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage (sICH) following endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) is a severe complication associated with adverse functional outcomes and increased mortality rates. Currently, a reliable predictive model for sICH risk after EVT is lacking. Methods: This study used data from patients aged ≥20 years who underwent EVT for anterior circulation stroke from the nationwide Taiwan Registry of Endovascular Thrombectomy for Acute Ischemic Stroke (TREAT-AIS). A predictive model including factors associated with an increased risk of sICH after EVT was developed to differentiate between patients with and without sICH. This model was compared existing predictive models using nationwide registry data to evaluate its relative performance. Results: Of the 2,507 identified patients, 158 developed sICH after EVT. Factors such as diastolic blood pressure, Alberta Stroke Program Early CT Score, platelet count, glucose level, collateral score, and successful reperfusion were associated with the risk of sICH after EVT. The TREAT-AIS score demonstrated acceptable predictive accuracy (area under the curve [AUC]=0.694), with higher scores being associated with an increased risk of sICH (odds ratio=2.01 per score increase, 95% confidence interval=1.64–2.45, P<0.001). The discriminatory capacity of the score was similar in patients with symptom onset beyond 6 hours (AUC=0.705). Compared to existing models, the TREAT-AIS score consistently exhibited superior predictive accuracy, although this difference was marginal. Conclusions The TREAT-AIS score outperformed existing models, and demonstrated an acceptable discriminatory capacity for distinguishing patients according to sICH risk levels. However, the differences between models were only marginal. Further research incorporating periprocedural and postprocedural factors is required to improve the predictive accuracy.

Background: and Purpose Symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage (sICH) following endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) is a severe complication associated with adverse functional outcomes and increased mortality rates. Currently, a reliable predictive model for sICH risk after EVT is lacking. Methods: This study used data from patients aged ≥20 years who underwent EVT for anterior circulation stroke from the nationwide Taiwan Registry of Endovascular Thrombectomy for Acute Ischemic Stroke (TREAT-AIS). A predictive model including factors associated with an increased risk of sICH after EVT was developed to differentiate between patients with and without sICH. This model was compared existing predictive models using nationwide registry data to evaluate its relative performance. Results: Of the 2,507 identified patients, 158 developed sICH after EVT. Factors such as diastolic blood pressure, Alberta Stroke Program Early CT Score, platelet count, glucose level, collateral score, and successful reperfusion were associated with the risk of sICH after EVT. The TREAT-AIS score demonstrated acceptable predictive accuracy (area under the curve [AUC]=0.694), with higher scores being associated with an increased risk of sICH (odds ratio=2.01 per score increase, 95% confidence interval=1.64–2.45, P<0.001). The discriminatory capacity of the score was similar in patients with symptom onset beyond 6 hours (AUC=0.705). Compared to existing models, the TREAT-AIS score consistently exhibited superior predictive accuracy, although this difference was marginal. Conclusions The TREAT-AIS score outperformed existing models, and demonstrated an acceptable discriminatory capacity for distinguishing patients according to sICH risk levels. However, the differences between models were only marginal. Further research incorporating periprocedural and postprocedural factors is required to improve the predictive accuracy.

Background: and Purpose Symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage (sICH) following endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) is a severe complication associated with adverse functional outcomes and increased mortality rates. Currently, a reliable predictive model for sICH risk after EVT is lacking. Methods: This study used data from patients aged ≥20 years who underwent EVT for anterior circulation stroke from the nationwide Taiwan Registry of Endovascular Thrombectomy for Acute Ischemic Stroke (TREAT-AIS). A predictive model including factors associated with an increased risk of sICH after EVT was developed to differentiate between patients with and without sICH. This model was compared existing predictive models using nationwide registry data to evaluate its relative performance. Results: Of the 2,507 identified patients, 158 developed sICH after EVT. Factors such as diastolic blood pressure, Alberta Stroke Program Early CT Score, platelet count, glucose level, collateral score, and successful reperfusion were associated with the risk of sICH after EVT. The TREAT-AIS score demonstrated acceptable predictive accuracy (area under the curve [AUC]=0.694), with higher scores being associated with an increased risk of sICH (odds ratio=2.01 per score increase, 95% confidence interval=1.64–2.45, P<0.001). The discriminatory capacity of the score was similar in patients with symptom onset beyond 6 hours (AUC=0.705). Compared to existing models, the TREAT-AIS score consistently exhibited superior predictive accuracy, although this difference was marginal. Conclusions The TREAT-AIS score outperformed existing models, and demonstrated an acceptable discriminatory capacity for distinguishing patients according to sICH risk levels. However, the differences between models were only marginal. Further research incorporating periprocedural and postprocedural factors is required to improve the predictive accuracy.

Objective:To evaluate preoperative high-resolution thin-layer cervical enhanced CT used to predict the venous route of the submental flap reflux vein and its relationship with adjacent structures in order to guide the anatomical understanding and protection of submental flap in pharyngeal cancer surgery.Methods:Sixty consecutive patients with pharyngeal cancer who underwent submental flap repair surgery in our department from March 2022 to December 2024, as well as 60 patients who were accepted neck dissection suffering other cancers, were selected. Before surgery, high-resolution cervical enhanced CT scans were performed, and the position of the transverse section of the facial vein in the venous phase horizontal image gradually variation tendency was focused layer by layer. The direction and adjacent relationship of the submental flap reflux veins were determined and recorded. Combined with 60 patients with other head and neck tumors who underwent neck dissection in our department during the same period (a total of 120 cases, 240 sides), the classification and management of the draining veins of Fang′s mental flap were conducted. Type Ⅰ mainly drains into the internal jugular vein; Type Ⅱ mainly drains into the external jugular vein and Type Ⅲ mainly drains into the anterior jugular vein (often accompanied by an external jugular draining branch). The status and proportion of venous drainage were analyzed.Results:Vascular predictive coincidence rate was 98.3% (59/60) among the 60 patients with pharyngeal cancer. Only one patient was predicted to have a simple return to the external jugular vein. However, during the operation, in addition to the main return to the external jugular vein, a small portion also returned to the internal jugular vein. Submental flap reflux vessels were classified into three types based on intraoperative submental flap venous return in 60 cases of laryngopharyngeal cancer, in conjunction with the analysis of venous return patterns from 240 cervical CT scans. Type Ⅰ mainly refluxed to the internal jugular vein, accounting for 42.1%. Type Ⅱ mainly refluxed to the external jugular vein (47.9%). Type Ⅲ mainly refluxed to the anterior jugular vein (10.0%). The total detection rate of CT reading of 240 venous reflux was 98.7% (237/240). Vascular predictive coincidence rate was 97.9%(235/240).Conclusion:The detailed analysis of submental venous return vessels can accurately predict the direction of reflux veins and its surrounding areas by preoperative high-resolution enhanced CT scan. This provides reliable guidance for the anatomy and protection of the submental flap reflux veins during surgery.

AIM To investigate the effects of Shuyu Pills combined with evolimus on the epithelial mesenchymal transformation of triple negative breast cancer cells 4T1 and MDA-MB-231 induced by TGF-β1.METHODS The 4T1 and MDA-MB-231 cells were divided into the blank group and the induction group to induce the epithelial mesenchymal transformation with TGF-β1 cytokine treatment,followed by the assignment into the model group,the Shuyu Pills group,the everolimus group and the Shuyu Pills combined with everolimus group.CCK8 method,plate cloning method,cell scratch test and Transewll test were used to detect the proliferation,cloning formation,migration and invasion ability of the cells whose expressions of E-cadherin,N-cadherin,Vimentin,MMP9,MMP2 and pathway proteins PTEN,PI3K,Akt and mTOR were detected by Western blot.RESULTS Compared with the blank group,the induction group displayed a cell morphological change from epithelioid to stromal,decreased expression of E-cadherin protein(P＜0.01);and increased protein expressions of N-cadherin and Vimentin(P＜0.05).Compared with the model group,each group intervened with the medicine displayed decreased proliferation,clone formation,migration and invasion ability of both kinds of cells(P＜0.01);increased protein expressions of PTEN and E-cadherin(P＜0.05,P＜0.01);and decreased protein expressions of PI3K,Akt,mTOR,N-cadherin,Vimentin,MMP9 and MMP2(P＜0.05,P＜0.01);and more significantly in the Shuyu Pills combined with evolimus group(P＜0.05,P＜0.01).CONCLUSION With a more ideal effect than the single uses in inhibiting the TGF-β1-induced epithelial mesenchymal transformation of triple-negative breast cancer cells,the combination use of Shuyu Pills and everolimus may work through the regulation of PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway.

Aim To explore the compatibility and po-tential mechanism of effective components of Biejia-Ezhu against triple negative breast cancer(TNBC)and verify it by experiments.Methods Effective compo-nents and targets of Biejia-Ezhu were obtained by TC-MSP and Swiss Target Prediction.Disease targets of TNBC were obtained from OMMI and GeneCards data-bases.The PPI network was constructed using STRING database.GO and KEGG path enrichment analysis was performed using DAVID database.Cytoscape3.9.1 software was used to construct the"drug-component-target-disease"network,screen key targets and compo-nents for molecular docking,and further verify the com-patibility of key components and targets in vitro.Re-sults ① A total of 71 effective components were iden-tified in the Biejia-Ezhu drug pair.There were 146 drug targets associated with the disease.A total of 113 signaling pathways were identified by KEGG analysis.The 71 potential active components of Biejia-Ezhu mainly acted on key targets such as mTORC1,ULK1,TNF,EGFR,ESR1,STAT3,HIF1A,and PTGS2.Mo-lecular docking results showed that glycine and curcu-min were the key active components of Biejia-Ezhu,and both had strong docking activity against key target proteins mTORC1 and ULK1.②The results of in vitro experiment showed that glycine combined with curcu-min significantly inhibited the proliferation and clonal formation ability of TNBC cells(P＜0.05),up-regula-ted the expression of autophagy marker LC3 Ⅱ/Ⅰ,down-regulated the expression of EGFR,down-regula-ted the expression of pathway protein mTORC1,p-mTOR,p-ULK1,and promoted the expression of path-way protein ULK1(P＜0.05).Conclusion The key component of Biejia-Ezhu against triple-negative breast cancer is glycine-curcumin,the mechanism of which may be related to the regulation of the mTORC1/ULK1 signaling pathway to promote autophagy.

Aim To compare the observation results of atomic force microscopy(AFM)and scanning electron microscopy(SEM),and to summarize the main problems and solutions of AFM in observing biological macromolecules,using the observa-tion subjects of protein samples purified by our research group.Methods The protein samples were diluted to 15 nmol·L-1 with PBS,fixed on glass slides,silicon wafers,and mica sheets,dried,and made into solid-phase observation samples.SEM sam-ples were plated with platinum before observation.The surface structures of proteins were observed using AFM and SEM,sample heights were calculated,and differences in results were com-pared.Results Protein samples with positive charges tended to shift to the right during observation due to the repulsion of the AFM probe;mica sheets could effectively eliminate the positive charge of proteins to avoid sample movement;PBS provided a stable environment for protein samples,but the crystallization of PBS salts interfered with probe operation and imaging clarity;SEM samples needed to be plated with platinum before observa-tion and could not achieve the precision of AFM.Conclusions Both AFM and SEM can directly observe protein structures in vitro,with AFM providing higher precision results;when protein sample stability permits,ultrapure water is preferred as the sol-vent carrier,and volatile liquids such as ethanol can also serve as solvent carriers.The application of AFM offers a new approach for pharmacological studies on interactions between biological macromolecules.

In this study,indigo-dyed cotton and silk textiles were subjected to simulated aging treatments by ultraviolet light(UV)and hydrochloric acid solution(pH=2)according to the potential preservation environments of ancient textile cultural relics.Scanning electron microscope(SEM)was used for microstructural observation of the simulated textiles,and a combination method of ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry(UPLC-Q-TOF-MS)and portable Raman spectroscopy(P-RS)was developed for detection of indigo dye in cotton and silk textiles before and after aging.The results revealed that,in silk samples after UV aging and acid aging,the indigo dye along with isatin which was the indigo degradation product could be detected by UPLC-Q-TOF-MS,while in cotton samples after UV aging and acid aging,the signal of isatin was less prominent although the characteristic peaks of indigo were detectable.However,the characteristic signals of indigo in both UV-aged and acid aged textiles could be effectively detected by P-RS,which provided a quick and convenient method for detection of indigo dye in textiles.Compared with UV aging and acid aging,acid-aged samples exhibited a more robust signal response to indigo dye,offering a rapid and non-destructive method for indigo detection.The developed UPLC-Q-TOF-MS and P-RS methods could be used in efficient and rapid identification of indigo dye,which hold potential in the preservation and restoration of ancient textile cultural relics.

Objective:To explore the composition of gut microbiome, the characteristics of virulence factor genes and their relationship with liver metabolic inflammation in overweight or obese children.Methods:A case-control design was conducted. From the children who visited the West China Second University Hospital of Sichuan University for medical or physical examinations between August 2021 and April 2022, a total of 23 obese children (obesity group), 8 overweight children (overweight group), and 22 healthy children (control group) were recruited. The body mass index of children was calculated after anthropometric measurements; metabolic inflammation indexes such as the levels of fasting blood glucose and hepatic function and renal function etc. were detected. The composition and abundance of gut microbiota in the feces of the children were detected by metagenomic sequencing technology and the Shannon index and Simpson index were calculated to assess the α diversity of virulence factor genes. The Wilcoxon rank-sum test was used for pairwise comparison between groups. The Spearman′s rank correlation test was used for correlation analysis, and the Benjamini-Hochberg method was used to correct the P-value of multiple tests. Results:The obese group included 23 children aged 8.5 (6.3, 11.8) years, of whom 9 (39%) were male. The overweight group consisted of 8 children aged 9.2 (5.5, 12.3) years, of whom 4 were male. The control group comprised 22 children aged 5.3 (5.1, 5.4) years, of whom 10 (45%) were male. The obese group exhibited higher levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), gamma-glutamyl transferase (γ-GT), globulin, and uric acid compared to those of the control group (all P<0.05), with ALT also higher than that of the overweight group ( P<0.05). The levels of fasting blood glucose, γ-GT, globulin, and uric acid in the overweight group were all higher than those in the control group (all P<0.05). The abundance of Coprococcus A (0.76 (0.00, 3.11) vs. 0.00 (0.00, 0.00), false discovery rate ( FDR)<0.05) and Parasutterella (0.89 (0.08, 1.79) vs. 0.00 (0.00, 0.08), FDR<0.05) in the gut of children in the obese group were both higher than those of the control group. The number of virulence factor genes in the obese group was higher than those of the control group (941 (886, 977) vs. 890 (807, 920), P<0.05). The Simpson index and Shannon index of gut microbial virulence factor genes in the obese group were both higher than those of the control group (0.993 (0.992, 0.993) vs. 0.991(0.990, 0.991), (5.50 (5.46, 5.56) vs. 5.37 (5.30, 5.43), both P<0.01). The abundance of gut microbiota virulence factors genes all showed positive correlations with fasting blood glucose, ALT, γ-GT, and uric acid levels in children (all r>0.3, all FDR<0.05). The abundance of 17 gut microbial virulence factor genes were all positively associated with γ-GT levels (all r>0.3, all FDR<0.05). The virulence factor genes (LpxH, LpxB, LpxK) of lipopolysaccharide were all positively correlated with plasma γ-GT and globulin levels (all r>0.3, all FDR<0.05). Conclusions:Overweight or obese children exhibited elevated liver metabolic-inflammatory markers compared to their normal-weight counterparts. Notably, obese children demonstrated gut microbiota dysbiosis accompanied by enrichment of virulence factor genes, which may promote liver metabolic inflammation through pathways such as lipopolysaccharide biosynthesis.

Objective:To evaluate the clinical characteristics, pathology, treatment and prognosis of blastic plasmacytoid dendritic cell neoplasm (BPDCN) in children.Methods:Clinical data (including gender, age of disease onset, affected sites, treatment, timing of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT), etc.) of 7 children with BPDCN who were admitted to Beijing Children′s Hospital, Capital Medical University from December 2018 to December 2023 were analyzed retrospectively. Clinical outcomes were also assessed, with patients followed up until December 2024.Results:Among 7 patients, there were 3 males and 4 females. Age at disease onset ranged from 3.2 to 12.9 years. Initial presentations included subcutaneous nodules in 5 cases, rash in 1 case, and ankle pain in 1 case. Extra-cutaneous involvement was seen in the bone marrow, lymph nodes, and central nervous system. Six patients received induction chemotherapy using a modified lymphoblastic lymphoma regimen, 1 patient received the high-risk protocol for pediatric lymphoblastic lymphoma/leukemia and salvage therapy regimens. Allo-HSCT was performed soon after chemotherapy remission. The time to bridge allo-HSCT was 3.5 to 6.5 months. The follow-up time was 1.6 to 6.0 years. Six patients were in disease-free survival, while 1 patient survived with disease after recurrence following transplantation.Conclusions:BPDCN is rare in children and presents diverse clinical manifestations, with skin involvement being the predominant feature. Early allo-HSCT following complete remission with chemotherapy can improve prognosis.