Objective: To observed the efects of estrogen and wall-shear stress alone or in combination on the proliferation and function of rat osteoblast in vitro. Methods: Isolated and purified osteoblast from the calvaria of newborn SD rats were cultured and passaged.The cells of passes three to four were treated with 0.1 nmol/L estrogen (goup E),wall-shear stress at 80 r/min (group WSS) or 0.1 nmol/L combined with wall-sher stress at 80 r/min (group EWSS) respectively.Cell proliferation was studied by MTT assay and alkline phosphatase (ALP ) by a ALP test kit. Results: Both the estrogen and wall-shear stress alone caused the increase of cells proliferation and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity.But long period of wall-shear stress decreased the cell proliferation.Wall-shear stress increased ALP activity more quickly and more remarkably than the estrogen did.The combination of estrogen and wall-shear stress increased the cell proliferation and the ALP activity.In the early stage (6～24 h) of the cell proliferation, the combination functioned synergicly.The combination functioned antagonistically on ALP from 6 to 12 h while synergicly after 12 h. Conclusion: Estrogen and wall-shear stress can elevate the cell proliferation, ALP activity of osteoblasts in vitro.

Objective To learn about polysomnography (PSG) of the patients with spinal muscular atrophy (SMA),and the improvement of the moderate-severe sleep disordered breathing(SDB) patients after non-invasive ventilation (NIV) treatment.Methods The PSG examination of 11 SMA patients in Children′s Hospital Affiliated to Capital Institute of Pediatrics was performed.The PSG results and the levels of breathing disorder of these patients were collected.These patients were divided into 2 groups as follows.The mild group:apnea hypopnea index(AHI) was between 5 to 10 times/h,or average pulse oxygen saturation(SpO2)>95%;the moderate-severe group:AHI>10 times/h,and average SpO2≤95%.The moderate-severe levels of the patients were treated with NIV.Then the improvement of PSG after the treatment was evaluated.Results Within the 2 cases of type 1 SMA,1 was moderate-severe,the other 1 was mild.There were 2 cases moderate-severer and 6 cases mild SDB cases of type 2 SMA.The only 1 case of type 3 was categorized as mild disorder.The average hypopnea index(6.3 times/h) was higher than apnea index(4.9 times/h).The indicators to distinguish the moderate-severe and mild groups were as follows:AHI,average SpO2,hypopnea index,and arousal index associated with respiratory case,and there were statistically significant differences(all P<0.05).Significant improvement in PSG of the 3 NIV-treated patients was observed and it remained in normal range.The following indicators also remarkably improved after NIV treatment were hypopnea index [(1.5±0.1) times/h vs.(11.5±4.6) times/h,t=3.741,P<0.05],AHI [(2.4±1.1) times/h vs.(17.4±8.1) times/h,t=3.196,P<0.05],and average SpO2 [(96.7±0.6)% vs.(94.3±1.2)%,t=-3.130,P<0.05].Conclusions There are different levels of SDB within SMA patients.The major characteristic of SMA patients is hypopnea.There are more moderate-severer SDB in type 1 than those in type 2.The average SpO2,arousal index associated with respiratory incidents,AHI,and hypopnea index can reflect the levels of SDB of SMA patients.Besides,the results indicate NIV treatment can significantly improve SDB of SMA patients.

Prader-Willi syndrome( PWS) is a type of genetic disease,which is associated with low mus-cle tone,growth and development,progressive fatal obesity and sleep related respiratory disorders(SRBD). Ob-structive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome( OSAHS) is the most common type of SRBD. The cause,influencing factors and treatment of OSAHS in patients with PWS are described in this paper. To understand the degree of OSAHS in children with PWS,the polysomnography is recommended.

Objective To evaluate the relationship of serum thrombospondin?1(TSP?1)with the micro?inflammation in maintenance hemodialysis(MHD),and to explore its clinical prognosis value in the MHD patients. Methods A total of 84 MHD patients in our hospital were enrolled and prospectively followed for 2 years. The serum levels of TSP?1 and clinical inflammatory markers were detected. Patients were divided into groups according to different serum TSP?1 levels. The clinical inflammatory markers were detected by using ELISA analysis. Pearson simple correlation analysis method was applied to analyze the correlation between TSP?1 levels and inflammation related indicators. At the same time the prognosis and turnover of MHD patients was analyzed by using Kaplan Meier survival curve and survival rate was compared by Deleted:compared log?rank test. Cox regression analysis was used to calculate the hazard ratio (HR) and Deleted:using 95% confidence interval (CI). Results The indexes of blood lipid and inflammatory factors in the TSP?1 high?level groups were higher than that in TSP?1 low?level groups (P<0.05). Correlation analysis showed that the serum TSP?1 level was positively correlated with the serum lipid and inflammatory factors. Survival curve analysis showed that the mortality rate of TSP?1 high?level group was higher than that of TSP?1 low?level groups. Cox hazards analysis revealed that the patients with high?level TSP?1 had a higher risk for mortality than these TSP?1 low?level patients. This predictive value still existed after multivariate adjustment for age,blood lipid,serum albumin and other factors (P < 0.001). Conclusion The serum TSP?1 levels were associated with micro?inflammation and had a significant value in predicating the prognosis of MHD patients.

At present, electron microscopy has played a more and more important role in the field of medicine.It is often used in the ultrastructure observation of various systems, mechanism research and clinical diagnosis of diseases.The role of electron microscopy in the etiological diagnosis of respiratory tract infection cannot be ignored, but its related review is less.By using electron microscopy, the morphological characteristics of respiratory tract pathogens can be accurately observed and the new respiratory tract infection pathogens can be classified and screened.In addition, through the combination of samples with patients′ serum and observation of immuno-electron microscopy, the host response to pathogens can also be understood.However, due to the high equipment requirements, technical difficulties, complex operation and other factors, electron microscopy is rarely used in conventional etiological diagnosis, and more used in laboratory basic research.In this paper, the advantages, disadvantages and significance of electron microscopy in the etiological diagnosis of respiratory tract are reviewed.

The trace elements (Mn, Cu, Zn, Fe) andCalcium, Magnesium in aged person's serum oflong-life area and control area were determined. Itwas found that the contents of Manganese, cop-per, and Calcium of aged person's serum in long-life area were significantly higher than those incontrol area (Manganese and Calcium are essentialelements for health and antiaging, Copper is an es-sential trace element to health). In the long-lifearea the contents of six kinds of elements (Mn,Cu, Zn, Fe, Ca, Mg)in the serum have no signifi-cant distinction between the male aged and thefamle aged. In the long-life area the contents of sixkinds of elements (Mn, Cu, Zn, Fe, Ca, Mg )inaged (61～90) person's serum have no significantincrease or decrease with the increase of age.Judged from serum compositions, the agedperson's serum of the long-life area have a betterspectrum of elements. The relationship betweenthe elements in this experiment and antiaging effect was discussed.

Objective To observe the ultrastructure of dimorphic Penicillium marneffeiisolates from wild bamboo rats (Rhizomys pruinosus) in Guangxi region as well as from a patient with penieilliosis marneffei,and to compare their biological characteristics and anti-oxidative mechanisms.Methods Two Penicillium marneffei strains,including one isolated from wild bamboo rats (Rhizomys pruinosus) in Guangxi region and one from a patient with penicilliosis marneffei,were cultured with or without the presence of 2.0 mmol/L hydrogen peroxide in potato dextrose agar (PDA) at 25 ℃ and in brain-heart infusion (BHI) broth at 37℃ for seven days.The shape of colony and growth of both strains were observed.Light microscopy was carried out to study the morphology,and transmission electron microscopy to observe the ultrastructure,of both isolates.Results Ater incubation with hydrogen peroxide,there was a slowdown in the growth of both Penicillium marneffei isolates at both mycelial phase and yeast phase,with an increase in the production of pigment at mycelial phase at 25℃.No obvious changes were observed at 37 ℃ in the morphology of either the clinical isolate or the bamboo rat isolate when cultured with hydrogen peroxide compared with those cultured without hydrogen peroxide.Light microscopy showed attenuated spore formation by the clinical isolate when cultured at 25 ℃ with hydrogen peroxide,crenation of both isolates when cultured at 37 ℃ with hydrogen peroxide.Under a transmission electron microscope,the mycelial cells of both isolates exhibited smooth cell walls,intact cell membranes,with nuclei,mitochondria,endoplasmic reticulum,lipid body,vacuoles of various sizes in the cytoplasm at 25 ℃,and even microbodies at 37 ℃,when cultured without the presence of hydrogen peroxide.After incubation with hydrogen peroxide,the cell wall of both isolates became incomplete with defects in some areas and uneven thickness,the cell membrane discontinuous with shrinkages and projections,and the cytoplasm was inhomogeneous with obvious phagocytosis and numerous phagocytic vacuoles.Conclusions The clinical and bamboo rat isolates of Penicillium marneffei experience different biological and morphological changes under oxidative stress,hinting differences in antioxidative mechanism between them.

Objective To evaluate the reliability and validity of extended reach lateral method by assessing the ability of lateral balance control in elderly people,and to provide a simple method to assess the ability of lateral balance control in order to provide a reasonable basis for fall prevention in elderly people.Methods 83 elderly people aged (77.3 ± 4.7) years were included in this study.Using lateral displacement of center of foot pressure as the criterion,the reliability and validity of extended reach lateral method was evaluated.Results Left and right sides of lateral reach were (14.7±0.4) cmand (14.9±0.3) cm.Left and right sides of center of foot pressure excursion were (8.5±1.9) cm and (8.5±1.5) cm.Lateral reach was significantly correlated with the center of foot pressure excursion (r=0.70,P＜0.001).Lateral reach had a high intraclass correlation coefficient (r=0.97,P＜0.05).Lateral reach was significantly correlated with age and height (r=-0.23 and 0.28,both P＜0.05),while it had no correlations with the foot length,foot pitch and handedness (all P＞0.05).Conclusions Lateral reach has a high reliability and validity to assess the ability of lateral balance control in elderly people,which is easy to be applicated and popularized.

51 cases of osteoporosis were put on clinical trial in our OPD and randomly assigned to TCM treatment group (N = 17), TCM control group and blank group. The total effective rate in the TCM treatment group obtained was 94. 1% and the significantly effective rate achieved 88. 2%. After the treatment, the density of the osseous tissue increased by 3-4%, main symptoms improved markedly, the serum calcium increased and the urine pyridine phenol decreased. All the findings were superior than that in the rest two groups. This composite is effective and safe (no side reactions) and worth put into large sale production.

Objective To investigate the inhibitory effect of celebrex on non-small cell lung cancer and its mechanisms.Methods the inhibitory effect of celebrex on NSCLC were detected by MTT Flow cytometry, electron microscope were used for evaluation of apoptosis and cell cycle block. The expression of P27 KIP1, XIAP were detected by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction.Results 1. celebrex inhibited cell survival of NSCLC in a time-dependent and concentration-depended manner, and the effect of celebrex were more pronounced in NCI-H520 than in A549.2.Flow cytometry show that celebrex induced a G0/G1 cell arrest in NSCLC. 3. The result of these apoptosis test' indicate that celebrex caused apoptosis in concentration-depended manner. 4.celebrex increased the expression of P27 KIP1,and decreased the expression of XIAP.Conclusions celebrex inhibited cell survival of NSCLC.Its mechanisms involved in cell cycle arrest and apoptosis.