The text has isolated 267 strains LAB from the traditional fermentative food in Sichuan. Using agar plate proliferation experiment and double-layer agar plate proliferation experiment (eliminating the effects of organic acid and H_2O_2, decreased after treatment with trypsin and papain) to screen a LAB of Bacteriocins P158 which has antibacterial action to Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Micrococcus luteus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Bacillus subtilis. P158 was isolated from fermented glutinous rice. Through detection of its appearance, physiological and biochemical characteristics and 16S rDNA gene sequence homology analysis, it was identified as Lactobacillus plantarum.

This article was to discuss the effectiveness of medial sural artery perforator pedicled flap or muscle flap in the treatment of soft tissue defect. Since 2002, 21 patients(14 males and 7 females)with prepatellar(n=7)or pretibial(n=14)defect had underwent soft tissue reconstruction. Ten of them obtained medial sural artery perforator pedicled flap and the rest received muscle flap. All the medial sural artery perforator pedicled flaps and muscle flaps survived well and the clinical outcomes were satisfactory. No remarkable donor site morbidity was found. According to our data. medial sural artery perforator pedicled flap or muscle flap may seem to be highly vascularized and have constant vascular anatomy and long vascular pedicle. They could be useful in the treatment of prepatellar or pretibial soft tissue defect.

Objective To evaluate the changes in the expression of CC-chemokine ligand 3 (CCL3) and CC-chemokine receptor 5 (CCR5) in the spinal cord during hyperalgesia induced by remifentanil in rats with incisional pain.Methods Thirty-two male Sprague-Dawley rats,aged 2-3 months,weighing 240-260 g,were randomly divided into 4 groups (n=8 each) using a random number table:control group (group C),incisional pain group (group Ⅰ),remifentanil group (group R) and remifentanil+incisional pain group (group R+I).A 1-cm longitudinal incision was made in the plantar surface of the left hindpaw in anesthetized rats.While the model of incisional pain was established,remifentanil was infused for 60 min at 1 μg · kg-1 · min-1.At 24 h before infusion of remifentanil (baseline) and 2,6,24 and 48 h after the end of infusion,the mechanical paw withdrawal threshold (MWT) and thermal paw withdrawal latency (TWL) were measured.The rats were sacrificed after the last measurement of pain threshold,the lumbar segment (L4-6) of the spinal cord was removed for determination of CL3 and CCR5 mRNA expression (by real-time PCR) and CL3 and CCR5 expression (by Western blot).Results Compared with group C,the MWT was significantly decreased,the TWL was shortened,and the expression of CCL3 and CCR5 mRNA and protein was up-regulated in I,R and R+ I groups.Compared with I and R groups,the MWT was significantly dccreascd,the TWL was shortened,and the expression of CCL3 and CCR5 mRNA and protein was up-regulated in group R+I.Conclusion The mechanism by which remifentanil induces hyperalgesia is related to up-regulated expression of CCL3 and CCR5 in the spinal cord of rats with incisional pain.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of Simulect for the prevention of acute rejection in renal allograft recipients receiving Neoral-based immunosuppressive regimen. Methods A prospective,multicenter and open-label clinical trial was conducted from March to October 2001.A total of 33 patients [20 men and 13 women; age range,18-63 years;mean age,(42.6?11.6) years] who received first kidney allograft were enrolled.Thirty-two cases had panel-reactive antibody

Simvastatin is a hypolipidemic drug that inhibits hydroxymethylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMGCoA) reductase to control elevated cholesterol,or hypercholesterolemia.Previous studies have shown that simvastatin may attenuate inflammation in ischemia-reperfusion injury and sepsis.Herein,we hypothesized that simvastatin may prevent rats from lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced septic shock.In our study,rats were divided into a saline group,an LPS group and an LPS plus simvastatin group.Male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were pretreated with simvastatin (1 mg/kg) for 30 min before the addition of LPS (8 mg/kg),with variations in left ventricular pressure recorded throughout.Ninety min after LPS injection,whole blood was collected from the inferior vena cava,and neutrophils were separated from the whole blood using separating medium.The neutrophils were then lysed for Western blotting to detect the levels of urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA) and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1).In addition,mesentery microcirculations of inlet diameter,outlet diameter and blood flow rate were measured in all three groups.The results indicated that simvastatin significantly promoted heart systolic function and increased the level ofuPA while simultaneously inhibited the expression of PAI-1 as compared with LPS group.Moreover,simvastatin reversed the LPS-induced inhibition of mesentery microcirculation.Taken together,it was suggested that simvastatin can effectively protect the rats from LPS-induced septic shock.

Objective To evaluate the effects of hydrogen on apoptosis in hippocampal neurons caused by sevoflurane anesthesia in neonatal rats.Methods Forty-eight healthy male Sprague-Dawley rats,aged 7 days,weighing 12-20 g,were randomly divided into 3 groups (n=16 each) using a random number table:control group (group C);sevoflurane anesthesia group (group S);hydrogen group (group H).In C and S groups,the rats inhaled 30％ oxygen and 3％ sevoflurane for 6 h,respectively.In group H,3％ sevoflurane and 2％ hydrogen were inhaled for 6 h.Eight rats in each group were randomly selected and sacrificed at 7 days after birth (after the end of oxygen,sevoflurane or hydrogen inhalation),and the hippocampus was removed for determination of the expression of activated caspase-3 and myelin basic protein by Western blot.At 28 days after birth,8 rats were selected,and Y-maze and Morris water maze tests were performed to evaluate the cognitive function.The total number of entries into each arm,the number of spontaneous alternation,escape latency and time of staying at the platform quadrant were recorded.Results Compared with group C,the percentage of spontaneous alternation was significantly decreased,the escape latency was prolonged,and the time of staying at the platform quadrant was shortened,and the expression of activated caspase-3 was significantly up-regulated,and the expression of myelin basic protein was down-regulated in group S.Compared with group S,the percentage of spontaneous alternation was significantly increased,the escape latency was shorten,and the time of staying at the platform quadrant was prolonged,and the expression of activated caspase-3 was significantly downregulated,and the expression of myelin basic protein was up-regulated in group H.There was no significant difference in the number of entries into each arm in Y-maze test between the three groups.Conclusion Hydrogen can inhibit apoptosis in hippocampal neurons caused by sevoflurane anesthesia in neonatal rats.

Objective To evaluate the effect of sevoflurane anesthesia on the expression of phosphorylated cAMP response element-binding protein (p-CREB) in the hippocampal neurons of developing rats.Methods Thirty-two healthy male Sprague-Dawley rats, aged 7 days, weighing 10-15 g, were equally and randomly divided into either control group (group C) or sevoflurane anesthesia group (group Sev) using a random number table.Group C inhaled 30％ oxygen for 6 h.Group Sev inhaled 3％ sevoflurane for 6 h.Eight rats in each group were sacrificed immediately after the end of oxygen or sevoflurane inhalation, and the hippocampus was removed for determination of the expression of p-CREB.The rats at ages 2 months underwent Morris water maze test.The rats were then sacrificed, and the hippocampus was removed for determination of the expression of p-CREB by Western blot.Results Compared with group C, the escape latency and swimming distance were significantly prolonged, the frequency of crossing the original platform was decreased, the percentage of the time of staying at the quadrant Ⅱ was decreased, and the expression of p-CREB in hippocampal neurons was down-regulated in group Sev.Conclusion The mechanism of sevoflurane anesthesia-induced neurotoxicity is related to inhibition of p-CREB expression in hippocampal neurons of developing rats.

Objective To summarize clinical application of the medial sural artery perforator pedicled flap for the coverage of soft tissue defects around the knee and upper one third of lower leg.Methods From May 2003 tO January 2007,16 patients(11 men,5 women)with soft tissue defects around the knee and upper one third of lower leg underwent reconstruction with the medial sural artery perforator pedicled flap.Of them,4 eases recipient site were located on the prepatellar region,2 cases were located on the anterolateral pateflar,1 case was located on the anteromedial patellar,and 9 cases upper one third oflowerleg.They ranged in age from 23 to 52 years(mean,36 years).The donor leg was ipsilateral in all cages. Results One ca8e sustained superficial infection postoperative and the gradual wound healed by daily wound dressings.All the flaps had survived completely without major complication with satisfactory clinical results. Follow-up period ranged from 3.0 months to 3.5 years(mean, 1.7 years)postoperatively.There was no remarkable donor site morbidity.All cases had good appearance and function in recipient site.There was no remarkable donor site morbidity. Conclusion The medial sural artery perforator flap is nourished by the musculocutaneous perforater of the medial sural artery.The flaps seem to has highly vascularize,a constant vascular anatomy and a long vascular pedicle.The flap is thin and suitable for the coverage of soft tissue defects around the knee and upper one third of lower leg.

Objective To explore the influence of the lactation exposure to fluoxetine on offspring's behavior and serotonin transporter (SERT) and tryptophan hydroxylase (TPH). Methods Six SD pregnant rats were randomly divided into 2 groups (n=3 each group). Experimental maternal rats were intraperitoneally injected with fluoxetine at a dose of 12 mg/kg from postnatal day 5 to 21. The control group were injected with the same amount of normal saline. In infancy, the offspring's weight, hair length, eye opening and auditory development were measured. The free suspension test and bur?ied food pellets test were applied to evaluate the offspring's behaviors. After postnatal day 21, all the offspring were wean. At early childhood (P35d) and adulthood (P75d), 6 offspring rats from each group were executed to examine SERT and TPH in the prefrontal cortex by immunohistochemistry. Results The offspring's weight of experimental group was significantly lower than control group (P<0.05). The sensitivity of auditory in experimental group was significantly higher than control group (P<0.01). The time of free suspension in experimental group significantly was decreased comparing to control group (P<0.01). The SERT and TPH in prefrontal cortex was significantly lower in experimental group than those in control group either at childhood (P35d) or at adulthood (P75d) (P<0.05). Conclusion Lactation exposure to fluoxetine re?sults in offspring's abnormal development and behaviors through down-regulation of SERT and TPH in the prefrontal cor?tex.

Abstract: Objective　To understand the distribution and drug resistance of common pathogens of fungal bloodstream infection in Sichuan, and to provide reference for clinicians to empirically treat fungal bloodstream infection. Methods　From November 1, 2019 to December 31, 2020, fungal strains isolated from blood culture of patients diagnosed with bloodstream infection in 19 tertiary first-class general hospitals in Sichuan Province were collected for mass spectrometry identification and drug susceptibility, and the results were statistically analyzed, along with a retrospective analysis of clinical data. Results　A total of 255 fungal strains were received and identified by mass spectrometry, 215 strains of Candida spp (84.3%), 28 strains of Cryptococcus neoformans (11.0%), 4 strains of Talaromyces marneffei (1.6%) and 8 strains of others (3.1%). Among the Candida spp 90 strains of Candida albicans, 39 strains of Candida parapsilosis complex, 36 strains of Candida glabrata, 33 strains of Candida tropicalis, 8 strains of Candida guilliermondii, and 9 strains of other Candida. In the department, the ICU was predominant, accounting for 35.7%. The top four Candida (Candida albicans, Candida parapsilosis complex, Candida glabrata, Candida tropicalis) were analyzed for drug sensitivity, Candida albicans and Candida parapsilosis complex group were more sensitive to antifungal drugs, the sensitivity rates of Candida albicans to fluconazole, voriconazole, anidulafungin, caspofungin, micarafungin were 89.2%, 92.8%, 97.6%, 97.6%, 96.4%, respectively. The sensitivity rates of Candida parapsilosis to fluconazole and voriconazole were 89.7% and 94.9%, and to anidulafungin, caspofungin and micafungin were all 100%. Echinocandins had stronger antibacterial activity against Candida spp., Candida parapsilosis complex and Candida tropicalis had 100% sensitivity to echinocandins, Candida albicans had more than 95% sensitivity to echinocandins, and Candida glabrata had about 90% sensitivity to echinocandins. Candida tropicalis was less sensitive to fluconazole and voriconazole with 66.7% and 54.5%, and the sensitivity of Candida glabrata to fluconazole was mainly concentrated in susceptible dose dependent (SDD), accounting for 91.4%. The four Candida species did not show resistance to amphotericin B, all of them showed wild-type strains, Candida tropicalis showed the highest non-wild-type rate to posaconazole and itraconazole with 21.2% and 36.4%, and the drug sensitivity results of Cryptococcus neoformans showed that 4 out of 23 strains showed resistance to amphotericin B (non-wild-type) and 3 strains showed resistance to fluconazole (non-wild-type). Conclusions　The fungus of bloodstream infection is mainly Candida spp.. Among of them, Candida albicans accounts for the highest percentage, echinocandins have good antibacterial effect on Candida, Candida is sensitive to amphotericin B as wild type, but Candida tropicalis has slightly higher resistance rate to fluconazole and voriconazole, and the non-wild type rate of Cryptococcus neoformans to amphotericin B is increasing, and clinicians should pay high attention to the rational use of antifungal drugs.