Objective To investigate the serum levels of Th1 and Th2 cytokines and explore its roles in development and clinical features in the elderly patients with eczema. Methods The serum levels of interleukin-2(IL-2),interleukin 4(IL-4),interleukin-10(IL-10),interleukin-12(IL-12) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) were derected in 50 elderly patients with eczema and 34 healthy elderly as control by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The above cytokines were compared between acute and chronic,generalized and localized eczema. Results The serum levels of IL-2 [(16.03±0.47)vs.(15.72±0.33) μg/L],IL-4[(14.04±0.56) vs.(13.56±0.16) μg/L],IL-10 [(33.01±5.40) vs.(29.49± 1.07) μg/L],IL-12 [(39.32± 3.54) vs.(37.93± 1.17) μg/L]and TNF-α [(27.33±0.72) vs.(26.38±0.48) μg/L] were higher in elderly eczema than in control (t/t'=3.55,5.74,4.49,2.58,6.69,all P＜0.05).The serum levels of all cytokines tested in acute eczema(t/t'=3.59,4.68,3.35,2.00,6.44,all P＜0.05),the levels of IL2,IL-4,IL-10 and TNF-α t'=2.46,5.50,3.83,3.10,P＜0.05,but not IL-12 (t'=1.77,P＜0.05) inchronic elderly eczema were increased as compared with control ( P ＜0.05).No significant difference was found in cytokines levels between acute and chronic eczema (P＞0.05)as well as between generalized and localized eczema(t=0.18,5.74,4.49,0.91,0.25,1.11,P＞0.05). Conclusions Changes of Th1 and Th2 cytokines may play some role in the pathogenesis of elderly eczema,but not characterized by clinical types of eczema.

Purpose To investigate the clinical utility of DAB2IP (DOC-2/DAB2 interactive protein)and β-catenin expression in bladder urothelial carcinoma (BUC).Methods The expression of DAB2IP and β-catenin was detected in 104 BUC cases and 40 peritumorial tissues using EnVision two-step immunohistochemical method,and the association with BUC clinicopathological parameters was analyzed.Results The expression of DAB2IP in BUC was significantly less than that of peritumorial normal tissues,and the expression of β-catenin in BUS was significantly higher than that of peritumorial normal tissues (P ＜ 0.05).DAB2IP expression and histologic grading,clinical pathologic staging and 5 years survival rate had statistical significance (P ＜ 0.05).No statistical significance with gender,age,tumor diameter and in patients with incipient/recurrence.β-catenin expression and age,histologic grading,clinical pathologic staging,tumor diameter and 5 years survival rate have statistical significance (P ＜ 0.05).No statistical significance correlated with gender and in patients with incipient/ recurrence,DAB2IP and β-catenin expression in BUC are negatively correlated (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion In bladder urothelial carcinoma,down-regulation of DAB2IP and up-regulation of β-catenin,are in a negative correlation.Abnormal expression of DAB2IP and β-catenin is correlated with histologic grading,clinical pathologic staging and prognosis.

Objective To investigate the effects of vacuum suction stereo-dynamic interferential electrotherapy and McKenzie therapy on lumbar disc herniation in aged patients.Methods 70 aged patients with lumbar disc herniation are randomly divided into two groups,experiment group and control group.Each contained 35 patients.Both are treated 15 min daily with the SD5101 therapeutic.For the experiment group,McKenzie therapy is employed 3～4 times per day additionally.They were evaluated with Graded Efficacy For Relieving Lumbar Pain before and after treatment.Follow-up observation lasted for 10 months to record the time of treatment and recurrence rate of both groups.Results For short-term curative effect,no statistical differences were observed between these two groups(P>0.05).For the curative effects on single-segment or multi-segment lumber disc herniation,statistical differences were observed before and after treatment in each group(P<0.05),but were not between them(P>0.05).The curative effects are negatively correlated with the course of treatment(For experiment group:r=-0.72;For control group:r=-0.64).No statistical differences were observed between these two groups in terms of the total correlation coefficient(P>0.05).The time of treatment in experiment group is shorter than that in control group(P<0.05).The recurrence rate in experiment group is lower than in control group(P<0.01).Conclusion Vacuum suction stereo-dynamic interferential electrotherapy combining with McKenzie therapy is an efficient method in treating aged patients with lumbar disc herniation.

Taxa-4(5),11(12)-diene is the precursor for paclitaxel biosynthesis. The diterpenoid paclitaxel (marketed as Taxol), a plant secondary metabolite isolated from yew, is an effective drug widely used in the treatment of numerous cancers. However, further application of taxol has been restricted due to its low yield in plants and the difficulties in extraction. To increase the intact isoprene flux, we constructed the fusion gene plasmid pBgGGTS and individual cassette plasmid pBgGGgTS to enhance the expression levels of geranylgeranyl diphosphate synthase gene (ggpps) and a taxadiene synthase gene (ts) in Coprinopsis cinerea. These two plasmids were separately transformed into C. cinerea LT2 strain, resulting in several putative transformants. Putative transformants were determined by PCR technique, indicating that 5 out of 13 putative transformants transformed by pBgGGTS and 6 out of 13 putative transformants transformed by pBgGGgTS, respectively. Additionally, the Southern blotting analysis of these 10 transformants confirmed that both ggpps and ts gene were stably integrated into the genome of C. cinerea. Crude extracts from each of the transformants were analyzed. There is no difference in the mycelium extracts among the wild-type LT2 and two types of transformants. However, analysis of culture filtrates indicated that an additional GC peak was found at the retention time of 16.762 min which was absent in the wild type control. The mass fragmentation pattern of this peak had the same diagnostic ions with taxa-4(5),11(12)-diene. According to peak area, the amounts of taxa-4(5),11(12)-diene in each fermented broth were 44 ng/L (transformed with pBgGGgTS) and 30 ng/L (transformed with pBgGGTS), respectively. In conclusion, co-expression of the ggpps and ts gene could increase the taxadiene production in C. cinerea.
Agaricales ; metabolism ; Alkenes ; metabolism ; Diterpenes ; metabolism ; Farnesyltranstransferase ; genetics ; metabolism ; Genetic Engineering ; Isomerases ; genetics ; metabolism ; Paclitaxel ; Plasmids

OBJECTIVE:To explore the effects of extracts from Siegesbeckiae herba (HS) on doxorubicin (DOX)-induced chronic myocardial injury in mice. METHODS:48 mice were randomly divided into 3 groups. Mice in blank control(Con)group received distilled water once every day,ig,and normal saline(2 mL/100 g)once every day,ip,for 8 weeks;mice in DOX mice received distilled water(2 mL/100 g)once every day,ig,and DOX(3 mg/kg)once every week,ip,for 8 weeks;mice in DOX+HS group received HS(340 mg/kg)once every day,ig,and DOX(3 mg/kg)once every week,ip,for 8 weeks. After administra-tion,body mass,heart coefficient,cardiac function changes,serum biochemical index levels [alanine aminotransferase(ALT),as-partate aminotransferase (AST), creatine phosphokinase (CK), creatine kinase isoenzyme (CK-MB), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH)and total cholesterol(TC)] of mice were determined. RESULTS:Compared with Con group,body mass of mice in DOX group was decreased(P<0.01);heart coefficient was increased(P<0.05);heart rate slowed down,R-wave was increased(P<0.05 or P<0.01);serum biochemical indexed were increased,there was significant difference in AST(P<0.01). Compared with DOX group,heart coefficient of mice in DOX+HS group was decreased (P<0.01);heart rate was increased (P<0.01);serum biochemical indexes were decreased,there was significant differences in CK,LDH,TC(P<0.01). CONCLUSIONS:HS has cer-tain protective effects on DOX-induced chronic myocardial injury in mice.

Objective To investigate the mechanism of recurrent laryngeal nerve injury during total thyroidectomy.Methods The clinical data of 36 patients suffering from recurrent laryngeal nerve injury in total thyroidectomy from 2003 to 2014 was analyzed retrospectively.Results 21 cases had temporary recurrent laryngeal nerve injury while 16 cases had permanent injury.The cases of injury included giant thyroid goitre,with variation of recurrent laryngeal nerve,undergoing secondary surgery,with tumor invasion and complicating thyroiditis.During the first surgery,the incidence of temporary recurrent laryngeal nerve injury was 0.43％,and the incidence of permanent damage was 0.27％.The temporary and permanent injury incidence of secondary surgery after initial subtotal thyroidectomy was 4.59％ and 4.59％,respectively.For patients with grade 3 thyroid gland,that was 1.81％ and 0.30％,respectively and 0.51％,0.72％ respectively in malignant cases.In cases complicating thyroiditis temporary recurrent laryngeal nerve injury occurred in 1.01％.Conclusions There is increased risk of recurrent laryngeal nerve injury in giant goiter cases undergoing secondary operations.Hence it is suggested that initial surgical procedure be hemithyroidectomy or total thyroidectomy

Objective To investigate the prevalence rate of heart valve calcification and its relativity with pathological changes and clinical pathogenic factors in elder patients at autopsy Methods Pathology data at autopsy of 1047 patients with age from 60 to 106 years in Beijing Hospital from November 1954 to March 2016 were collected.Cases of heart valve calcification verified at autopsy were retrospectively reviewed.The prevalence of heart valve calcification and its relativity with age,clinical disease and coronary atherosclerosis was investigated.Results Among 1047 autopsies,aortic valve calcification(AVC)was found in 15.2 ％ (n=159),mitral valve calcification(MVC)in 9.6 ％ (n=101),both AVC and MVC calcification in 5.4 ％ (n =57)and heart valve calcification in 19.4 ％ (n =203).The prevalence of heart valve calcification was 6.4％ (15/234)at age of 60-69,12.8％(37/289)at age of 70-79,22.5％(70/311)at age of 80-89 and 38.0％ (81/213) at age of 90-106 years,respectively(tendency x2 =82.523,P＜0.01).Calcification prevalence was significantly increased when complicated with coronary artery stenosis,hypertension,coronary artery disease (CAD),diabetes and chronic kidney disease (CKD).Multivariate regression analysis showed that age and CAD were independently risk factors for heart valve calcification(OR=1.066,95％ CI:1.048-1.086,P＜ 0.01;OR =2.238,95％ CI:1.396-3.589,P＜0.01,respectively),while hypertension,diabetes and CKD were not independent risk factors(OR =1.223,95％ CI:0.859-1.741,P＞ 0.05;OR =1.053,95％ CI:0.700-1.586,P ＞0.05;OR =0.924,95％ CI:0.610-1.399,P＞ 0.05,respectively).As compared with patients without heart valves calcification,patients with heart valve calcification had more increased risk for coronary atherosclerosis(OR =2.983,95a％CI:1.868-4.765,P＜0.01).Conclusions Prevalence of heart valve calcification is increased in elder patients with increasing age.Prevalence of heart valve calcification is higher in CAD patients than in non-CAD patients.And heart valve calcification is sigmficantly associated with coronary atherosclerosis.

OBJECTIVE To assess the treatment reliability of covered stent for carotid artery blowout after head and neck tumors resection. METHODS Five cases with postoperative rupture of carotid artery invaded by the head and neck tumor were reviewed. They presented with life threatening massive neck or oral bleedings. All of them were treated with self expanding covered stents through intervention therapy approach. RESULTS The covered stent were successfully deployed in the target arteries in all cases,the instant isolation effect was quite satisfactory. After treatment, angiography showed successful occlusion of the pseudoaneurysm, patency of carotid artery lumen, and significant improvement of clinical symptoms without neurologic dysfunction. Following up 2 to 36 months, 3 patients were alive with no disease, two patients died of recurrence. CONCLUSION For the treatment of carotid blowout, endovascular occlusion with covered stent is a minimally-invasive, safe and reliable methods.

Objective To investigate the accuracy of transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) for diagnosing left cardiac valve calcification in elderly patients.Methods In this retrospective study,410 elderly patients died in Beijing Hospital from 1982 to 2015 were collected.They all had full pathological cardiac valve examination data in the autopsy examination and full mortem TTE data.They were classified into three groups according to the year of death:group 1982-1995,group 1996-2005 and group 2006-2015,as well as into three groups according to the age of death:group 60-75,group76-90 and group 91-106.Results The sensitivity,specificity,diagnostic coincidence rate,positive likelihood ratio (PLR),negative likelihood ratio (NLR),positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value(NPV) of TTE versus autopsy pathological findings as golden standard for diagnosing left cardiac valve calcification were 88.6％,28.2％,43.7％,1.234,0.405,0.298 and 0.878.Compared with group 1982-1995,the group 1996-2005 and group 2006-2015 showed the sensitivity and PPV of TTE versus golden standard autopsy findings for diagnosing left cardiac valve calcification in the elderly were increased while the specificity,PLR,NLR and NPV were decreased.Compared with group 60-75,the group 76-90 and group 91-106 showed that the sensitivity and PPV of TTE versus golden standard autopsy findings for diagnosing left cardiac valve calcification were increased,while the specificity and diagnostic coincidence rate were decreased.The sensitivity,specificity,diagnostic coincidence rate,PLR,NLR,PPV,NPV of TTE versus golden standard autopsy findings for the diagnosis of aortic valve calcification and mitral valve calcification in the elderly were 88.2％ and 44.0％,30.8％ and 75.3％,42.7％ and 71.5％,1.275 and 1.780,0.382 and 0.744,0.250 and 0.198,0.909 and 0.906,respectively.Conclusions TTE provides high sensitivity for diagnosing left cardiac valve calcification in the elderly,especially for diagnosing the aortic valve calcification,but the specificity is not satisfactory.

Objective To evaluate the transfusion efficacy and safety of patients with non‐specificity irregular antibodies .Meth‐ods A total of 19 cases of patients with non‐specificity irregular antibodies were analyzed ,then the transfusion efficacy and the in‐cidences of adverse transfusion reactions were investigated .Blood donor samples with the same ABO blood type of patients were randomly collected ,then blood cross‐matching was carried out .And the transfusion efficacy and safety of patients with non‐specific‐ity irregular antibody were evaluated when compatible blood were found by using both micro‐column gel technique and saline meth‐od .Results The non‐specificity irregular antibodies of the 19 cases of patients all were IgG irregular antibodies .The erythrocyte transfusion was carried out in the 19 cases of patients ,the total efficiency rate ,partial efficiency rate and inefficiency rate was 73 .7% ,26 .3% and 0 .0% ,respectively .No delayed hemolytic transfusion reactions were observed in any patient .Conclusion For patients with non‐specificity irregular antibodies ,the blood transfusion could be efficacy and safety when compatible blood samples are confirmed by using both micro‐column gel technique and saline method .