2.5,and the other 3 cases showed SUV

There was almost one hundred years since surgical stapler invention to now. Using stapler (stitching instrument) in surgery has many advantages, such as stitching fast, easy to operating, few side effects and complications. It makes tumor excision surgery can’t be cut focus in past possible and improving the curative effect of the surgery. Surgical staplers also give difficult surgery and new technology strong supports. In the last ten years, for cheap price and rapid development of the technology level, domestic staplers’ market share is increasing year by year and breaking the foreign monopoly product. In open surgery, domestic stapler has progressively more than foreign brands. In endoscopy surgery, domestic staplers also have a place. In current, surgical staplers are used more and more popular in the domestic tertiary medical institutions and becoming indispensable tools in many surgeries. Surgical staplers (stitching instrument) are broadly used in esophageal reconstruction, gastrointestinal tract reconstruction, endoscopic surgery in pulmonary bulla resection, uterus resection, pancreas resection, duodenum resection

Objective To investigate the serum levels of Th1 and Th2 cytokines and explore its roles in development and clinical features in the elderly patients with eczema. Methods The serum levels of interleukin-2(IL-2),interleukin 4(IL-4),interleukin-10(IL-10),interleukin-12(IL-12) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) were derected in 50 elderly patients with eczema and 34 healthy elderly as control by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The above cytokines were compared between acute and chronic,generalized and localized eczema. Results The serum levels of IL-2 [(16.03±0.47)vs.(15.72±0.33) μg/L],IL-4[(14.04±0.56) vs.(13.56±0.16) μg/L],IL-10 [(33.01±5.40) vs.(29.49± 1.07) μg/L],IL-12 [(39.32± 3.54) vs.(37.93± 1.17) μg/L]and TNF-α [(27.33±0.72) vs.(26.38±0.48) μg/L] were higher in elderly eczema than in control (t/t'=3.55,5.74,4.49,2.58,6.69,all P＜0.05).The serum levels of all cytokines tested in acute eczema(t/t'=3.59,4.68,3.35,2.00,6.44,all P＜0.05),the levels of IL2,IL-4,IL-10 and TNF-α t'=2.46,5.50,3.83,3.10,P＜0.05,but not IL-12 (t'=1.77,P＜0.05) inchronic elderly eczema were increased as compared with control ( P ＜0.05).No significant difference was found in cytokines levels between acute and chronic eczema (P＞0.05)as well as between generalized and localized eczema(t=0.18,5.74,4.49,0.91,0.25,1.11,P＞0.05). Conclusions Changes of Th1 and Th2 cytokines may play some role in the pathogenesis of elderly eczema,but not characterized by clinical types of eczema.

Objective: To investigate the value of positron emission tomography/computerized tomography(PET/CT) with fluorine-18-labeled fluorodeoxyglucose(18FDG) for gastric carcinoma.Methods: Thirty-two patients(25 males,7 females,aged 31-82 years) suspected of gastric carcinoma underwent whole-body PET/CT after taking in 600 ml of water to distend the gastral cavity.The maximal standard uptake value(SUVmax) of the region of interest(ROI) in PET and the maximum width of the gastric wall in CT were analyzed.Pathological specimens were obtained from all the patients during surgery or gastroscopy.Results: 18FDG PET/CT found gastric carcinoma in 24 of the patients.The rates of positive and negative prediction and the accuracy of PET/CT in the diagnosis of the disease were 92.3%,100% and 93.8%.SUVmax was positively correlated with the maximum width of the gastric wall,but they exhibited no statistically significant differences between the patients with involved lymph nodes and those without.Based on the PET/CT findings,the 24 gastric carcinoma patients were clinically classified as follows: 9 in stage Ⅰ,1 in stage Ⅰ-Ⅱ,3 in stage Ⅱ,1 in stage Ⅲ and 10 in stage Ⅳ.Conclusion: 18FDG PET/CT is highly valuable for gastric carcinoma in its diagnosis,the evaluation of its biological behavior and determination of its treatment strategies.

The interference of noise and the weak edge characteristic of symptom information on medical images prevent the traditional methods of segmentation from having good effects. In this paper is proposed a boundary detection method of focus which is based on dyadic wavelet transform and active contour model. In this method, the true edge points are detected by dyadic wavelet transform and linked by improved fast active contour model algorithm. The result of experiment on MRI of brain shows that the method can remove the influence of noise effective and detect the contour of brain tumor actually.
Algorithms ; Brain ; anatomy & histology ; Humans ; Image Enhancement ; Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted ; methods ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Pattern Recognition, Automated ; methods

Objective To assess the effectiveness of pre-hospital therapeutic hypothermia after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) for survival and neuro-protection.Methods Databases such as Medline, ScienceDirect, Embase, Highwire, Cochrane Library, CNKI and Wanfang digital database were searched from January 2000 to March 2017 to retrieve randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on pre-hospital therapeutic hypothermia after OHCA. Thereafter, the studies retrieved were screened based on predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria. Data were extracted and the quality of the included studies was evaluated. A Meta-analysis was performed using the Cochrane Collaboration RevMan 4.3 software. Analysis of publication bias was depicted by funnel plot.Results Eight studies involving 3555 cases were included, among which 1804 cases were assigned to the treatment group and 1751 cases to the control group. Meta-analysis showed that compared with in-hospital therapeutic hypothermia, pre-hospital therapeutic hypothermia did not improve the survival rate of patients with OHCA [odds ratio (OR) = 1.00, 95％ confidence interval (95％CI) =0.85-1.18,P = 0.99], and neurological outcome at hospital discharge (OR = 0.97, 95％CI = 0.80-1.16,P = 0.71), but the body temperature was significantly lowered at admission [weighted mean difference (SMD) = -0.88, 95％CI = -1.03 to-0.73,P < 0.00001]. The funnel plot suggested that there was no publication bias in the 8 studies. But due to the low number of studies, the publication bias could not be completely excluded.Conclusion Pre-hospital therapeutic hypothermia after OHCA can decrease temperature at hospital admission, but cannot increase the survival rate and neurological outcome at hospital discharge.

Objective To investigate the value of bedside lung ultrasound B-line score in the diagnosis of acute heart failure (AHF). Methods A retrospectively analysis was conducted. The adult patients presenting with acute dyspnea in intensive care unit (ICU) of Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine from January 2016 to June 2017 were enrolled. An 8-zone lung ultrasound was performed and plasma B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) level was tested in all patients. AHF was determined as the final diagnosis by two experienced ICU doctors according to the diagnostic criteria of AHF. Patients were divided into two groups: AHF group and non-AHF group. The levels of BNP and B-line score were compared between the two groups, and the diagnostic value of BNP and B-line score in AHF was evaluated. Results Fifty-six patients were included in this study, with 32 of men and 24 of women,and with an average age of 77.3±8.8. Thirty-six patients were diagnosed as AHF. The level of BNP and lung ultrasound B-line score in AHF group were higher than those in non-AHF group [BNP (ng/L): 1 640.4±1 078.4 vs. 236.9±124.9,B line score: 12.8±5.3 vs. 5.4±1.8, both 1 < 0.01]. There was a strong correlation between elevated BNP levels and an increased B-lines score (R2 = 0.712, 1 = 0.000). The receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) showed that when the cut-off of lung ultrasound B-line score was 8.5, AHF could be discriminated from dyspnea caused by other diseases (sensitivity was 77.8%, specificity was 95%, positive likelihood ratio was 15.56, negative likelihood ratio was 0.23).The area under the ROC curve (AUC) of lung ultrasound B-line score was 0.917 [95% confidence interval (95%CI) =0.847-0.987, 1 = 0.000], slightly lower than that of plasma BNP [0.979 (95%CI = 0.951-1.008)]. Conclusion Lung ultrasound B-line score was highly specific, but moderately sensitive for identifying patients with AHF.

Objective To investigate the effect of a modified preputial flap urethroplasty in twostage treatment of severe hypospadias.Methods The clinical characteristics of the severe hypospadias patients (41 cases) who underwent the staged urethroplasty by using the procedure of preset urethral plate with preputial flap from January 2015 to December 2016 were analyzed retrospectively.We used a modified method (modified group,23 cases):Form the distal urethra with the transected distal urethral plate by using tubularize incised plate (TIP) procedure during the first stage operation,after completely straightened the penis,urethral plate was preseted with transverse preputial flap at the penis shaft.While in the traditional group (18 cases),urethral plate was preseted with preputial flap by using Bracka procedure after transecting urethral plate.The corresponding missing part of urethra underwent urethroplasty at the second stage operation six months later.The patients in the modified group were 9 to 18 months old,and the median age was 13 months;meatus were located at the penis shaft in 10 cases,scrotum in 12 cases,perineum in 1 case.The patients in the traditional group were 9 to 18 months old,and the median age was 13 months;meatus were located at the penis shaft in 6 cases,scrotum in 10 cases,and perineum in 2 cases.There was no statistic difference in age and meatus position between the two groups.Results During the first stage operation,distal urethra was repaired by 13-19 mm,with an average of (14.5 ± 1.3) mm,and the proximal urethra was repaired by 0-6 mm,with an average of (3.1 ± 2.4) mm at the modified group.While at the traditional group,the length of proximal urethra was repaired of 0-9 mm,with an average of (5.6:±:2.9) mm.The urethral length required for reconstruction was measured during the second stage operation,with an average of (26.3:t:4.4) mm in the modified group and (40.5 ± 3.3) mm in the traditional group (P ＜ 0.05).There were 3 case of urethral stricture after removed the catheter,with 2 cases in the modified group and 1 case in the traditional group.Postoperative follow-up was 2 to 3 years,with an average of 2.4 years.There were 3 cases (3/23,13.0％) of urethral fistula in the modified group and 3 cases (3/18,16.7％) in the traditional group.Ascended testis occured in 2 patients in the traditional group after operation.No case of urethrostenosis,diverticulum,chordee or concealed pennis was recorded.There was no significant difference in postoperative complications between the two groups (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusions The modified staged preputial flap method shorten the new forming urethra by making full use of its own materials at the second stage operation,which was helpful to reduce complications.

Objective To investigate the radionuclide radium-226 and natural uranium content in the main agricultural products around a decommissioned uranium tailings pondand to determine the radioactivity level in the food around the tailings pond. Methods From 2017 to 2021, several samples of rice and beans were collected in the surrounding area of the tailings pond for five consecutive years, and the concentrations of radium-226 and natural uranium were measured by a high-purity germanium gamma spectrometer. The annual accumulated effective dose of internal exposure caused by radium-226 ingested through local standard human diet was estimated by the indirect method. Results The detection rate of natural uranium in rice was 96.0%, and the detection rate of radium-226 was 74.0%; the detection rate of natural uranium in beans was 96.7%, and the detection rate of radium-226 was 73.3%. The annual accumulated effective dose caused by radium-226 ingested through diet was about 170.22 μSv/a in surrounding residents. Conclusion The concentrations of radium-226 and natural uranium in the main agricultural products around the tailings pond are within the limit of the national standard. By comparing with the research results in related fields in China, the radiation effects caused by radium-226 ingested through dieton the residents around the tailings pond are acceptable.

【Objective】 To analyze the cost-effectiveness of ELISA grey area strategy through establishing the health economics model. 【Methods】 The serological grey area strategy evaluation model was composed of screening strategy subdecision tree, pathogen infection subdecision tree and pathogen detection subdecision tree. The key parameters in the model were obtained from literatures and research data. The cost-effectiveness of setting ELISA grey area strategy was compared by software, and multifactor sensitivity analysis was conducted. 【Results】 After setting the ELISA grey area, extra samples(5.86 cases/100 000) with serological false negativity could be detected, including HBV samples at 4.93/100 000, HCV samples at 0.27/100 000, HIV samples at 0/100 000, syphilis samples at 0.66/100 000. To yield an additional seropositive sample out of every 100 000 blood donors, blood center will afford extra 1 million yuan about. 【Conclusion】 Through this study, a cost-effectiveness evaluation model of serological detection strategy was established. Although the ELISA grey area setting can yield a small number of seropositive samples, the cost is much higher than the current affordability.