Objective To explore the effect of palliative care on dyspnea and negative emotions in patients with lung cancer. Methods According to admission sequence, 100 lung cancer patients with dyspnea received palliative care both for 2 weeks. The differences of dyspnea and negative emotions before and after intervention were observed. Result After the intervention, the degree of dyspnea and negative emotions were significantly lower than that before (P<0.05). Conclusion The palliative care not only makes lung cancer patients physiologically and psychologically happy , but also lowers the level of anxiety and negative emotions , relieves dyspnea, and thus improves the quality of life.

Objective To evaluate the knee joint function at 3-7 years after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction with ligament advanced reinforcement system (LARS) artificial ligament and assess the morphologic changes of LARS artificial ligament in human tissues.Methods Fifty-seven patients (58 knees) undergone ACL reconstruction with LARS artificial ligament were recruited to this multi-factor retrospective study and divided into acute injury group and chronic injury group according to time between injury and operation.LARS artificial ligament harvested from the three patients (4 knees)who had an additional surgery were observed histologically.Results Knee joint function and range of movement were significantly improved after surgery (P ＜ O.O1),however subjective and objective estimation on knee joint function presented no statistical differences between the two groups (P ＞0.05).X-ray films and MRI revealed different degree of bone tunnel progressive augmentation in average 1.5 years,indistinctive correlation of knee joint stability with bone tunnel augmentation (P ＞ 0.5) as well as no statistical difference concerning incidence of tibial and femoral bone tunnel augmentation (P ＞ 0.05).Histological observation revealed well-arranged fiber tissue growth into LARS artificial ligament as well as fibrous joint among single-beam polyester fibers as well as a bundle of polyester fibers at postoperative 2 years.Conclusions (1) LARS artificial ligament gains a satisfactory knee joint stability and function in ACL reconstruction.(2) There exists bone tunnel augmentation that tends to stability at postoperative 1.5 years,but knee joint stability is not correlated to the extent of bone tunnel augmentation after surgery.(3) Postoperative data evaluation of acute injury and chronic injury is the same.(4) Human normal fibrous tissues grow into LARS artificial ligament regularly.

Objective To study the mechanism of hypoxia inducing factor-1α(HIF-1α)pathway in establishment of hypoxia inducing low endometrial receptivity.Methods RL95-2 cell lines.the ideal model of study ER,were cultured in hypoxia condition induced by CoCl2,and the expression of mRNA and protein of HIF-1α and tumor necrosis factor like weak inducer of apoptosis(TWEAK)were measured by reverse transcription-PCR and western blot. The apoptosis rate was analyzed by flow eytometry.Then the mechanism confirmed by comparing the two factors in endometrium and the ultra-appearance of inflammatory reaction and apoptosis between recurrent spontaneous abortion women and control women.Results (1)On difierent time point(0,12,24,48 hour),mRNA expression of HIF-1α were 0.272±0.010,0.354±0.020,0.591±0.020.0.890±0.020,while the expression of TWEAK were 0.104±0.010,0.510±0.020,1.021±0. 020, 1. 237 +0. 040, respectively, the expression level between 12, 24, 48 and 0 hour all showed significant differences (P＜0. 05 ). (2) Protein expression of HIF-1α were 0. 853 +0. 010, 0. 931 ±0. 030,1. 124±0.010, 1.317±0.0 20 respectively, while was 0.042±0.010, 0.091 ±0.010, 0. 131±0.020,0. 205 ±0. 030 in TWEAK expression, the different level were statistically significant ( P＜0. 05 ). ( 3 )With longer culture under hypoxia, the cell apoptosis rate increased obviously. The apoptosis rate of each time point were ( 3.2±1.4 ) %, ( 16. 2 ±3.2 ) %, ( 26. 3±3.5 ) %, ( 31.8±3.5 )%, the differences between 12, 24, 48 and 0 hour had significance (P ＜0. 05). (4) The positive rate of HIF-1α stained in epithelium cells and stroma cells of test group were 32. 3%, 8.4% and 16. 7%, 7. 3% in control group. The positive rate of TWEAK were 28. 3%, 3.9% in recurrent spontaneous abortion group and 11.6%, 2. 7% in control group ( P ＜0. 05 ). The ultra-appearance of inflammatory cell infiltrated and apoptosis were obvious in test group. Conclusions Cell inflammation reaction and apoptosis induced by HIF-1α pathway may participate the mechanism of hypoxia inducing low endometrial receptivity. HIF-1α might become a novel target for improving poor endometrial receptivity.

Objective:we aim to determine the relationship between Cell sarcoma (c-Src) expression in patients with EOC and the disease phenotype.Methods:c-Src expression was evaluated using Western blotting analysis in 21 ovarian carcinomas and 4 normal ovarian tissues.Immunohistochemistry was used to evaluate c-Src expression in 134 ovarian carcinomas and 26 normal ovarian tissues.The association between c-Src expression and clinically pathologic characteristics were also assessed in these patients.Results:Our results indicated elevated c-Src protein in EOCs compared with that in normal tissues.The overexpression of c-Src was significantly associated with aggressive features,such as advanced disease stage,poor histological grade,lymph node metastasis,and tumor recurrence (P＜0.05).In addition,the overexpression ofc-Src is significantly associated with EOCs' prognosis.Conclusion:c-Src overexpression was significantly associated with the malignant biological behavior of tumor,suggesting c-Src as a potential preventive target in these patients.

There is a unification of the social pooling accounts and personal saving accounts of Urban Employees' Basic Medical Insurance ( UEBMI) in Shanghai. In recent years, the revenue and expenditure of UEBMI funds increased, and the fund balance sprouted year by year, and mostly concentrated in personal health insurance saving accounts. On the whole, the vast majority of insured personal saving accounts have balances, but the balance is not high, i. e. less than 1000 yuan accounted for 52. 3%. Judging from the age group, the personal health insur-ance saving account funds is mainly concentrated in the 30-year-old and over working population. Because of its par-ticularity, the personal health insurance saving accounts can only be invested in current deposit (bank live), time deposit and national debt, bonds and other hedge. Compared with the price index devaluation, the personal health insurance saving accounts somehow failed to give full play to the personal attributes. It is suggested to explore the use function of personal health insurance saving accounts by establishing family saving accounts-family coexistence, pur-chasing of supplementary medical insurance and so on. Simultaneously, the channels of maintaining and increasing the value of personal health insurance saving accounts could be broadened.

OBJECTIVE:To evaluate evidence situation and implementation of global national drug policies on rational pediatric drug use,and to provide decision-making reference for setting up national drug policies for rational pediatric drug use which adapt to the situation of China.METHODS:By retrieving domestic and foreign related database,scanning drug management websites of WHO,the European Union as well as many countries and regions.A pre-designed data extraction form was used to collect information of the policies of rational pediatric drug use.The information was summarized and analyzed.RESULTS:A total of 45 literatures were included,involving WHO and the European Union,the United States,Canada,Britain,Ireland,Holland,Germany,Spain,France,Australia,New Zealand,China,India,Korea,Japan,South Africa and many other countries and regions.The main points of concern for the national policies of rational pediatric drug use in all countries included promoting the development of clinical trials of children's drugs,formulating and promoting essential medicine list for children,formulating and promoting standard treatment guideline of national pediatric formulary,etc.,and promoting pediatric drug monitoring after the listing.The United States,the European Union and Japan had enacted national laws and regulations on pediatric drug clinical trials;WHO,South Africa and India had developed pediatric essential medicine list;WHO,Britain and China had established pediatric formulary.CONCLUSIONS:It is suggested that the relevant departments should refer to the experiences of the United States and the European Union and other countries and regions to establish national drug policies which adapt to pediatric disease burden and drug use in China

Objective: To investigate the mortality and life loss of malignant tumors among residents in Xicheng District, Beijing from 2014 to 2021, so as to provide the evidence for formulating the control strategy for malignant tumors. Methods: Data pertaining to dead cases of malignant tumors in Xicheng District from 2014 to 2021 were collected from Beijing Integrated and Analysis Platform for Health and Disease Prevention Monitoring Information Resources. The crude mortality, standardized mortality, years of potential life lost (YPLL), years of potential life lost rate (YPLLR), rate of standardized years of potential life lost (SYPLLR), average years of life lost (AYLL) and annual percent change (APC) of malignant tumors were measured to analyze the trends in mortality of malignant tumors and life loss. Results: A total of 23 202 residents died from malignant tumors in Xicheng District from 2014 to 2021, and the crude and standardized mortality rates of malignant tumors were 198.09/105 and 101.46/105, respectively. The standardized mortality of malignant tumors was 117.36/105 among men and 85.97/105 among women. The standard mortality of malignant tumors appeared a tendency towards a decline among all cases (APC=-1.515%, t=-4.289, P=0.005) and women (APC=-1.629%, t=-3.046, P=0.023), and the crude mortality of malignant tumors appeared a tendency towards a rise with age (χ2trend=49.324, P<0.001). The five most deadly malignant tumors included lung cancer, colorectal cancer, liver cancer, stomach cancer and pancreatic cancer, and lung cancer, liver cancer and colorectal cancer were the three malignant tumors with the three highest life loss, with YPLL of 18 054 person-years, 9 446 person-years and 8 179 person-years, respectively. Leukemia had the highest AYLL (15.95 years per person). Conclusions The standardized mortality of malignant tumors appeared a tendency towards a decline among residents in Xicheng District from 2014 to 2021, and men and the elderly people were at high risk of malignant tumors. Lung cancer, colorectal cancer and liver cancer were leading causes of death, leukemia was the major cause of life loss.

ObjectiveTo study androgen excess within ovarian granulosa cells of PCOS patients in vitro,and the partial improvement by using astragalus polysaccharides.MethodsOvarian granulosa cells from the PCOS patients during IVF / ICSI - ET were isolated and cultured in vitro,then it was treated by different concentrations of astragalus polysaccharides.The levels of estradiol,progesterone and testosterone were determined.ResultsAndrogen secretion within ovarian granulosa cells from PCOS patients was significantly increased [ ( 0.4716 ± 0.03 ) nmol/L,( 0.23 ± 0.0162 ) nmol/L,P ＜ 0.05 ].The levels of estradiol and progesterone were not significantly different( P ＞ 0.05 ).Different concentrations of astragalus polysaccharides may result from the alleviation of androgen secretion which was commonly found in PCOS treatment (concentration was 1000 μg/ml,100 μg/ml,50 μg/ml,P ＜ 0.01 ;concentration was 500 μg/ml,P =0.002 ; concentration was 200 μg/ml,P =0.003).ConclusionsAstragalus polysaccharides inhibit the secretion of testosterone in granulosa cells of PCOS patients during in vitro,and it may be an alternative treatment for PCOS.

OBJECTIVE:To systematically review the efficacy and safety of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF)in-hibitors in the treatment of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP),and provide evidence-based reference for clinic. METHODS:Re-trieved from PubMed,EMBase,Cochrane Library,CJFD,VIP,CBM and Wangfang Database,randomized controlled trials (RCT) about VEGF inhibitors (test group) versus laser photocoagulation treatment (control group) in the treatment of ROP were collected. Meta-analysis was performed by using Rev Man 5.1 software after data extraction and quality evaluation by Cochrane re-viewers manual 5.1.0. RESULTS:Totally 5 RCTs were included,involving 381 infants and 754 eyes.Results of Meta-analysis showed that the recurrence rate of ROP [RR=0.23,95%CI(0.13,0.42),P<0.001],retinal detachment incidence [RR=0.27,95%CI(0.14,0.51),P<0.001] andresolution of plus signs [MD=-1.31,95%CI(-1.47,-1.14),P<0.001] in test group were signifi-cantly lower than control group,the differences were statistically significant;and there was no significant difference in the refrac-tive errors and the incidence of adverse reactions in 2 groups(P>0.05). CONCLUSIONS:Intravitreal VEGF inhibitors have better efficacy than laser photocoagulation in the treatment of ROP,but the optimal dose and safety need further verification by large-sam-ple and well-designed RCT.