Objective:To measure the physiological response and subjective experience differences between feminine and masculine women inducing anger,exploring women's susceptibility to depression.Methods:Thirty feminine women and 26 masculine women were selected from 745 college women students who filled in the Chinese College Students'Sex Role Inventory-50 items (CSRI-50),according to median classification method.Physiological response,including heart rate,skin conduct,respiration rate were recorded using Biotrace software from 5-10 min before watching films to films end,state anger were measured before and after films by the State Anger Scale(SAS),one of the State-Trait Anger Expression Inventory-Ⅱ (STAXI-Ⅱ).Results:With inducing anger,the skin conducts were lower in feminine women than in masculine women[(6.1 ±4.6) μmho vs.(9.4 ±6.0)μmho,P ＜0.05],while the respiration rates were higher in feminine women than in masculine women[(19.4 ±2.8) bpm vs.(17.7 ± 3.3) bpm,P ＜ 0.05].The SAS sores were higher in feminine women than in masculine women[(31.6 ± 8.8) vs.(26.5 ± 9.2),P ＜ 0.05].Conclusion:It suggests that feminine women subjectively report more anger and physiological responses may be greater in watching anger inducing films,mainly in RSP rate,however masculine women's SC is higher,which indicates that future researches of anger and depression should consider sex role.

OBJECTIVE:To observe the efficacy and safety of aerosol inhalation recombinant human interferon α1b in the treat-ment of bronchiolitis in children. METHODS:60 children with bronchiolitis were randomly divided into low-dose group,high-dose group and control group. All children were given tracheal suctioning,phlegm dispersing and other symptomatic treatment. Based on it,low-dose group was given recombinant human interferon α1b 1-2 μg/(kg·times),adding into 3 ml 0.9% Sodium chloride injec-tion,compression aerosol inhalation,twice a day;high-dose group was given recombinant human interferon α1b 3-4 μg/(kg·times), adding into 3 ml 0.9% Sodium chloride injection,compression aerosol inhalation,twice a day;control group was given ribavirin 10-15 mg/(kg·d),adding into 5% Glucose injection at ratio of 1∶1 by intravenous infusion,once a day. The treatment course for all groups was 5-7 d. Clinical efficacy,disappearance time of cough,respite,rale and three depressions,hospitalization time and incidence of adverse reactions in all groups were observed. RESULTS:Disappearance time of cough,respite,rale and three depres-sions and hospitalization time in high-dose group were significantly shorter than low-dose group and low-dose group shorter than control group,the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05). Total effective rate in high-dose group was significantly high-er than low-dose group and low-dose group higher than control group,the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). There were no obvious adverse reactions during treatment. CONCLUSIONS:Based on conventional treatment,both efficacy and safety of aerosol inhalation recombinant human interferonα1b in the treatment of bronchiolitis in children are good.

A large coverage on-line learning and examination systems on the internet so far has not gained wide usage and application even though some systems are available commercially because those internet based systems have certain demands of capitals , technology and skilled personals .Our system is half on -line and half off line for examinations .The on-line part is for giving out examination questions and collecting answers , whereas student writ-ing exams and instructors marking the exams are carried out by going off -line.Such a exam-writing application re-duces its dependence on the internet , which is easier for exam-writers in a remote area to use .This half on-line system can be used as a back -up application for the whole on -line examination system , but definitely has more ad-vantages for hospitals in remote areas where the internet is not reliable and popular , and well-trained technicians are lacking.

Endometrial blood flow is directly related to endometrial receptivity thereby affecting in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer (IVF-ET) outcomes. In recent years a growing number of studies have shown that traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) can play a role to improve endometrial blood flow and embryo transfer. Studies have confirmed that formulas based on reinforcing kidney and activating blood can promote the formation of uterine endometrial blood vessels by adjusting expressions of a variety of vessel growth factors, and regulating nitric oxide level for inhibition of vascular smooth muscle contraction of the uterus. Treatments based on differentiation of syndromes are key to the theory of TCM. Differentiation of syndromes should be combined with biomedical disease diagnosis. It is also necessary to further clarify other endometrial blood flow disorders using TCM diagnostic methods. In these cases, drugs for reinforcing kidney and activating blood are relevant, but other medicines for smoothing liver qi and nourishing blood, as well as tonifying the spleen and generating blood may also be effective. Future clinical studies should focus on the observation of different types of TCM syndromes and the research on compatibility ratio and dose-dependent relationship of Chinese medicines. Acupuncture has been used during IVF-ET for more than 10 years. Electro-acupuncture can control the expansion of the uterine arteries by inhibiting the sympathetic nerves. However, acupuncture has not been proved to regulate endometrial arteries. To sum up, TCM can be applied to improve endometrial blood flow so as to increase birth rates in IVF-ET. The combination of Chinese and Western medicines and acupuncture application will increase their combined effect, thereby obtaining greater clinical benefits.

Objective To summarize the nursing experience for three cases of above 1-month-oldinfants with total transposition of the great artery after Switch operation.Methods The vital signs of the infants were monitored,including the respiratory system,circulation system,temperature,urine quantity,feeding and delayed sternal closure.Appropriate measures were adopted to cope with changes in the above mentioned aspects.Results All the 3 infants were cured with good nursing effect.Conclusion Switch operation was a complicated operation.The 3 infants missed the-optimum operation time and left great difficulty for nursing.Close monitoring and delicate nursing proved to be the pivotal process to ensure the successful curement.

OBJECTIVEThis study aims to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of decapeptide, a novel antimicrobial peptide, against several major cariogenic and periodontopathogenic bacteria in vitro. METHODS In this study, we investigated the antimicrobial activity of decapeptide against Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans), Streptococcus sobrinus, Lactobacillus acidophilus, Streptococcus sanguis, Streptococcus gordonii, Actinomyces viscosus, Actinomyces naeslundii, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Prevotella intermedia, Fusobacterium nucleatum, Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, and Saccharomyces albicans in vitro using the agar diffusion method and broth dilution method. Furthermore, a time-kill kinetic study of decapeptide against S. mutans was performed.

RESULTSThe results showed that decapeptide exhibited antimicrobial activity against various oral bacteria and fungi. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of main cariogenic bacteria ranged from 62.5 μg · mL(-1) to 125 μg · mL(-1), and the MIC of periodontopathogenic bacteria tested ranged from 250 μg · mL(-1) to 1,000 μg · mL(-1). Among the bacteria tested, decapeptide had a strong inhibitory effect on cariogenic S. mutans. Results of the time-kill kinetic studies showed that decapeptide reduced the viable counts of S. mutans by more than one order of magnitude after 20 min of incubation, and thoroughly killed S. mutans after 30 min. No viable cells could be detected after 24 h of incubation.

CONCLUSIONThis study suggest that decapeptide might have potential clinical application in treating dental caries by killing S. mutans within dental plaque.

Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Anti-Infective Agents ; Bacteria ; Dental Caries ; Dental Plaque ; Kinetics ; Microbial Sensitivity Tests ; Mouth ; microbiology ; Porphyromonas gingivalis ; Streptococcus mutans

Objective To investigate the status quo of psychological pressure in female infertility patients so as to provide the basis for carrying out the psychological counseling aiming at these patients .Methods The random sampling was adopted and the questionnaire survey was conducted on 1 760 female infertility patients .Results The patients with psychological pressure accounted for 84 .43% of the investigated patients .The cases number of psychological pressure in the patients with in‐vitro‐fertilization and embryo transfer(IVF‐ET) treatment was significantly more than that in the patients with pregnancy‐guiding and artificial insemina‐tion (P<0 .01);the cases number of psychological pressure in the patients with higher educational degree was more than that in the patients with lower educational degree (P<0 .01);the cases number of psychological pressure in technicians ,teachers ,staffs ,cadres and civil servants was more than that in the workers ,farmers ,merchants and the people with the other occupations (P<0 .01);the cases number of psychological pressure in the patients with 2-5 year infertility was more than that in the patients with the other infertility years (P<0 .01);the cases number of psychological pressure in the patients with visiting doctors for twice or over was more than that in the patients with visiting doctors for the first time (P< 0 .01) .Conclusion The female infertility patients in Chongqing have large psychological pressure .The doctor should actively communicate with patients ,answer the patient doubt ,ease the patient emotion ,mobilize the patients′family and society to care the patients .

This study is to investigate the sedative and hypnotic effects of a novel compound H1208. The sedative activity of H1208 was investigated by recording the spontaneous locomotor activity of mice. The hypnotic property was evaluated by the latency and duration of sleep (loss of righting reflex) in mice and the effect of hypnotics on sleep pattern of electroencephalogram were studied in conscious, freely moving mice with chronically implanted electrodes. The brain monoamine neurotransmitters levels in mice were measured by high performance liquid chromatography-electrochemical detection. The spontaneous locomotor activity was decreased by 56.7% and 80.2% in H1208 (5 and 25 mg x kg(-1), ip) treated mice, respectively. The loss of righting reflex was directly induced in mice after H1208 (60 mg x kg(-1), ip) administration. The non-rapid eye movement sleep increased significantly by 131% and 259%, respectively, within 3 hours after H1208 (30 and 60 mg x kg(-1), ip) administration. However, the rapid eye movement sleep decreased significantly. The contents of DA in the striatum and cortex and 5-HT in the cortex decreased significantly. These results demonstrated that H1208 has potent sedative and hypnotic effects, which may be closely related to the decreased contents of DA and 5-HT in mouse brain.

Objective Using a mouse hind limb ischemia model,we compared the ischemia-induced angiogenesis between diabetic and non-diabetic mice,and the effects aminoguanidine,an inhibitor of advanced glycation end products (AGEs),on angiogenesis in diabetic mice.Methods Experimental diabetic models were induced by injected with streptozotocin (STZ)[40 mg/(kg?d),Ip] in C57BL/6 mice.Two weeks after the establishment of diabetic model,diabetic mice were randomly to receive placebo(n=61)or aminoguanidine[200 mg/(kg?d) gavage,n=61) for 8 weeks.Tissue ischemia was obtained by ligation of left femoral artery.Capillary density was determined in the ischemic and non-ischemic limbs by CD31 staining at days 0,1,3,7,14 and 28 post-operatively.Results Compared with non-diabetic controls,diabetic mice had reduced microvascular density[(6.92?0.85) vs (9.21?1.64)/HP,P

Objective To provide new evidences for understanding the mechanisms of promo-tive role of orexins in anesthetic emergence and the effect of microinjection of orexin-A/orexin-B into cerebral ventricle on the release of histamine.Methods Male SD rats were randomly divided into sa-line (control ), orexin-A and orexin-B groups. The microdialysis probe was inserted into hypothalamus under stereotaxic apparatus.The perfused fluid from the area of hypothalamic tube-romammillary nucleus was collected using in vivo microdialysis at 1 h,2 h and 3 h after 1 nmol or 5 nmol orexin-A or orexin-B microinjection into the cerebral ventricle (n =5 each).The concentrations of histamine at each time point in dialysates of perfused fluid were detected by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)to analyze its dynamic changes.After one week,each group was microin-jected with 10 nmol,15 nmol and 20 nmol orexin-A and orexin-B (n =5)into the cerebral ventricle respectively,dialysates was collect and histamine was detected at 1 h to analyze its dosage response. After one week,each group was microinjected 0.3 μl saline orexin-A and orexin-B (n =6)into the tu-beromammillary nucleus.Results Compared with the control group,microinjection of 1 nmol orexin-A significantly increased histamine release at 1 h,but the same dose of orexin-B had no such effect,5 nmol of orexin-A or orexin-B injections significantly facilitated histamine release at 2 h and 3 h (P <0.01).Microinjection of 10 nmol,15 nmol and 20 nmol orexin-A and orexin-B into ventricle caused an significant increase of histamine release at 1 h while the effect was the strongest in 20 nmol (P <0.05).Compared with the control group,microinjection of orexin-A significantly decreased time of the righting reflex (P <0.01),but the same dose of orexin-B had no such effect.Conclusion Micro-injection of both orexin-A or orexin-B into cerebral ventricle could promote the release of histamine, while the effect of orexin-A was stronger.Microinjection orexin-A into tuberomammillary nucleus sig-nificant facilitated recovery from isoflurane.