Objective A solution of serial communication in Multi-Axis Controller which uses programmable multi-axis controller (PMAC) as down processor and PC as up processor is introduced. By the PComm32.dll provided with Delta Tau Data Systems Inc., the serial communication between PC and PMAC is realized based on .NET. Methods In order to realize the programming techniques of serial communication, a new method that managed codes invoked the unmanaged codes in Common Language Runtime environment by using Platform Invocation Services was adopted. The serial communication program was designed by using the program language C#. Besides the single axis locomotion,the debugging procession of the multi-axis joint locomotion was also recounted based on the five-DOF robot. Results The results indicated that the serial communication between PC and PMAC was completely realized. Conclusion The developed serial communication software module is of good correctness, stability and reliability, and also shows that the software is convenient and easy to use, which can accord with system requirements.

Objective To analyze the training effect for junior nurses from internal medical departments of our hospital.Methods Data gathering tool,based on the Kirkpatrick Four Levels,was formulated by means of theoretical research and expert consultation.Before training,investigation of needs was conducted and then training contents were organized.Objective structured clinical examination (OSCE) was implemented before and after the training to obtain information about nurses' comprehensive abilities and to compare with their self-assessed data.Twelve months after the training,the training effect was kept track on from those subjects' head nurses.Results After the training,80 subjects' comprehensive abilities obtained from OSCE scored higher than before the training,(71.51±0.49) vs.(61.92±0.55),t=4.961,P ＜ 0.01.Their selfassessed comprehensive abilities also scored higher than that before,(83.49±0.75) vs.(72.73 ±0.43),t=7.020,P ＜ 0.01,the differences were both statistically significant.By questionnaire training,26 head nurses (26/32,88.46％) in general medical department showed positive assessment over training effect.Nurse's behaviors had improved significantly.In 80 training nurses,60 (75.00％) had become the examples of their colleagues.In 80 patients and their family members,73 cases showed their satisfaction and the satisfaction degree was higher than 90％.Conclusions The Kirkpatrick Four Levels can be applied to assess the training effect for junior nurses and the training mode can effectively improve comprehensive abilities of junior nurses.

Objective: To investigate the changes of TRPM8 expression in dorsal root ganglion(DRG) in the rat model of chronic constriction injury(CCI) of the sciatic nerve. Methods: Seventy-two male SD rats weighing 250~280 g were randomly divided into 2 groups (n = 36 each): group I (CCI) and group II (sham operation). The threshold of cold hyperalgesia, heat hyperalgesia and mechanical hyperalgesia were measured before operation (baseline) and at 1, 4, 7, 10 and 14 d after operation. Six rats were killed at each time point in each group. The L5 DRGs ipsilateral to nerve injury were dissected out for determination of transient receptor potential melastatin 8(TRPM8) by immunohistochemical assay. Results: The thresholds of cold, thermal and mechanical stimuli started to decrease at 4 d after CCI in operation group and maintained at a relatively low level until the end of experiment. The cold and thermal hyperalgesia peaked at 10 d after operation and mechanical hyperalgesia at 14 d. Immunohistochemical assay demonstrated that expression of TRPM8 were increased in L5DRG on the operated side significantly at 4 d after CCI and reached the peak at 10 d and was maintained at a high level until the end of experiment. Conclusion: The upregulation of TRPM8 in DRG involved in the mechanism of neuropathic pain.

Objective To report the results of distally based lateral supramalleolar flap for the reconstruction of dorsal aspect of foot. Methods Twelve patients with soft tissue defects in the dorsal aspect of foot were treated with distally based lateral supramalleolar flap. The largest flap size was 9 cm? 6 cm, the smallest was 5 cm? 4 cm, with an average of 6 cm? 5 cm. Results The flap survived in all 12 patients. The color and texture of the flaps were nearly normal. Their appearance and function were satisfactory after 3 weeks to 24 months follow- up. Conclusion Distally based lateral supramalleolar flap is a reliable flap. The dissection is easy. The flap has a rich blood supply without sacrifice of major artery. It can be used reliably for the reconstruction of dorsal aspect of foot.

Objective To investigate the effect of nerve growth factor(NGF)in the process of muscular neurotization of denerva- ted vascularized skeletal muscle.Method By using NGF(0.5 ?g/d) to transplanted skeletal muscle,muscular neurotization was exa- mined with histological,histochemical,electron microscope and immunohistochemical methods at various time.Result NGF was effective in promoting muscular neurotization and diminishing denervated muscle atrophy in grafted denervated skeletal muscle.Conclusion NGF can promote the muscular neurotization and diminish denervated muscle atrophy.

Adenocarcinoma, Clear Cell ; pathology ; Aged ; Female ; Humans ; Kidney Neoplasms ; pathology ; Paranasal Sinus Neoplasms ; secondary

Objective To investigate the accuracy of serum neuron-specific enolase (NSE)predicting malignant middle cerebral artery infarction(mMCAI).Methods A total of 40 patients with acute massive cerebral infarction within 24 hours after symptom onset were recruited.Blood samples were collected at 24,36 and 48 hours after symptom onset.Serum NSE concentration was determined by automatic electrochemiluminescence analyzer.mMCAI was defined as hernia signs in clinical practice,and CT/ MRI showed mass effect.The receiver operating characteristic curve was used to analyze the accuracy of serum NSE concentration in predicting mMCAI at 3 time points.Results Sixteen patients(40%)developed mMCAI.The serum NSE concentration for predicting the accuracy of mMCAI was poor at 24 hours after symptom onset;the serum NSE concentration for predicting the specificity of mMCAI was high (96%)at 36 hours after symptom onset,but the sensitivity was lower(69%);the serum NSE concentration for predicting the specificity(92%)and sensitivity(88%)of mMCAI were high at 48 hours.Conclusions The serum NSE conoentration and its dynamic changes may predict the occurrence of mMCAI,and the predicting time points are appropriate from 36-48 hours after symptom onset.

Objective To assess the clinical efficacy and safety of testa triticum tricum purif (trade name: fiberform) in treating constipation during pregnancy. Methods With multicenter,prospective and self-controlled study method, in four domestic hospitals 140 pregnant ladies with constipation were enrolled according to recruiting criteria. The patients were treated by orally taking Festa Triticum Tricum Purif 3. 5 g every time, twice a day. Before and after taking medicine,constipation symptoms and the characters of feces were observed and quantized with score to identity its efficacy and side effects. Results After Testa Triticum Tricum treatment, dyporsia was relieved and the characters of the feces were improved significantly. Taking Testa Triticum Tricum for 7 days and 14 days, the effective rate was 90.0% and 93.6% respectively. Before and after taking medicine,the difference in constipation symptoms was statistical significant. No side effects were observed during Testa Triticum Tricum Purif treatment. Conclusions Fiberform is effective and safe for functional constipation treatment.

Objective To investigate the possibility and accuracy of predicting malignant middle cerebral artery infarction (mMCAI) with bedside electroencephalography (EEG). Methods Thirty-five patients with massive hemispheric infarction (MHI) underwent bedside EEG monitoring within 48 h of onset. The EEG indicators were interpreted blindly, and the clinical, laboratory and imaging parameters were analyzed. The patients were divided into mMCAI group and non-mMCAI group according to whether they had occurred mMCAI or not within 7 days of onset. The differences of EEG indicators, clinical, laboratory and imaging parameters between the 2 groups were compared. When the parameters of significant difference and statistical significance appeared the odds ratio (OR) of occurring mMCAI were analyzed, and their accuracy of predicting mMCAI was calculated. Results Of the 35 patients with MHI, 20 were in the mMCAI group and 15 were in the non-mMCAI group. There were significant differences in the EEG indicators (infarction on the contralateral side, including disintegration of occipital α rhythm, generalized slow-wave, dominant frequency wave low amplitude, regional attenuation without delta [RAWOD]pattern, and absence of EEG reactivity), clinical parameters (nausea accompanied with vomiting), and imaging parameters (the infracted area more than the entire MCA territory, and midline shifting 3 to 5 mm at the level of septum pellucidum) between the 2 groups (P < 0. 05). Of those, the risk of mMCAI was the highest in patients with disintegration of occipital a rhythm on the contralateral side of infarction (P = 22. 67, 95% CI 3. 89-132. 10). The sensitivity of predicting mMCAI was 85. 0%, the specificity was 80.0%, the positive predictive value was 85.0%, and the negative predictive value was 80. 0%, which were superior to other EEG indicators and clinical or imaging parameters. Conclusions Bedside EEG indicators can early predict mMCAI, moreover, the predictive accuracy is superior to the clinical and imaging parameters.