Objective To investigate the risk factors of contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) in patients after coronary angiography.Methods Two hundred patients underwent coronary angiography were enrolled in this study.The patients were divided into CIN group and non-CIN group according to the occurrence of CIN after coronary angiography of 48-72 h,and then the related risk factors of CIN were analyzed.Results Thirteen cases of CIN were found in 200 patients,and the occurrence rate was 6.5％(13/200).Logistic regression analysis showed that risk factors of CIN included primary renal insufficiency,diabetes,contrast agent dose and advanced age (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Primary renal insufficiency,diabetes,contrast agent dose and advanced age are risk factors of CIN in patients after coronary angiography.

AIM:To investigate the safety and complications of femtosecond laser corneal small incision lenticule extraction(SMILE) procedure and discuss the prevention and treatment.METHODS: We retrospectively studied the complications of 403 patients(799 eyes) with myopia and myopic astigmatism treated by SMILE.RESULTS: All the patients underwent the operation successfully.Only 1 case(1 eye)suffered from dark spot and changed to femtosecond laser-assisted LASIK(FS-LASIK), 5 cases(5 eyes, 0.6%) suffered from the suction loss, 11 cases (17 eyes, 2.1%) developed opaque bubble layer.All patients gained perfect uncorrected visual acuity(UCVA) (20/20).The best corrected visual acuity(BCVA) did not decrease after operations.The incidence of haze and diffuse lamellar keratitis was low (0.3% and 0.4%, respectively)and no other complications were observed.There was 9 eyes in 6 patients (1.1%) found regression of refraction at 6mo after surgery, while the UCVA of rest patients reached 1.0 at 3mo after surgery.CONCLUSION: The SMILE procedure has high safety for myopia and myopic astigmatism.Effective prevention and management of the complications is the key to achieve the satisfactory visual acuity.

Cornea is the major refractive components of the eye. As a viscoelastic tissue, cornea exhibits complicated biomechanical properties: non - linear elasticity, anisotropy and viscoelasticity. The biomechanical properties play an important role in keeping the normal structureand function. Changes in biomechanical properties are always earlier than the clinical symptoms. So quantitative measurement of the biomechanical properties benefits the early diagnosis and treatment of diseases. Different methods to measure the biomechanical properties of cornea were reviewed in detail, including classic ex vivo destructive tests, commercially available in vivo measuring methods and other emerging methods with the potential for clinical application but not validated for in vivo measurement. The operating principles, advantages as well as limitations of these methods were also described.

Objective The K-ras gene plays a major role in the development , progression, and drug selection for the target treatment of colorectal cancer .The aim of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of detecting K-ras mutation in colorectal cancer by high-resolution melting ( HRM) analysis and to investigate the relationship between K-ras mutation and the clinicopathological parame-ters of colorectal cancer. Methods We collected the tissue samples of colorectal cancer from 179 patients, detected the mutations in codons 12 and 13 of the K-ras gene, and analyzed the relationship between K-ras mutation and the clinicopathological parameters of the patients. Results In the 179 cases of colorectal cancer, K-ras mutation was found in 77 (43.02%), significantly higher in those aged ≥60 years than in those aged <60 years (55.17% vs 33.70%, P<0.05).Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed a significant influence of age on K-ras mutation (OR=1.506, 95%CI:1.028-2.011, P<0.05). Conclusion HRM analysis is a rapid, sensitive, and inexpensive diagnostic tool for the detection of K-ras mutation, and K-ras mutation is associated with the age of colorectal cancer patients .

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are evolutionarily conserved small noncoding RNAs of-22 nucleotides that exist in a wide variety of organisms,including animals,plants and virus.Mature miRNAs are able to control gene expression at a post-transcriptional level,either by blocking mRNA translation or inducing their degradation.Hepatitis B virus X protein (HBX) is a 17000 protein that is implicated to play a crucial role in hepatocarcinogenesis.Recently,many studies have shown that HBX is associated with miRNA regulation,and is involved in regulating fundamental biological processes of tumor in cell proliferation,differentiation and apoptosis.

Objectives To study the impact of initial age of treatment on testicular morphology and function in male pa-tients with multiple pituitary hormone deficiency using human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) and human menopausal gonadotro-pin (hMG). Methods Patients with multiple pituitary hormone deficiency were treated with hCG and hMG while keeping other hormone levels normal. Correlations among their testicular volume, follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), and height, bone age were analyzed. Results After 6-month hCG and hMG treatment, the penis length of 54 male patients was significantly increased from (2.58 ± 0.69) cm to (4.19 ± 0.77) cm , and penis circumference was also increased from (3.71 ± 1.36) cm to (5.95 ± 1.26) cm;the testicular volume was increased from (1.76 ± 1.49) ml to (5.20±2.30) ml;height was increased from (147.01 ± 12.29) cm to (151.98 ± 11.52) cm and bone age was increased from (11.22 ± 2.71) years to (11.64 ± 2.72) years;the differences before and after treatment were statistically significant (all P<0.01). As the patients' age increased, their testicular volume and testosterone level increased slowly, and significant differences amongst each age group were found (P<0.05). The in-creased value of testicular volume, serum FSH and LH levels, and height growth tended to be negatively correlated to the initial age of therapy (r=-0.517~-0.334, P<0.05). Conclusions Early and proper treatment in male patients with multiple pituitary hormone deficiency using hCG and hMG improves testicular function and secondary sex characteristics.

ObjectiveTo investigate the changes of serum myocardial enzymes and high density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C) in children with septic shock.MethodsFifty-two children with septic shock in our hospital from Jan 2006 to Mar 2011 were divided into severe septic shock group( n =27 ) and mild septic shock group ( n =25 ).The serum creatine kinase-MB ( CK-MB ),α-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase (α-HBDH),lactic dehydrogenase(LDH) and HDL-C were analysed in both two groups on 1,2,4,7,10,15 d,and compared with 32 normal children as control group.Meanwhile,the children's condition,death cases and cured time were recorded.ResultsThe levels of serum CK-MB [ ( 32.084 ± 4.595 ) U/L,( 61.481 ±5.639) U/L],α-HBDH/LDH(0.694 ±0.080,0.884 ±0.079) in mild and severe septic shock groups were higher than those of normal control group[ (21.675 ± 3.453) U/L ] and (0.443 ± 0.065 ) ( P ＜ 0.01 ) ;the levels of serum HDL-C[ (0.646 ±0.067) mmol/L,(0.310 ± 0.124) mmol/L ] in the two septic shock groups were decreased significantly than that of control group[ ( 1.012 ±0.156) mmol/L] (P ＜0.01 ).Five cases died in the severe septic shock group while no cases died in mild septic shock group.The times of CK-MB recovered[ (9.82 ±1.76) d vs (4.68 ± 1.22) d],α-HBDH/LDH recovered[ (7.23 ± 1.38) d vs (3.76 ± 0.83 ) d] and HDL recovered[ ( 12.14 ± 2.21 ) d vs ( 6.48 ± 1.33 ) d ] were more slowly in severe septic shock group than those of mild septic shock group( P ＜ 0.01 ).ConclusionThe higher of the serum CK-MB and α-HBDH/LDH,and the lower of HDL-C in septic shock children,the disease is more severe,the recovery time is longer and a worse prognosis may occur.

The culture conditions of Saccharomyces cerevisiae sp.strain by 1.1 b were optimized for the production of D-(-)-mandelate dehydrogenase which is useful for the asymmetric bioreduction of benzoylformate to form D-(-)-mandelate.The optimum medium(per liter)consistes of 60 g peptone,30 g maltose, 0.5 g MgSO_4,0.01 g ZnSO_4,1.0 g KCl.After optimization of the culture medium,the enzyme production in shake flasks is enhanced from 2.56 to 20.21 U/L.The optimum fermentation conditions were determined as follows:medium volume 100 mL(i.e.,40%for a 250-mL shake flask),pH 6.5,inoculum size 10%,temperature 30℃,and cultivation time 25 h.

Objective To explore the relationship between TLR3 mRNA expression on peripheral blood mononuclear cells(PBMCs)and acute rotavirus(RV)diarrhea.Methods Sixty-one children with acute RV diarrhea served as study subject,the expression of TLR3 mRNA on PBMCs was detected by real-time fluorescence quantitative RT-PCR.the concentrations of IFN-γand TNF-α in serum were measured by the method of Enzyrme-linked immunosorbent assay(EUSA).Results The expression of TLR3 on PBMCs and the serum levels of IFN-γ and TNF-α in the serious diarrhea group were 0. 820±0.051,(33.67±12.88)Pg/ml, (62.21±14.65)pg/ml,respectively,while it were 0.717±0.040,(24.01±10.06)pg/ml,(50.99± 12.18)pg/ml in the slight diarrhea group,and 0.525±0.029,(12.52±5.19)pg/ml,(28.65±7.44)pg/ml in the control group.Compared with the control group.the expression of TLR3 on PBMCs and the serum levels of IFN-γ,TNF-α in the serious and slight diarrhea group were significantly higher(P<0.01).There were significant differences between the serious and slight diarrhea group(P<0.01).There were positive relationship between the expression of TLR3 on PBMCs and tHe serum IFN-γ,TNF-α levels(r=0.431,P< 0.05,r=0.372,P<0.05).Conclusion The expression of TLR3 on PBMCs in children with acute rotavirus dialThea iS up-regulated,TLR3 and its mediated immune response are associated with the development of acute rotavirus diarrhea.

ObjectiveTo assess the efficacy of herpes virus entry mediator (HVEM) gene modifled dendritic cells (DCs) in protecting against myosin induced myocarditis,and to investigate the involving mechanism.MethodsWe treated experimental autoimmune myocarditis (EAM) mice with myosin-pulsed DCs which were transfected with HVEM-expressing adenovirus (Ad-HVEM) or control vectors,then evaluated myocarditis,plasm cTn [ and autoantibody by histopathology,fluoroimmunoassay,and ELISA,respectively.ResultsWe found that DCs transfected with Ad-HVEM (DC-Ad-HVEM) could protect against EAM.Further study showed DC-Ad-HVEM could produce regulatory cytokine IL-10,and IL-10 promoted the production of a key regulatory T cell subset which is important in peripheral tolerance.The T cells mediated protection against EAM.ConclusionThis study suggest that myosin-DC-Ad-HVEM cell gene therapy is a safe and effective way for inhibiting the development of EAM,and the signal net mediated by HVEM plays different roles in different cells.