In order to study the light propagation in biological tissue, we analyzed the divergent beam propagation in turbid medium. We set up a Monte Carlo simulation model for simulating the divergent beam propagation in a semi-infinite bio-tissue. Using this model, we studied the absorbed photon density with different tissue parameters in the case of a divergent beam injecting the tissue. The simulation results showed that the rules of optical propagation in the tissue were found and further the results also suggested that the diagnosis and treatment of the light could refer to the rules of optical propagation.
Computer Simulation ; Light ; Models, Biological ; Monte Carlo Method ; Optics and Photonics ; Scattering, Radiation

AIM:To establish the quality standard for Siwei Jianghuangtang Powder(Rhizoma Curcumae longae,Cortex Berberidis,Fructus Phyllanthi,Fructus Tribuli). METHODS: Rhizoma Curcumae longae,Cortex Berberidis,Fructus Phyllanthi,Fructus Tribuli were identified by TLC,and the content of curcumin was determined by HPLC. RESULTS: The TLC for the identification of Rhizoma curcumae longae,Cortex Berberidis,Fructus Phyllanthi,Fructus Tribuli in the powder was accurate.While the content of curcumin was determined by HPLC,curcumin showed good linear relationship at a range of 0.022 4-0.179 ?g,r=0.999 7.The average recovery of curcumin was 99.4%(n=9) and RSD was 1.46% by HPLC. CONCLUSION: The method is specific,reliable and accurate.It can be used for the quality control of Siwei Jianghuangtang Powder effectively.

According to that Y-chromosomal sequence in characterised by Y-specific repeat DNA family (DYZ1 ), which contain 800-5000 copies, a pair of primers Y3, Y4 is designed to amplify their 446bp long of specific DNA segment by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), so as to detect male fetal cells in materal blood. In this paper male fetal cells in maternal blood can be detected by PCR amplification of unpurified DNA from maternal peripheral blood during various stages of gestation (early, middle, late). Compared with villi, ammotic fluid and deliverd neonate sex their coincident rate are 93%. 100%, 87. 5% respectively among three periods. It is revealed that noninvasive examining fetal cells from peripheral blood of pregnant women for diagnosis of sex-linked inherited diseases is significant valuable.

With the development of clinical education,Urology Department in Xiangya Hospital has identified teaching object and scheme,and improved the condition and modality of teaching and the level and development of clinical teaching.

Abnormalities, Multiple ; Bronchi ; abnormalities ; Bronchography ; Constriction, Pathologic ; diagnostic imaging ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Rare Diseases ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Trachea ; abnormalities ; diagnostic imaging ; Tracheal Stenosis ; congenital ; diagnostic imaging

Objective To express and purify recombinant Tp0136 epitope fragment, and study the immunity activity. Methods The Tp0136 selective fragment(Tp0136B) gene was devised by the surface property analysis, solvent-accessible suface calculateions, secondary structure function region analysis, and was inserted between the sites of Nde Ⅰ and Not Ⅰ in pET22b ( + ) . The recombinant plasmid was expressed in E. coli BI21. After nickel ion metal affinity chromatography, the antigenic and immune reactivity of rTp0136B was confirmed. Then indirect ELISA with the rTp0136B as coating antigen was performed to detect the anti-Tp0136 antibody in sera from 100 normal human controls and 131 primary syphilis patients. Results The rTp0136B was soluble expressed with a molecular weight of about 28 000 and was obtained with a purity of ＞98% by chromatography. Western blot proved that the rTp0136B could specifically react with anti-Tp0136 polyclonal antibody. Specific humoral response was elicited by the recombinant protein in Japan negative. The positive detection rate in sera from primary syphilis patients was 85.5%. Conclusion This result suggested that the recombinant Tp0136 epitope fragments have a satisfactory immunocompetence,which may have applications in the serodiagnosis of primary syphilis.

Objective To explore a feasible and effective method of purse-string suture and traction in proce- dures for prolapse and hemorrhoids(PPH)with circular stapler.Methods Width of resected mucosal band and ex- tent of residual hemorrhoid mucosal lifting were compared between two groups of patients with hemorrhoids receiv- ing PPH with“two-point retraction”method(group one,110 cases)and other retraction methods(group two,40 cas- es).Results For group one of 110 cases with“two-point retraetion”,resected mucosal band of all cases were intact and and average width ranged from 3.5 to 5cm.There was a completely residual hemorrhoid mucosal lifting(com- plete return of prolapsed hemorrhoid into the anal canal)in 100 cases of group one(91%).But in group two with other retraction methods,average width of resected mucosal bands ranged from 0.2 to 3.5cm and there was an in- complete band in 10 cases(25%).The rate of mucosal lifting in this group was only 62.5%(19/40).Conclusion Two-point retraction is a feasible,effective and simple method in PPH,resulting in an intact resected mucosal band and sufficient hemorrhoid mucosal lifting.So the two-point retraction PPH is worth to be extended for application.

Objective To investigate neonatal cerebral oxygenation after hypoxia.Methods Cerebral oxygenation of 39 babies with perinatal hypoxia and 42 neonates without hypoxia was ob- served under quiet state and stimulation of sound by Near Infrared Spectroscopy(NIRS) and com- paired with the findings of EEG and image studies.Results In normal neonates cerebral oxygena- tion was steady under quiet state,where as it increased after sound stimulation.However,newborns with hypoxia showed inhibited brain activities with little changes in cerebral oxygenation in response to sound stimuli.Episodes of deoxygenation were found in 13 cases during monitoring.Conclusion After perinatal hypoxic brain damage,the function of cerebral oxygenation can be still abnomal for a certain period,which is related to the degree of brain damage.

Background Retinal hemorrhage in newborns is a common clinical finding,and serious retinal henorrhage resulting in poor prognosis.The factors affecting retinal henorrhage in newborns are unelucidated now.Identifying these factors is helpful for the early prevention and treatment.Objective This study was to explore the underlying maternal,obstetric,and neonatal clinical factors for degree of retinal hemorrhages in healthy full-term newborns.Methods A cross-sectional study was performed in the approval of Ethic Committee of Zhongshan City People's Hospital.A total of 1 311 full-term infants,with gestational age more than 37 weeks and Apgar ≥9 scores were included in this study.Infants with severe systemic diseases or any other eye diseases were excluded.Ocular fundus of the infants were examined with Ret Cam Ⅲ within 4 days of birth and were independently identified by 2 eye doctors.The newborns of retinal hemorrhage were divided into grade Ⅰ,Ⅱ and Ⅲ groups based on Egge criteria,and the infants without retinal hemarrhage served as the normal control group.Maternal,obstetric,neonatal parameters and general factors were analyzed and compared among different groups,and the risk factors that affected the newborns retinal hemorrhage were analyzed by logistic regression analysis.Results Retinal hemorrhage was seen in 28.30％ infants (371/1 311),and 152,116 and 103 infants were identified as grade Ⅰ,Ⅱ and Ⅲ,with the percentage of 11.59％,8.85％ and 7.86％,respectively.Among the factors that examined in the study,cord around fetal neck was the risk factor of aggravation of degree of retinal hemorrhage in newborns (OR =1.308,95％ CI:1.011-1.693,P =0.041).In the mode of delivery,spontaneous vaginal delivery appeared to be the positive factor of the incidence of retinal hemorrhage (OR=0.134,95％ CI:0.132-0.137,P＜0.001),but cesarean section was not a main risk factor.Conclusions Spontaneous vaginal delivery and cord around fetal neck are the potential risk factors for the aggravation of degree of retinal hemorrhage in full-term infants.Accordingly,infants with these risk factors should be paid more attention to prevent the progression of retinal hemorrhage.

Objective To evaluate the diagnostic value of tissue Doppler imaging (TDI) in classification of fetal arrhythmias, and conclude characters of each type of arrhythmias by analyzing wave forms of TDI. Methods Fifty-five fetuses suffered arrhythmia were included in study group. By comparing the results with control standard(M and PW), the sensitivity, specificity and reliability of TDI in diagnosis of fetal arrhythmias was calculated. At last, the character of waves by TDI of each type of arrhythmia was concluded. Fetal kinetocardiogram was made to identify the origin of arrhythmias. All cases were asked to perform electrocardiography and echocardiography examination after birth. Results The sensitivity, specificity and reliability of TDI was 98%, 100% and 100%, respectively. The character of atrioventricular waves and kinetocardiogram of 8 types fetal arrhythmias were conclude. Conclusions TDI has great value in classification of fetal arrhythmias.