The design and efficacy of surgery for horizontal idiopathic nystagmus (HIN) with abnormal head posture and strabismus were investigated. Different surgical procedures were selected according to the angle of head turn in 44 cases of HIN with abnormal head posture and strabismus. For patients with a head turn of 15° or less, the Anderson procedure was used; the yoke muscles were recessed upon slow-phase. For patients with a head turn between 15° and 25°, the surgery was designed as a Kestenbaum 5-4-4-5 procedure. For patients with a head turn of 25° or more, the surgery was designed as a Parks 5-8-6-7 procedure. The surgery to correct the abnormal head posture was performed on the fixating eye while that to correct the deviation was then performed on the non-fixating eye at the same time. The amount of surgery of the horizontal rectus muscles on the non-fixating eye was sum of the angle of head turn and the degree of deviation, which was calculated as follows: recession/resection amount of medial and lateral rectis/2×5=angle of head turn±degree of deviation. The results showed as follows: (1) Visual acuity: the visual acuity in the primary ocular position increased two lines or more in 35 patients, accounting for 79.55%. Nine patients had no or only one-line improvement, accounting for 20.45% of the entire study population; (2) The degree of deviation in the primary ocular position: 37 cases had a normal primary ocular position or the degree of deviation ≤8(δ) after surgery, accounting for 84.09%. Six patients had a residual degree of deviation of 8(δ)-15(δ), accounting for 13.64%. One patient had a residual degree of deviation >20(δ), accounting for 2.27% of the patients examined; (3) Abnormal head posture: 34 patients had a normal head posture or a head turn of less than 5°, accounting for 72.27%. Eight patients had a residual head turn of 5°-15°, accounting for 18.18%. Two patients had a head turn of 15°-25°, accounting for 4.55%. It was concluded that different surgical procedures based on the angle of head turn and the relationship between deviation and null zone can eliminate anomalous head posture, correct deviation, and improve vision acuity in the primary ocular position.

Objective To explore the effect of adenovirus-mediated bcl-2 transfer on the regeneration and repair of peripheral nerves in rats. Methods The sciatic nerve-transected model was selected and sutured end to end with epineurium. Then, adenovirus/sense-B-lymphoma/leukemia-2 (Ad/s-bcl-2), adenovirus/anti-sense-B-lymphoma/leukemia-2 (Ad/as-bcl-2), adenovirus/?-galactosidase (Ad/LacZ) and normal saline (NS) were injected into the sciatic nerve 0.5 cm away from the sutured point respectively. The rats were perfused with 4% paraformaldehyde at the 48th hour, 7th, 15th and 30th days respectively after operation. The spinal cords L 4-6 were harvested, frozen sectioned and given x-gal staining, bcl-2 in situ hybrid and immunohistochemical staining and GAP-43 immunohistochemical staining. The postoperative functional recovery of the rear limbs of rats was dynamically observed by using sciatic nerve functional index (SFI). Results The GAP-43 expression in the motor neurons of anterior horn of spinal cord in group Ad/s-bcl-2 was higher than that in other groups (P0.05). Conclusions Gene transfer of bcl-2 can promote regeneration and functional recovery of the peripheral nerves following sciatic nerve injury.

Castleman Disease ; complications ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Dendritic Cell Sarcoma, Follicular ; complications ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Receptors, Complement 3b ; metabolism ; Thoracic Diseases ; complications ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Thoracic Wall ; Vimentin ; metabolism

Adult ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Female ; Histiocytoma, Malignant Fibrous ; immunology ; pathology ; Histiocytosis, Langerhans-Cell ; immunology ; pathology ; Histiocytosis, Sinus ; immunology ; pathology ; Hodgkin Disease ; immunology ; pathology ; Humans ; Ki-1 Antigen ; metabolism ; Lewis X Antigen ; metabolism ; Lung ; immunology ; pathology ; Lung Neoplasms ; immunology ; pathology ; Lymph Nodes ; immunology ; pathology

Objective To investigate the pattern of motoneuron death induced by transection of the sciatic nerve in adult rats. Methods Sciatic nerve transected model was selected. The rats were sacrificed at 48 h, 7, 15, and 30 d after operation, respectively. The L 4-L 6 segments of the spinal cord were harvested after transcardiac perfusion with 4% paraformaldehyde, and were stained by TUNEL method and examined electron microscopically. Results A typical pattern of morphological changes of motoneuron apoptosis in the anterior horn of spinal cord was observed by both TUNEL staining and electron microscopy. Conclusion Motoneuron apoptosis in the spinal cord anterior horn induced by peripheral nerve transection demonstrates that neuron apoptosis may be the main pathological course of rat spinal cord neuron death following peripheral nerve injury in adult rats.

OBJECTIVE To study the current infection control issues and discuss protocols of nosocomial infection management. METHODS Based on the characteristics and progresses of domestic and international nosocomial infection management,we analyzed the existing problems and countermeasures of some key issues. RESULTS Enhancing nosocomial infection objective-surveillance,the personnel construction,information technology,etc are the chief methods to improve the quality of nosocomial infection control. CONCLUSIONS Adopting some new measures to strengthen the nosocomial infection management is essential and important to the security of medical treatment.

OBJECTIVETo study the effect of xenotransplantation with pig parathyroid cells, which was prepared using cell microencapsulation technique, on the treatment of hypoparathyroidism in rats without immunosuppressor.

METHODSParathyroid cells were isolated from 10 healthy newborn pigs and encapsulated in alginate-polylysine-alginate (APA) membranes. Thirty-two aparathyroid Wistar rats were randomly allocated to microcapsule, non-microcapsule, empty microcapsule, and control groups. Each rat was injected intraperitoneally with encapsulated porcine parathyroid cells, free porcine parathyroid cells, empty capsules or 0.9% NaCl, respectively. Total serum calcium and parathyroid hormone levels were monitored continuously for 40 weeks. And then, the transplant beds were retrieved and subjected to morphologic and electron microscopic examination.

RESULTSIn those animals xenotransplanted with microencapsulated porcine parathyroid cells, the calcium and PTH levels were consistently within the normal range during the 40 weeks. In contrast, no therapeutic effects were observed in rats in the non-microcapsule group. Furthermore, neither empty capsules nor 0.9% NaCl were shown to have any effect on the recipient's serum calcium or PTH levels. After 40 weeks, electron microscopic examination demonstrated that the parathyroid cells within the microcapsules had survived well in vivo.

CONCLUSIONSXenotransplantation of microencapsulated newborn pig parathyroid cells can successfully treat hypoparathyroidism in rats without using immunosuppressive drugs. The results of this study show the possible clinical use of microencapsulated porcine parathyroid cells.

Animals ; Animals, Newborn ; Calcium ; blood ; Capsules ; Hypothyroidism ; therapy ; Parathyroid Glands ; cytology ; transplantation ; Parathyroid Hormone ; blood ; Random Allocation ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Swine ; Transplantation, Heterologous ; methods

Objective To analyze the clinic-pathologic features of elderly myocardial infarction patients ( ＞ 60 years) with and without left ventricular aneurysm formation.Methods Between January 1980 and October 2009,107 myocardial infarction patients were divided into aneurysm group (n =31 ) and non-aneurysm group ( n = 76) according to autopsy results and the clinic-pathologic features of the two groups were compared.Results Previous angina pectoris history was significantly less in aneurysm group than in non-aneurysm group [ 45.2％ ( 14/31 ) vs.92.1％ ( 70/76 ),P = 0.047 ].Incidence of hypertension was significantly higher in aneurysm group than in non-aneurysm group [ 77.4％ (24/31) vs.36.8％ (28/76),P = 0.033 ].The percentage of single-vessel disease [54.8％ ( 17 /31 ) vs.23.7％(18/76),P =0.033] and the LAD disease [96.8％ (30/31) vs.51.3％ (39/76),P =0.048] were both significantly higher in aneurysm group than in non-aneurysm group.Heart failure and ventricular arrhythmias were more likely the cause of death in patients with aneurysm than patients without aneurysm [ 56.3％ (18/31) vs.19.7％ ( 15/76),P = 0.007 ].Aneurysm mostly located in left ventricular anterior wall and apex.Conclusions Our results suggest that patients with left ventricular aneurysm formation are more likely to have hypertension,single-vessel disease and LAD disease,heart failure and ventricular arrhythmias but less previous angina pectoris than patients without left ventricular aneurysm formation.The common locations of ventricular aneurvsm formation were left ventricular anterior wall and apex.

This paper introduces the operation principle, experimental research and clinical applications of an electromagnetic navigation system in interventional radiology and looks forward to the prospects for its clinical applications.
Electromagnetic Fields ; Radiology, Interventional ; instrumentation ; Surgery, Computer-Assisted

RNA-Sequencing (RNA-Seq) is a newly-developed method in transcriptome research, it can afford more accurate transcription information and be more quickly by using Next-generation Sequencing (NGS) technology. RNA-Seq has been widely used in various biological fields. Genuine traditional Chinese medicines (TCM), with good quality and therapeutic effect, were always praised highly and used by famous physicians. The geo-herbalism formation of TCM is based on the product of the gene expression at specific space and time. So it has been a research hotspot to analyze the mechanism of biosynthesis through RNA-Seq in the study on the secondary metabolism of medicinal plant. This article mainly illustrates the RNA-Seq and its advantages, it also discusses the potential application in genuine TCM, and it can provide useful information for other researchers.
Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; Gene Expression Profiling ; High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Plants, Medicinal ; genetics ; RNA ; Sequence Analysis, RNA ; Transcriptome