Sudden cardiac arrest is one of the critical clinical syndromes in emergency situations. A cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is a necessary curing means for those patients with sudden cardiac arrest. In order to simulate effectively the hemodynamic effects of human under AEI-CPR, which is active compression-decompression CPR coupled with enhanced external counter-pulsation and inspiratory impedance threshold valve, and research physiological parameters of each part of lower limbs in more detail, a CPR simulation model established by Babbs was refined. The part of lower limbs was divided into iliac, thigh and calf, which had 15 physiological parameters. Then, these 15 physiological parameters based on genetic algorithm were optimized, and ideal simulation results were obtained finally.
Algorithms ; Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation ; Death, Sudden, Cardiac ; Electric Impedance ; Hemodynamics ; Humans ; Leg ; Models, Cardiovascular

· Mesenchymal stem cells ( MSCs ) are a population of multipotent stem cells with various neurotrophins from bone marrow which are widely used in tissue, cell repair and alternative research.Recently, some researches have shown that MSCs could enhance the viability of neurons under a pathological circumstance by secreting some neurotrophins. So the neuroprotection of MSCs can provide a new method of the treatment on retinopathy that it possible to promote cells survial and functional recovery.Here we make a brief review on the secretory function of neurotrophin and neuroprotective effects of MSCs on retinal cells and its application in the treatment of retinal disease.

Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse ; classification ; pathology

Objective To describe the anxiety status of new nurses in emergency department so as to put forward strategies for nursing management. Methods Thirty-two new nurses (working time less than 2 years) from emergency department of two class Ⅲ- A general hospitals in Xiamen were surveyed by using Zung self-rating anxiety scale (SAS). Results The average of SAS total score showed significant difference from that of the Chinese norm, but no significant difference could be seen in the score of SAS be-tween college and baccalaureate nurses.Nurses with different working length showed significant difference in SAS score. Conclusions Anxiety status of new nurses in emergency department is serious, nursing man-agers should make more efforts to conduct mental health education and improve psychological quality of new nurses in emergency department to relieve their anxiety.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the clinical efficacy of warming-needle moxibustion on cervical headache.

METHODSSixty-one patients of cervical headache were randomly divided into a warming-needle moxibustion group (30 cases) and an acupuncture group (31 cases). Tianzhu (BL 10), Fengchi (GB 20), Wangu (GB 12), Tianyou (TE 16), Hegu (LI 4), Taichong (LR 3) and Zulinqi (GB 41) were selected in the two groups. Patients in the acupuncture group were treated with acupuncture; patients in the warming-needle moxibustion group were treated with warming-needle moxibustion at Tianzhu (BL 10), Fengchi (GB 20) and Wangu (GB 12) and acupuncture at the remaining acupoints. The treatment was given once every other day, 3 times a week, and totally 4-week treatment was given. The duration and frequency of headache, numerical rating scale (NRS) of headache and cervical range of motion (ROM) were compared before and after treatment in the two groups; also the efficacy of the two groups was evaluated.

RESULTSAfter treatment, the duration and frequency of headache, headache NRS.and cervical ROM score were improved in both groups (all P < 0.05), which were more significant in the warming-needle moxibustion group (all P < 0.05). The total effective rate was 84.3% (25/30) in the warming-needle moxibustion group, which was significantly superior to 61.3% (19/31) in the acupuncture group (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONThe warming-needle moxibustion presents significant efficacy on cervical headache, which can obviously improve headache symptoms and cervical ROM.

Acupuncture Points ; Adult ; Cervical Vertebrae ; physiopathology ; Female ; Headache ; etiology ; physiopathology ; therapy ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Moxibustion ; Neck Pain ; complications ; physiopathology ; therapy ; Range of Motion, Articular ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult

Orthodontics in China has experienced two important stages. At its early stage from 1950 s to 1970 s orthodontics was a division of prosthodontic department in China. There were 3 top professors in this field, who got partly training at one time or another in USA and returned to China working in Beijing Medical College, the Fourth Military Medical University and Shanghai Second Medical College. Among them, Professor Mao of Beijing Medical College was regarded as the father of Chinese Orthodontics. Removable appliance was the main tool at that stage and Prof.Mao brought forward Mao’s Classification of Malocclusion which is still used in China. The rapid developing stage began in the 1980 s when China opened its door to the world. More and more orthodontists got further training abroad and brought back advanced techniques since then. Up to now, we have already had more than one thousand of orthodontic specialists and established its own organization——the Chinese Orthodontic Society (COS), which holds domestic orthodontic meetings and organize its members to attend international meetings. Right now, almost all advanced techniques in diagnosis and treatment are adopted in China, including 3D imaging, self-ligating bracket appliance, and implant anchorage. Chinese orthodontists have started to present or publish papers in international meetings and journals and more than tiat, started to develop new app-liances, such as Driving-Force Straight Wire Appliance, which has shown advantages in treating skeletal Class Ⅲ malocclusion.

Objective:To establish a system for quantitatively measuring alveolar bone density and to test its precision and validity. Methods: With the aid of computer technique, the system measured the average gray level intensity of regions of interest (ROIs) on standardized exposed direct digital periapical radiograph. To correct the variation resulting from exposure condition, an aluminum stepwedge was exposed simultaneously. By referring the image of aluminum stepwedge on each radiograph the equivalent aluminum thickness(EAT)and corrected gray level intensity(CGL)of the ROIs could be calculated as indicators of alveolar bone density. Nineteen specimens containing different amounts of hydroxy-phosphorite were radiographed. The precision of the system was tested by repeatedly measuring 2 of the specimens. The set of specimens was exposed under two different exposure time in order to test the system's validity to correct the gray level difference caused by different exposure time. Results: After repeated measurement of specimens, we found the Relative Standard Deviation(RSD) of EAT and CGL was between 0.83%-2.15%; At the level of 95%, if the difference of EAT between the two ROIs was larger than 0.05 mm or the difference of CGL was larger than 3, the content of hydroxy-phosphorite in them was different; The two sets of data during different exposure time were processed with Wilcoxon Signed Ranks Test, and the result showed effective correction of the variation caused by different exposure time. Conclusion:The precision and validity of the quantitative alveolar bone density measuring system are acceptable. The system can be used to compare alveolar bone density longitudinally and cross-sectionally.

[Objective]To evaluate the application of sonographic measurements of the thickness of transverse carpal ligaments in CTS(carpal tunnel syndrome) patients.[Methods]Fifty-two wrists from 40 patients with CTS confirmed by surgery and 32 wrists from 20 healthy individuals(control group) underwent sonographic examination of the thickness of transverse carpal ligaments at the level of pisiform bone and the hook of the hamate bone in transverse plane by the same operator.[Results]The thickness of transverse carpal ligaments in CTS patients was(0.41?0.10) cm at hamate hook level and(0.35?0.11) cm at pisiform level versus(0.28?0.11) cm and(0.20?0.08) cm in the control group.There was significant difference in the mean value of thickness of transverse carpal ligaments hetween the two groups at the two levels.[Conclusion]Ultrasonography examination of the thickness of transverse carpal ligaments is a new and valuable technique in the diagnosis of carpal tunnel syndrome and is much helpful to choose operation methods.

[Objective]To evaluate the diagnostic value of ultrasonography in patients with carpaltunnel syndrome (CTS) by measuring the thickness of transverse carpal ligament.[Method]Forty patients who had clinically and electrophysiologically confirmed as CTS underwent surgery and ultrasonographic examination by the same operator for the thickness of transverse carpal ligaments at the level of the hook of the hamate bone in transverse plane preoperatively.Twenty-four asymptomatic normal wrists served as control.Data of the ultrasonography and surgey from patients and the control groups were compared to determine the diagnostic parameters.[Result]The ultrasonographic thickness of transverse carpal ligaments in CTS patients was (0.42?0.08)cm at hamate hook leve and the data from surgey was (0.40?0.10).The data in control group was (0.29?0.07)cm.There was significant difference in the mean value of thickness of transverse carpal ligaments between the two groups at the same level.There was no significant difference between the data of CTS from surgey and ultrasonography.[Conclusion]Ultrasonography examination of the thickness of transverse carpal ligamentsis is a new and feasibile method in the diagnosis of carpal tunnel syndrome.

Objective To evaluate the clinical value of fetal holoprosencephaly complicated with face malformation by two-dimensional(2D) and three-dimensional(3D) ultrasonography.Methods Fetal faces and brains were examined regularly with 3D ultrasonography when they were suspected abnormal with 2D ultrasonography and compaired the diagnoses with postnatal or induced delivery results.Results 11 cases of holoprosencephaly complicated with face malformation were diagnosed using 2D and 3D ultrasonography.Among these cases,there were 4 with single median mostril,2 with proboscis,2 with cheiloschisis,2 with multipte face malformation,1 with arhinia.They were all comfirmed by postnatal or induced delivery.Conclusions 3D ultrasonography provides visualized,three-dimensional,more precise and clearly fetal structure imagine.It has important supplement to 2D ultrasonography.2D ultrasonography combined with 3D ultrasonography can greatly enhance the diagnosis rate to holoprosencephaly complicated with face malformation.