Objective To investigate whether high cholesterol diet (HCD) can cause gallbladder cholesterol calculus and to probe into the mechanism of its influence on gallbladder motility function. Methods Noumenon dissect and B-type ultrasonic apparatus was used to observe condition of gallbladder calculus formation in HCD group and normal control group; gallbladder motility function of the two groups were measured; radioimmunoassay was used to measure plasma CCK level in fast and 30min after fatty meal; colorimetry was used to measure cholesterol concentration in bile; and the pathologic changes of gallbladder specimen were observed. Results The gallbladder cholesterol calculus formation rate and cholesterol concentration in bile of HCD group was remarkably higher than that in normal control group (P

BackgroundAdenoid cystic carcinoma is a malignant tumor originating from lacrimal gland epithelium with high recurrence rate and mortality because of its invasiveness. Although surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy are used clinically,the curative effect is not enough satisfied. ObjectiveThis study was to provide an experimental basis for clinical application of 125 Ⅰ seeds interstitial brachytherapy. MethodsHuman ACC-2 cell links were transplanted subcutaneously in the back of 30 SPF BALB/C nude mice to establish the ACC model,and 25 of these mice with suitable sizes of tumor were selected and randomly divided into the G1 (0. 4 mCi 125 Ⅰ ), G2 (0. 6 mCi 125 Ⅰ ) ,G3(0. 8mCi 125 Ⅰ ) ,and G4( 1.0mCi 125 Ⅰ ) groups according to the different therapeutic radioactivity treatments,with 5 nude mice for each group,and a 125 Ⅰ seed without radioactivity was used in 5 mice as the control group. The dimensions of the tumors were measured at 2-day intervals and the inhibition rates of tumors were calculated. Nude mice were killed 14 days later by the broken neck method,and the amount of apoptosis and necrosis as well as the maximum effective radius of tumor to 125Ⅰseed were detected under the transmission electron microscope and routine pathological examination. ResultsFourteen day after operation, the dimension of tumors was (3713.19±243.23)mm3 in the G0 group;while in the G1 ,G2 ,G3 and G4 groups,the dimensions of tumors were (3113.35±316.54) mm3,(2635.85±261.21) mm3, (2538.37±312.16) mm3 and(1686.28±231.65) mm3,respectively, showing a significant decrease in comparison with the Go group( P＜0. 05 ). The tumor inhibitory rates in the G1 ,G2,G3 and G4 group were(20. 11±3.09)％, (36. 18±2.54)％ ,(40. 83±4. 17)％ ,and(66. 63±5.34)％ ,with an obvious elevation with the increase in the dose of 125 Ⅰ ( F=120. 240,P=0. 000). Correlative analysis showed that the intensity of radioactivity from 125Ⅰhad a positive correlation with tumor inhibitory rate (r =0. 653,P =0. 008 ). The maximum effective radius were ( 5.2 ±0.5 ) mm, ( 6.4 ±0. 7 ) mm, ( 7.4 ±0.4 ) mm, and ( 8.2 ±0. 5 ) mm in the G1 ,G2, G3 and G4 groups, with the considerable differences among them (F=29. 22, P=0. 000). Radioactivity of 125 Ⅰ exhibited positive correlation with the maximum effective radius ( r =0. 609, P =0. 004). Conclusions125 Ⅰseed implantation brachytherapy can inhibit the growth of the transplanted ACC in BALB/C nude mice by suppressing the proliferation of tumor cells. It is a safe ,feasible and effective method to treat adenoid cystic carcinoma.

Objective To study the therapeutic effect of anisodamine on pulmonary edema after sea-water drowning(PE-SWD). Methods Rat models of PE-SWD were set up by infusing sea-water into rats lungs,and then were randomly divided into PE-SWD model group(M group) and therapeutic group with anisodamine(T group). Blood-gas indexes of arterial blood were measured at 0.5, 1, 2, 4 and 6 hours after infusion. TNF-? levels in the plasma,bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and lung tissues were detected by ELISA. At the same time,the dry/wet weight of lung was also measured. Results The levels of blood PaO_2,SO_2 and pH in T group were obviously higher than those in M group 2h after infusion. The dry/wet weight of lung in T group was lower than that in M group. The concentration of TNF-? in plasma, BALF and lung tissues in the both M and T groups significantly higher than that in control group, and reached maximum 1h after infusion. After infusion,the TNF-? contentration in all tested specimens in T group was obviously lower than that in M group. Conclusion There was the therapeutic effect of anisodamine on the pulmonary edema after sea-water drowning possibly by decreasing TNF-? level.

Objective A biomechanical comparison of three kinds of internal fixation for intercondylar fracture of humerus was, made so as to provide a theoretical basis for clinical practice. Methods 18 fresh humeri were used to reproduce T-type intercondylar fracture, and three different fixation appliances were applied, including cross Kirschner wire with addition of “8” wire, single “Y” type plate, 1/3 tubular plate with reconstruction plate. Biomechanical tests were performed on these specimens. Result Under the same load condition, 1/3 tubular plate with reconstruction plate yielded the best results, while crossing Kirschner wire with “8” wire was the poorest. Conclusion The results showed that 1/3 tubular plate with reconstruction plate was a good internal fixation appliance. It has a proper design and stability, but it is not easy to apply. Therefore, an optimal method should be chosen according to local condition in clinical practice.

Objective: To explore the predictors of drive for thinness in female college students in Beijing. Methods: 499 female students were investigated with Drive For Thinness of EDI, Body-Esteem Scale for Adolescents and Adults and BMI-based Silhouette Matching Test (BMI-SMT). Results: The deviation of perception, the deviation of expectation of one's own body and body-esteem were found to be predictors of drive for thinness. For someone with normal weight, the deviation of perception, the deviation of expectation of one's own body were significantly larger than someone slightly underweight and very underweight, the body-esteem were significantly lower and their drive for thinness were significantly greater. Conclusion: The distorting perception, the unreasonable expectation of one's own body and low body-esteem are important predictors of drive for thinness, which will then cause eating disorder in female college students.

Objective To investigate the expression of Pin1 and cyclin D1 in human pancreatic carcinoma and to discuss its role in oncogenesis of pancreatic cancer.Methods The mRNA expression of Pin1 and cyclinD1 in pancreatic tumor tissues and corresponding adjacent nontumor tissues 27 patients was detected by the real-time quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction(RQ-RT-PCR).The results of RQ-RT-PCR were analyzed by one-way ANOVA and Fisher's exact probabilities test.Results Cyclin D1 and Pin1 were overexpressed at mRNA level in pancreatic carcinoma tissues compared with their adjacent nontumor tissues.Cyclin D1 overexpression were found in 14 of 20 pancreatic carcinoma tissue specimens and Pin1 overexpression in 13 of 20 carcinoma tissue specimens.The expression of cyclin D1 and Pin1 in pancreatic cystadenoma tissues was not different than that of corresponding adjacent nontumor pancreatic tissue.Pin1 overexpression positively correlated with an increase in cyclin D1 levels as shown by Fisher's exact probabilities test.However,Pin1 and cyclin D1 expression was not correlated with clinical stage and pathological parameters.Conclusions The overexpression of Pin1 in pancreatic carcinoma tissues could promote cyclin D1 expression,which might be a critical event in oncogenesis of pancreatic carcinoma.Pin1 may play a key role in pancreatic carcinoma.

Objective To evaluate the role of autophagy in hippocampal neurons in cognitive dysfunction caused by sevoflurane anesthesia in juvenile rats.Methods One hundred four male SpragueDawley rats, aged 7 days, weighing 10-16 g, were randomly assigned into 3 groups using a random number table: control group (group C, n =8), sevoflurane anesthesia group (group S, n =48), and sevoflurane anesthesia + rapamycin group (group SR, n =48).Group C inhaled 60％ oxygen for 6 h.S and SR groups inhaled 3.6％ sevoflurane anesthesia for 6 h, and in addition, rapamycin 2 mg/kg was injected intraperitoneally at 1 h before of sevoflurane inhalation in group SR.The equal volume of phosphate buffer solution was given in C and S groups.At 1 h before sevoflurane anesthesia (T0) , immediately after the end of anesthesia (T1) , and at 12, 24 and 48 h after the end of anesthesia (T2-4) , 8 rats were randomly selected from S and SR groups to determine the expression of autophagy-related proteins microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 (LC3) Ⅰ , LC3 Ⅱ and Beclin-1 in hippocampal neurons (by Western blot).The ratio of LC3 Ⅱ/LC3 Ⅰ was calculated.Morris water maze test was performed at 5 weeks after the end of anesthesia to assess the cognitive function.The escape latency, frequency of crossing the original platform, and duration of swimming spent at the target quadrant were recorded.Results Compared with the values at T0, the expression of LC3 Ⅱ and Beclin-1 was significantly down-regulated at T1-3 , and the ratio of LC3 Ⅱ/LC3 [was decreased in group S, and the expression of LC3 Ⅱ and Beclin-1 was significantly up-regulated at T1-4, and the ratio of LC3 Ⅱ/LC3 Ⅰ was increased in group SR (P＜0.05).Compared with group C, the escape latency was significantly prolonged, the frequency of crossing the original platform was reduced, and the duration of swimming spent at the target quadrant was shortened at 3-5 days in group S (P＜0.05) , and no significant change was found in the parameters mentioned above in group SR (P＞ 0.05).Compared with group S, the escape latency was significantly shortened, the frequency of crossing the original platform was increased, and the duration of swimming spent at the target quadrant was prolonged at 3-5 days, the expression of LC3 Ⅱ and Beclin-1 was up-regulated at T1-4 , and the ratio of LC3 Ⅱ/LC3Ⅰ was increased in group SR (P＜0.05).Conclusion Weakened autophagy in hippocampal neurons is involved in cognitive dysfunction caused by sevoflurane anesthesia in the juvenile rats.

Objective To observe the effect of Duanteng Yimu decoction (DYD) on bone turnover markers of C-terminal telopeptide of type Ⅰ collagen (CTX-Ⅰ) and N-terminal propeptide of type Ⅰ procollagen ( PⅠNP) of adjuvant-induced arthritis (AA) rats. Methods Seventy-two SD rats were divided into 9 groups, and complete Freund's adjuvant was injected into the rats to establish adjuvant-induced arthritis rat model. After medication for 36 days, the pedal swelling, the serum levels of CTX-Ⅰand PⅠNP, and ankle X-ray photographic scores were observed. Results The pedal swelling degrees and ankle X-ray scores in medication groups were lower than those in the model group ( P<0.05). The PⅠNP level had no statistically significance in various groups ( P>0.05). The CTX-Ⅰlevel in low-dose DYD group was decreased (P<0.05). Conclusion Caulis Celastri has two-way effects on CTX-Ⅰlevel of female AA rats, and its side effects can be reduced by Radix Dipsaci and Herba Leonuri, but their antagonism effect will disappear with the increase of the dose of Caulis Celastri.

Objective To investigate the level and proportional relationship of free fluorine and soluble fluoride in different brands of toothpaste,and analyze possible risk factors.Methods A total of 54 samples of commercially available toothpastes of domestic,joint venture and imported in Guiyang City were collected,and the levels of free fluoride and soluble fluorine were determined,respectively,using fluorideion selective electrode.method (GB 8372-2008).Results The number of the toothpaste was 32,12,10,respectively,in domestic,joint venture and imported.The levels of free fluorine ranged from 0.98 to 1 603.50 mg/kg,3.22 to 617.50 mg/kg and 306.80 to 1 590.80 mg/kg,respectively,in toothpastes of domestic,joint venture and imported; the number of exceeding the standard free fluorine was 3,0 and 1,respectively,in toothpastes of domestic,joint venture and imported; the rate of exceeding the standard free fluorine was 9.4％,0.0％ and 10.0％,respectively,in toothpastes of domestic,joint venture and imported.The levels of soluble fluorine ranged from 3.06 to 4 302.50 mg/kg,9.02 to 1 667.30 mg/kg and 9.18 to 4 013.20 mg/kg,respectively,in toothpastes of domestic,joint venture and imported; the number of exceeding the standard soluble fluorine was 9,2 and 3,respectively,in toothpastes of domestic,joint venture and imported; the rate of exceeding the standard soluble fluorine was 34.4％,16.7％ and 30.0％,respectively,in toothpastes of domestic,joint venture and imported.The proportion of free fluorine and soluble fluoride was:domestic 1.0 ∶ 2.7,joint venture 1.0 ∶ 2.7,imported 1.0 ∶ 2.5,respectively.The confidence limit (R/d) was 0.98.Conclusion The fluoride level in different brands of toothpaste has exceeded the standard,the content and proportion of soluble fluoride are obviously higher than those of free fluoride,and there is a risk on tooth damage from fluoride,and factories should strengthen quality control in adding fluoride.

Objective To discuss prenatal ultrasound features and fetal outcomes of meconium peritonitis.Methods This is a retrospective study of all cases of fetal meconium peritonitis (n=26) registered in the Department of Obstetrics,Xin Hua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine from April 1,2004 to December 31,2014.Prenatal ultrasound features,surgical findings and fetal outcomes were discussed.Variance analysis,Chi-square test or Fisher's exact test were applied for statistics.Results Among the 26 cases,25(96.2％) were diagnosed prenatally,24 (92.3％) underwent neonatal surgery,and 24 (92.3％) survived.Prenatal ultrasound findings included bowel dilatation (88.5％,23/26),intra-abdominal calcification (42.3％,11/26),fetal ascites (30.8％,8/26),intra-abdominal pseudocysts (15.4％,4/26) and polyhydramnios(50.0％,13/26).Surgical findings confirmed the diagnosis of meconium peritonitis was due to jejunal atresia[16.7％(4/24)],ileal atresia[75％(18/24)],and atresia of jejunal and ileal junction [8.3％(2/24)],respectively.However,no statistical significance was shown in the incidence of bowel dilatation,intra-abdominal calcification,fetal ascites,pseudocysts and polyhydramnios among the three groups of different etiology (all P＞0.05).Conclusions The prenatal ultrasound features of meconium peritonitis may vary a lot.But bowel dilatation combined with intra-abdominal calcification,fetal ascites or pseudocysts prompts the diagnosis of meconium peritonitis.Early surgical intervention in neonatal period could reduce the neonatal mortality remarkably,thus comprehensive and standardized perinatal management are necessary to improve fetal outcomes.