Objective To explore the application of event related potentials (ERPs) in the comprehensive intervention for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in children. Methods P 300 of ERPs and Conners' measuring scale were tested in 31 children with ADHD before and 6 months after comprehensive intervention. At the same time, P 300 was tested in 36 healthy children as control. Results In the children with ADHD, the P 300 latency was longer and amplitude was lower than those in the healthy children before comprehensive intervention (P

BACKGROUND:Children with learning difficulty often present with cognitive impairments and imbalanced development of intelligence accompanied by emotional and behavioral problems.OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the therapeutic effects of integrated interventions in multiple aspects for children with learning difficulties.DESIGN:A case-control study of children with learning difficulties.SETTING:Department of Pediatric Internal Medicine, Union Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University.PARTICIPANTS:This study involved school-age children of 6 to 12years old with learning difficulties who came to the department specialized in pediatric psychology for consultation from July 1998 to July 2001. The diagnosis of learning difficulties conformed to the diagnostic criteria for special learning disability in ICD-10 with IQ ＞ 70 as an essential condition. Children with emotional disorders, mental deficiency, hyperactivity,visual and auditory dysfunctions and organic cerebral diseases were excluded. The diagnosis was further verified by a professor specialized in neuropsychology. The children voluntarily participated in the cognitive training, behavioral intervention and comprehensive trainings of senses and those who fulfilled the one-year treatment were included in this study. The ratio of therapists to the children was 1:2, and each session of treatment lasted for 90-120 minutes given 2-3 times a week, and a treatment course consisted of 24 sessions. The children were supposed to complete 4 consecutive treatment courses. Totally 31 children completed the treatment courses, including 24 boys and 7 girls with the mean age of(7.7±1.2)years who had an average IQ of 87.5±8.6.grated interventions for one year consisting of cognitive training, behavioral intervention and comprehensive training of the senses. Raven's Deductive Reasoning test and Beery Visual-Motor Integration Test were use to examine the deductive reasoning ability and visual-motor integration of the children, and visual attention test and auditory attention test, as well as sequential and reverse-sequence memory tests were employed to test their attentions. Achenbach children behavioral scale was applied to evaluate the children's behavioral problems, and Conners' questionnaire for children's behavioral problem was used to measure their attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) index.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:Changes in the deductive reasoning ability, capability of visual-motor integration, attention and psychological behaviors after one year of intervention.RESULTS:All the 31 patients children entered the result analysis with no loss. After one year of integrated intervention, the children had significantly improved scores for Raven's Deductive Reasoning Test (87.51 ±8.64 vs 90.03±8.70, t=-9.610, P ＜ 0.001) and Beery Visual-Motor Integration Test (6.75±1.74 vs 8.27±1.94, t=-9.002, P ＜ 0.001). Obvious improvement was also seen in the visual attention test (15.90±20.11 vs 2.74±3.67), scope of auditory attention and memory (7.70±1.60 vs 11.23±1.23for sequential memory and 3.52±0.93 vs 6.97±0.16 for reversed-sequence memory, P ＜ 0.01). The total scores for ADHD assessment declined to different extents at 3 and 6 months during the treatment and upon the completion of the treatment (22.65±3.53 vs 18.87±4.14 at month 3, 5.65±3.92at month 6 and 12.65±3.36 at one year, t=7.35-15.36, P ＜ 0.01). The scores for 9 psychobehavioral items in Achenbach children behavioral scale obviously declined were also reduced significantly during the therapy,and 87% (26/31) of the children had obviously improved academic performance.CONCLUSION:Interventions integrating cognitive training, behavioral intervention and comprehensive training of the senses may produce good and persistent effect on the cognitive and emotional symptoms of children with learning difficulties, resulting in obviously improved visual, auditory and brain functions.

AlM:To investigate the effects of pirfenidone ( PFD) on the proliferation and transfomring growth factor-β1 ( TGF-β1 ) expression in vitro culture rat corneal stromal cells.METHODS: Corneal stromal cells from 8 to 10wk SD rats were isolated, cultured and treated with different concentrations of PFD 0mg/mL (control group), 0. 15mg/mL (experimental group▏), 0. 3mg/mL (experimental group‖), 1mg/mL (experimental group Ⅲ) for 48h. CCK-8 assay was performed to assess cell proliferation, while immunocytochemistry and Western Blot were used to detect the expression of ki-67 and TGF-β1 expression, respectively. RESULTS: Compared with control group, PFD significantly inhibited the proliferation in a dose -dependent manner ( all P < 0. 05 ), so was protein expression of ki-67. PFD significantly down-regulated the expression of TGF-β1 in a dose-dependent manner (P<0. 05).CONCLUSlON: Pirfenidone can significantly inhibit the proliferation of rat corneal stromal cell by down regulating TGF-β1 expression, therefore, it has potential prospect in lightening the corneal wound healing reaction.

Nucleic acid sequence-based amplification(NASBA) is a sensitive,isothermal,transcription-based amplification system specifically designed for the detection of RNA targets,which could amplify templete RNA in 2h under isothermal condition at about 42?C and without any special equipment.NASBA is now widely applicated in diagnosis of many pathogenic microorganism.It is mainly about principles and applications of NASBA in viral diagnosis.

OBJECTIVETo study the prevalence of P53 protein expression and p53 gene mutation in laryngeal carcinoma.

METHODSUsing immunohistochemistry P53 expression was detected in 31 patients with laryngeal carcinoma. In 11 P53 negative patients,microdissection-PCR-HA technique was used to determine mutation in p53 exon 5, 6, 7, 8.

RESULTSAmong the 31 patients tested with immunostaining, the overall average positive rate was 64.5%. Positive rates for T3 and T4 tumors were 86.7% vs 43.8% in T1 and T2 tumors.The positive rate was 91.7% in those with cervical node metastasis compared with 47.4% in those without lymph node metastasis. The positive P53 immunostaining was more frequently found in poor differentiated carcinoma (87.5%) and moderate-differentiated carcinoma (66.7%),than in well differentiated carcinoma (45.5%). The abnormal exon 5 or 7 of p53 gene were detected in 2 out of 11 cases, in which P53 was negative.

CONCLUSIONP53 gene mutation is related with TNM grading and cervical lymph node metastasis in laryngeal carcinoma. P53 mutation tents to be correlated to pathologic grading.

Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Genes, p53 ; Heteroduplex Analysis ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Laryngeal Neoplasms ; chemistry ; genetics ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Mutation ; Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 ; analysis

ObjectiveTo observe the effect of lappaconitine (LA) on brain water content and serum IL-I,IL-2 and TNF-α levels in rats with traumatic brain injury (TBI) as well as its cerebral protective function.MethodsA total of 24 male SD rats were involved in the study and randomly divided into control group,TBI group and TBI +LA group,with eight rats per group.The rats in the TBI group and TBI + LA group were inflicted with fluid percussion injury ( FPI ).The rats in the TBI + LA group were treated with LA (4 mg/Kg/d,ip,for 10 consecutive days).The neurological score,brain water content and serum IL-I,IL-2 and TNF -α concentrations were detected at time points including TO ( before FPI ),T1 (one day after FPI),T2 (five days after FPI) andT3 (10 days after FPI).Results At each time point after FPI,the neurological dysfunction was observed in both the TBI group and TBI + LA group.The neurological dysfunction was gradually alleviated from TI to T3 in the FPI + LA group,which showed significant lower neurological score as compared with the TBI group (P ＜0.05 or 0.01 ).The brain water content in the TBI group and TBI + LA group was significantly higher than that in the control group at each time point after FPI.Meanwhile,the water content of the TBI + LA group was significantly lower than that of the TBI group ( P ＜ 0.01 ).The serum IL-1,IL-2 and TNF-alpha concentrations in the TBI group and TBI + LA group were significantly higher than those in the control group at each time point after FPI,and the serum IL-I,IL-2 and TNF-αt concentrations of the TBI + LA group were significantly lower than those of the TBI group ( P ＜ 0.01 ).Conclusions LA exerts cerebral protective effects of TBI rats by relieving the neurological dysfunction and cerebral edema and reducing the serum IL-1,IL-2 and TNF-α concentrations.

Objective To investigate the effects and safety of sequential treatments with methotrexate and mifepristone for ectopic pregnancy with fetal cardiac activity.Methods 4 cases of ectopic pregnancy with fetal car- diac activity in our hospital were given by sequential therapy with methotrexate and mifepristone.Serum?-HCG,liv- er function and renal function,blood routine and gastrointestinal response were observed.Results 4 cases of ectopic pregnancy with fetal cardiac activity with 1～4 periods of sequential treatments were cured.Except light gastroin- testinal response,and one had slight rise of serum ALT level and AST level,no one had rnyelosuppression and heavy hepatic injury.Conclusion The sequential therapy with methotrexate and mifepristone is an effective and safe method for the treatment to ectopic pregnancy with fetal cardiac activity.

Objective To investigate the correlation between serum bone metabolism biomarkers and bone mineral density (BMD) in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients with different stages. Methods Seventy-eight CKD patients were enrolled in this study and were assigned to different groups according to their ereatinine clearance (Cer). Patients with Cer ≥ 15 ml/min were divided into 4 groups based on clinical CKD 1-4 stage standard, and those with Ccr<15 ml/min were divided into two groups of hemodialysis (HD) and non-HD. Their levels of serum calcium, phosphorus, alkalinity phosphatase (ALP), urea, Ser, osteocalein (gla-protein, OC), calcitonin (CT), intact parathyroid hormone (iPTH), osteoprotegerin (OPG) and BMD were detected respectively. Results (1) The serum levels of OPG, iPTH and phosphorus increased significantly in stage 3, 4, 5, respectively (P<0.01), and serum OPG level was elevated to (5.1±1.34) ng/L after HD, which was significantly higher than (3.35±0.76) ng/L before HD (P<0.05). The levels of serum OC, CT, calcium, ALP were not significantly different among patients with different CKD stages, while the level of OC was elevated in HD patients (P<0.05). The femoral WARDS triangle BMD of CKD stage 4 patients decreased to 0.77±0.09, which was less than the value of CKD stage 1 patients (P<0.01), with litde influence from hemodialysis treatment. (2) The level of serum OPG was positively correlated with the levels of serum phosphorus, iPTH, OC (r = 0.51, 0.39, 0.36,all P<0.01), and it was negatively correlated with the level of Ccr (r =-0.70, P<0.01). The femoral WARDS triangle BMD was negatively correlated with the levels of iPTH, OC, phosphorus and OPG (r =-0.59,-0.51,-0.45,-0.48, all P<0.05). Conclusions Most of serum bone metabolism biomarkers change according to the declined level of Cer. Compared with serum phosphorus, the levels of iPTH, BGP and femoral WARDS triangle BMD, serum OPG may be early diagnosticmarkers of renal osteodystrophy in CKD patients.

Objective To improve the anderstanding of clinical profile of primary plasma cell leukemia.Methods Case report and literature review.Results A rare case of nervous system relapse in primary plasma cell leukemia was reported.Six patients were identified from the literature.The type of immunoglobulin included IgG(3 patients),IgD(2 patients).Clinical manifestations of nervous system were variable.The average interval from initial diagnosis to the development of nervous system relapse was 16.5 months.Plasma cells were found in cerebrospinal fluid in 4 patients.The mean surviaval time was 6.7 months after nervous system relapse.Conlusion Nervous system relapse in primary plasma cell leukemia is rare with poor prognosis.

Polysaccharides widely exist in animals, plants, microorganisms, and possess various biological activities including anti-tumor, anti-virus, anti-oxidant and immunomodulatory. Polysaccharides shows notable anti-tumor activity and less toxicity, and becomes a hotspot in the studies of anti-tumor drugs. Therefore, there is huge potential for developing polysaccharides into a novel antitumor medicine. This article summarized polysaccharides derived from animals, plants, microorganisms which have significant antitumor effect in the latest 5 years; findings indicate that polysaccharides show the anti-tumor effect directly by inducing tumor cell apoptosis and indirectly as an immunoenhancement. This article also looks into the future of studies on anti-tumor activity of polysaccharides.
Animals ; Antineoplastic Agents ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Humans ; Immunity ; drug effects ; Immunologic Factors ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; immunology ; metabolism ; Polysaccharides ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Signal Transduction ; drug effects