Alzheimer's disease(AD),which is one type of senile deimentia, has three remarkable pathologic characteristics-senile plaque,neurofibrillar tangles and neuronal death. As a neurotrophic factor, basic fibroblast growth factor(bFGF)is closely related to AD. This article reviewed the interaction between bFGF and AD-associated gene products(such as amyliod ? protein,presenilin, apoloprotein E and microtubulin associated protein tau)and neuronal apoptosis. Some researchers suggested that bFGF may be put forward as potential therapeutic agent in AD and play a role in preventing or retarding the pathological process of this disease, alleviating or even eradicating the pathological insults of this disease.

Acupuncture Points ; Adult ; Aged ; Anorexia ; therapy ; Child ; Constipation ; therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Inflammation ; therapy ; Male ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; methods ; Pruritus ; therapy

Objective:To explore influence of monotherapy or combined use of telmisartan and pyridoxamine on aor-tic remodeling in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR)and its possible mechanism.Methods:A total of 48 male SHE were randomly and equally divided into hypertension control group,telmisartan group,group,and telmisartan+ group (combined treatment group). Kyoto Wistar rats of the same age and gender were regarded as normal blood pressure control group (normal control group). Thoracic aortic section were examined by related staining af-ter 16 weeks intervention to calculate the ratio of aortic wall thickness to radius of lumen (Tw/Rl),the ratio of wall area to lumen area (W/L),and the area ratio of media elastic fiber/collagen fiber. Concentrations of related en-zymes and receptor etc. of abdominal aortic were measured.Results:Compared with hypertension control group, there was significant rise in ratio of media elastic fiber/collagen fiber area and significant reduction in media collagen fiber/media area ratio in telmisartan group,pyridoxamine monotherapy group and combined treatment group,and there were significant decrease in Tw/Rl [(0.17±0.02)vs. (0.12±0.01)]and W/L [(0.29±0.03)vs. (0.22± 0.02)]ratios in combined treatment group,P <0.05 or <0.01;immunohistochemistry indicated that there were significant reductions in thoracic aortic receptor of advanced glycation end products (RAGE) [(0.24±0.03)vs.(0.17±0.03)]and extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (p-ERK1/2 )expression [(0.63 ± 0.06)vs. (0.37± 0.04)]in combined treatment group,P <0.05,<0.01. Fluorescence quantitative PCR indicated that medication can significantly reduce nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH)oxidase subunit p47phox mRNA ex-pression (P <0.01 all),especially in combined treatment group (P =0.001).Conclusion:Combined use of telmis-artan and pyridoxamine is superior to the single use of either drug on improving thoracic aortic remodeling in SHR, the mechanism may be related to it reduces local expression of RAGE and p-ERK1/2 ,and inhibits oxidase subunit p47 of NADPH.

Objective To investigate the effects and the mechanism of telmisartan and pyridoxamine on oxidative stress in spontaneously hypertensive rats(SHR).Methods SHRs(male,20 weeks of age) were randomly divided into four groups (n＝ 12 for each):hypertension control (HC) group (2 ml of distilled water),telmisartan group[T,6 mg/(kg · d)],pyridoxamine group[P,200 mg/(kg · d)]and combined group(TP,6 mg/kg telmisartan and 200 mg/kg pyridoxamine per day).Treatments were continued for 16 weeks.The normal control group included 13 WKY rats and received gastric lavage with distilled water.SBP of tail artery was measured during the intervention ervey 2 weeks.The levels of AGEs,SOD and MDA were measured by ELISA,xanthine oxidase and thiobarbituric acid methods after the intervention.Expressiones of NF-κBp65,ERK1 and ERK2 in renal tissue were detected by immunohistochemistry.Expression of RAGE in the renal cortex was investigated by Western blot.Results SOD activity was decreased in the HC group.The levels of AGEs,MDA,RAGE and the activations of NF-κBp65 and ERK1/2 were increased in the HC group (t＝4.53,5.52,2.93,al1 P＜0.05).After the 16 weeks' intervention,SOD activity was elevated in T,P and TP groups compared to that in HC group (P＜0.05).The positive expressiones of NF-κBp65,ERK1 and ERK2 were significantly reduced in T,P and TP groups compared to those in HC group (F＝20.13、148.82、18.70,all P＜0.05).All the positive expressiones of NF-κBp65,ERK 1and ERK2 were lowest in the TP group versus T and P groups (t ＝ 3.58、2.84,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions Telmisartan and pyridoxamine can alleviate the oxidative stress in spontaneously hypertensive rats,which may result from the blocking effect of Ang Ⅱ,the reduction of AGEs-RAGE and inhibiting the signal pathways of ROS,NF-κBp65 and ROS-ERK1/2.

Humans ; Ischemic Postconditioning ; Myocardial Reperfusion Injury

Objective: To observe the effect of pyridoxamine and telmisartan on the indexes of myocardial remodeling in spontaneous hypertensive rats (SHR). Methods: A total of 48 male SHR at 22 weeks of age were randomly divided into 4 groups:①Hypertension (H) control group, the rats received distilled water 2 ml/d,②telmisartan (T) group, the rats received telmisartan 6 mg/(kg.d),③pyridoxamine (P) group, the rats received pyridoxamine 200 mg/(kg.d),④Combination (TP) group, the rats received both telmisartan and pyridoxamine. All animals were treated for 16 weeks and the systolic blood pressure (SBP) was measured before and after treatment. After treatment, the serum levels of nitric oxide (NO) and super oxide dismutase (SOD) were examined by chemiluminescent method, advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) was detected by ELISA, left ventricular weight index and collagen volume fraction (CVF) in myocardial tissue were calculated, the mRNA expression of myocardial receptor of advanced glycation end products (RAGE) was evaluated by real time RT-PCR. Results: Compared with H group, SBP levels were decreased in T and TP groups,P<0.01, while SBP in P group stayed similar,P>0.05. Compared with H group, the serum levels of NO and SOD were increased in T, P and TP groups,P<0.01; while compared with T group and P group, the levels of NO and SOD were further increased in TP group,P<0.05. Compared with H group, left ventricular weight index and CVF were decreased in T, P and TP groups,P<0.01; while compared with T group and P group, left ventricular weight index and CVF were further decreased in TP group,P<0.05. Pyridoxamine and telmisartan had the coordinative effect on left ventricular weight index and CVF, P<0.05. The serum levels of AGEs were lower in T group (5.99 ± 0.51) mg/L, P group (5.57 ± 0.91) mg/L and TP group (5.24 ± 0.63) mg/L than that in H group, (6.71 ± 0.50) mg/L,P<0.01; while compared with T group and P group, AGEs was further decreased in TP group,P<0.05. The mRNA expressions of RAGE were reduced in T group (0.035 ± 0.010), P group (0.036 ± 0.005) and TP group (0.024 ± 0.007) than that in H group (0.053 ± 0.010),P <0.01; while compared with T group and P group, the mRNA of RAGE was further reduced in TP group, P<0.05. Conclusion: Pyridoxamine could improve the oxidative stress and the indexes of myocardial remodeling independently from decreasing blood pressure in SHR. Combined intervention of P and T may break the coordination systems between AGEs-RAGE and renin-angiotensin, therefore further improve the indexes of myocardial remodeling in SHR.

Objective To compare the effect of different ways of water supply and whether or not drain water from waterlines for overnight on bacterial counts in dental unit waterlines(DUWLs).Methods In the first phase,6 sets of DUWLs were randomly divided into 2 groups (external storage tank water supply group and municipal water sup-ply group);in the second phase,6 sets of DUWLs were all changed to use external storage tank and randomly di-vided into 2 groups (draining water for overnight group and without draining water for overnight group),bacterial count before and within one week of disinfection between two groups at two phases were compared respectively. Results In the first phase,handpiece water of DUWLs was most seriously contaminated by bacteria,the average colony count was 4117 CFU/mL,qualified rate was 15.38%.Before disinfection,no significant difference in bacte-rial count were found among each groups (all P>0.05),bacterial count of DUWLs of all groups severely exceeded the standard(all >3000 CFU/mL).Comparison of bacterial count in DUWLs from different water supply routes after disinfection was not significantly different on day 1(P>0.05),but were significantly different at day 2-7(all P<0.05).On the second day after disinfection,municipal water supply group began to exceed bacteria standard;on the third day after disinfection,external storage tank group began to exceed bacteria standard.Bacterial count in DUWLs after disinfection between draining water for overnight group and without draining water for overnight group was no significantly different on day 1(P>0.05),but were significantly different on day 2-7(all P<0.05). On the fourth day of disinfection,bacterial count of without draining water for overnight group exceeded standard.On day 7 of disinfection,bacterial count in draining water for overnight group exceeded>100 CFU/mL.Conclusion Use of external storage tank,daily change of sterile distilled water,and daily emptying water for overnight can effectively reduce bacterial count in DUWLs.

By analyzing scientific research misconduct and its causes,this paper revealed the conflicts between interests of researchers and management,and proposed measures and suggestions to construct scientific integrity system in Chinese institutions by drawing on experiences from Australia、UK and America.

OBJECTIVE:To observe the efficacy of small dose of uremic clearance granule combined with colon enema on aged patients with chronic renal failure(CRF) . METHODS:60 aged CRF patients were randomly divided into treatment group(n=30) and control group(n=30) . Two groups were given essential treatment. Control group were treated with medicinal carbon additionally. Treatment group were additionally treated with uremic clearance granule(p.o.) combined with colon enema. The course of treatment was 15 days and curative effects were compared between two groups after 30 days of treatment. RESULTS:30 days later clinical symptom of patients in treatment group was obviously improved and the levels of blood urea nitrogen,serum creatinine,blood uric acid and serum potassium were lower than before treatment with significant difference. CONCLUSION:Small dose of uremic clearance granule combined with colon enema show satisfactory effect on CRF in aged patients as well as simple,practical and good compliance. This therapy is worth of spreading and putting into application.

Indexes of cardiovascular function and survival time were obser-vedin rats given the following antagonists respectively after scald injury: anti-p-endorphin serum at 10?l, Naloxone at 2mg, ICI174864 at 0.2mg, or TRH at 2 mg, and half of the doses were administered at 1, 2, 3h after scald. The results showed that the cardiac indexes (dP/dtmax, -dP/dtmax and LVSP)were improved, the decrease of mean arterial pressure ( MAP ) and heart rate ( HR ) were delayed after the injections of anti-p-endorphin serum, naloxone or ICIi748e4, and survival time was significantly prolonged in anti ? - endorphin serum group. TRH had little effect on cardiac indexes, MAP and HR were maintained at high level at earlier period, but sharply sloped down in about 210 min after burn. The result suggests that intraventri-cular administration of anti-?-endorphin, naloxone or ICI174864 had much benefit on scald shock, but TRH was uncertain at least in the treatment of scald shock.