Cancer stem cell niche provides a relatively stable microenvironment for cancer stem cell (CSC)existence,proliferation and differentiation.This microenvironment consists of kinds of cells,stroma and cytokines, etc. Within it , CSC can resist chemoradiotherapy. It has been shown that destruction of the microen vironment can significantly enhance the effect of chemoradiotherapy and improve prognosis of cancer patients.

BACKGROUND:Lumbar fusion is a conventional effective measure to treat spondylolisthesis, spinal stenosis or with deformity. Bilateral pedicle screw fixation is recognized as the standard treatment for various spinal disorders, and has biomechanical and clinical advantages. OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the effects of bilateral pedicle screw fixation in the repair of lumbar disc herniation to restore disc height from the angle of imaging. METHODS: Clinical data of 42 patients with lumbar disc herniation were retrospectively analyzed. They al received bilateral pedicle screw fixation. Pain was evaluated before implantation, immediately and 1 month after implantation using Japanese Orthopaedic Association score of lower back pain and visual analog scale score. X-ray including anteriorposterior and lateral films of lumbar spine and MRI were used. CT was utilized to verify screw placement conditions and complications. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:A total of 42 patients were folowed up for 3-6 months. Compared with pre-implantation, Japanese Orthopaedic Association score and visual analog scale score were significantly improved immediately after implantation (P < 0.01). There was no significant difference in Japanese Orthopaedic Association score between 1 month and immediately after implantation (P > 0.05). The height of intervertebral discs was significantly higher immediately and 1 month after implantation than pre-implantation (P < 0.01). The symptoms were lessened after fixation in al cases, and their qualities of life elevated. At 1 month, X-ray films and CT images revealed that no screw loosening, breakage or displacement occurred. The height of intervertebral discs was perfectly restored. No adverse events appeared in patients. These data indicate that bilateral pedicle screw fixation for lumbar intervertebral disc herniation can effectively restore the height of intervertebral discs, improve clinical symptoms and have biological and clinical superiority.

ObjectiveTo investigate the feasibility and superiority of video-assisted minithoracotomy surgery (VAMT) in treatment of adolescent patients with primary spontaneous pneumothorax. MethodsThe clinical data of 103 adolescent patients with spontaneous pneumothorax were analyzed retrospectively. VAMTS was performed in 56 cases and video-assisted thoracoseopic surgery(VATS) was performed in 47 cases. complications Statistical analysis were undergoing in middle-operation, post-operation and ambi-operation in the two groups were analyzed. ResultsNo statistically significant difference were found in blood loss ,operating time,pain grade, out-of-bed activity time, antibiotics use time,chest drainage time,hospital day pulmonary infection between the two groups( all P ＞0.05 ). The cost of hospitalization was lower in VAMTS group compare to VATS group ( P ＜ 0.05). ConclusionVAMT in treatment of adolescent patients with primary spontaneous pneumothorax had the advantage of simple performance, reliable effectiveness, practical,lower cost of hospitalization fee.

Corynebacterium glutamicum SA001 is a mutant with lactate dehydrogenase (ldhA) deletion. In order to increase metabolic flux from isocitrate to succinate, and to improve the production of succinate under anaerobic conditions,we transducted the gene aceA coding isocitrate lyase (ICL) from Escherichia coli K12 into Corynebacterium glutamicum SA001 (SA001/pXMJ19-aceA). After 12 h aerobic induction by adding 0.8 mmol/L of IPTG, the recombinant strain was transferred to anaerobic fermentation for 16 h. Succinate reached 14.84 g/L, with a productivity of 0.83 g/(L x h). Compared to C. glutamicum SA001, the activity of ICL of the recombinant strain was increased 5.8-fold, and the succinate productivity was increased 48%. Overexpression of isocitrate lyase will increase the metabolic flux of glyoxylate bypass flowing to succinate.
Corynebacterium glutamicum ; genetics ; metabolism ; Escherichia coli ; enzymology ; genetics ; Gene Deletion ; Industrial Microbiology ; Isocitrate Lyase ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase ; genetics ; Succinic Acid ; metabolism ; Transduction, Genetic

Objective To understand the status of oipA gene of Helicobacter pylori (H.pylori) and to evaluate the relationship between oipA gene and digestive disease, Methods Biopsy gastric mucosa were obtained from 360 patients with digestive disease under gastroscopy. H.pylori was isolated from urease positive and some negative samples, and then identified by microscope, urease test and 16 S rRNA PCR. oipA and cagA genes of the isolates were amplified by PCR and the status of oipA signal region was analyzed after sequencing. The relationship between functional oipA gene of H. pylori and digestive disease was investigated. Results One hundred and six isolats were obtained. Seventy-two strains were positive for cagA gene and 87 were positive for oipA gene in signal region. Eighty strains were on open status in signal region called functioal oipA gene and 1 was on off status. The status of other 6 strains were uncertain. The frequency of functional oipA in ulcer and atrophic gastritis were higher than that of cagA(100% and 78.26% vs 58.33% and 39.13%).Conclusion Functional oipA gene is closely related with ulcer and atrophic gastritis.

Objective:To express Helicobacter pylori oipA gene with different fragments and determine the protein and its peptides with finest antigenicity.Methods:oipA gene was obtained from international standard Hp NCTC 11637 and cloned into vector pGEM-T then was identified by PCR and sequencing.Six different fragments of oipA gene were amplified by PCR with the template pGEM-T/oipA.The gene fragments and expressing vector pET-42a were ligated.The recombinant vector were transformed into BL-21.The correct recombinants were identified by PCR,enzyme digestion and sequencing.Recombination protein and the peptides were detected by Western Breeze chemiluminescent after induced by IPTG.Optimization of the time and IPTG concentration for induction were conducted.The expressed products were affinity purified by Ni-NTA of His?Bind.The antigenicity of the recombination protein was determined with Western blot indicated by goat anti-Hp polyclonal antibody,and the recombination protein with finest antigenicity was selected with indirect ELISA.Results:The six oipA gene fragments could all expressed and the products were recognized by goat-anti Hp polyclonal antibody.The finest peptide with antigenicity was the smallest peptide.Conclusion:OipA gene fragments could be expressed in prokaryotic system and the smallest peptide had the finest antigenicity.It may be used as the reagent to detect corresponding antibody in serum.

Objective To explore the improving way to repair the lower one-third of leg soft tissue defect transferred the adjacent flap with non-main vessel pedicle. Methods Analyzing 42 cases.using 4 kinds flaps with nonmain vessel pedicle.If it is fine the skin around soft tissue defect of the lower one-third shank,choosing adjacent adversed sural neurotaneous vascular flap or sapheenous nerve vascular flap.If the skin damaged,chosing gastrocnemius flap.If the soft tissue defect was large,combined adversed sural neurotaneous vascular flap with gastrocnemius flap.Osteomyelitis and peroneus previs musculocutaneous flaps were choosed for small soft tissue defect. Results All case observed 6 to 12 months,37 cases were survived completely,5 cases distal part necrsis partly,among them,2 cases transferred flap repaired;1 case musculocutaneous flap transferred, 2 cases after granulation tissue grown,skin grafted. Conclusion The flap transferred adjacent non-main vessel pedicle is the best way to repaire soft tissue defect of one-third lower leg.Different flap can fit with kinds of soft tissue defect.

Objective To observe the change of six cytokines in mice infected with Echinococcus multilocularis as part of the study on immunological mechanism in the infection. Methods Mice were infected by abdominal inoculation of echinococcus protoscoleces. The change of serum level of the cytokines IL-2、IFN-?、TNF-?、IL-4、 IL-5 and IL-10 was determined by ELISA during the infection which lasted for 260 d. Results Compared with uninfected control, the levels of the cytokines all significantly increased in the 260 d. The level of IL-2 reached a peak after 80 d post-infection (p.i.), then decreased quickly after 140 d p.i., High level of TNF-? was detected after 40 d, compared to uninfected control, reached a peak at 100 d p.i., and decreased quickly after 140 d. The level of IFN-? reached a peak after 80 d p.i., and decreased slowly after 140 d p.i., The levels of IL-4, IL-5 and IL-10 remained lower before 80 d, and increased sharply after 100 days. The levels of IL-4 and IL-10 reached peaks at 100 d p.i., and that of IL-5 at 140 d p.i. Conclusion The data suggest that the induction of Th2 antibody-mediated immunity (AMI) with a parallel expansion of Th1 cell-mediated inflammatory (CMI) responses are important mechanism of the host in defending against the metacestodes. Th1 CMI plays an important role at the early stage of infection, and Th2 AMI is important in the later stage of infection.

Objective To provide anatomical basis for lateral antebrachial neurocutaneous flap pedi-cled with inferior cubital artery perforator in repairing tissue defects around elbow joint. Methods Thirty embalmed upper limbs of adult cadavers perfused with red latex were used for this study, and followings were observed:①The course and distribution of lateral antebrachial cutaneous nerve; ②Anastomoses between inferior cubital artery and nutrient vessels of lateral antebrachial cutaneous nerve. Mimic operation was performed on other side of fresh specimen. Results ①The main trunk of lateral antebrachial cutaneous nerve (LACN) lined in the radial forearm and distributed in the 1/3 region of lateral forearm. ①The nutritional vessels of the flap were plurisegmental and polyphyletic. The inferior cubital artery which was relatively constant reached to skin through "V"-shaped peak formed by communicating branches of cephalic vein and deep venous system. They also gave off large number of small veins, which closely aligned with perineural branches and neural stem vascular chain of lateral antebrachial cutaneous nerve. Conclusion The lateral antebrachial neurocutaneos flap pedicled with inferior cubital artery perforator can be formed to repaire tissue defects around elbow joint.

AIM:To investigate morphologic and functional changes of small intestinal mucosa and proliferating cell nuclear antigen in postoperative portal hypertension patients with single or combined administration of Gln and rhGH.METHODS:Twenty-nine portal hypertension patients with surgical treatment were prospectively randomized to four groups as follows:① Gln group(n=6);② rhGH group(n=8);③ Gln+rhGH group(n=7)and ④ control group(n=8).A standard solution for TPN was given three days after operation for a week.The concentration ratio of urinary lactulose and mannitol(L/M),the villus height and crypt depth and PCNA index of small intestinal mucosa were compared.RESULTS:A week after TPN postoperation,the increased ratios of L/M in Gln+rhGH group were less than those in control group(P0.05).CONCLUSION:This study suggest that Gln together with rhGH reduce the intestinal permeability and protect the mucosa integrality in postoperative portal hypertension patients,but not in single treatment.