ive] To assess the diagnostic value of fiberbronchoscopy for right middle lobe syndrome (RMLS) and to explore the etiology of RMLS. [Methods] Fiberbronchoscopy was carried out in 42 casesof RMLS diagnosed by chest X-ray or CT. [Results] Patients with RMLS due to non-specific inflamma tion accounted for 57.1 % , lung cancer 26.2%and pulmonary tuberculosis 11.9%. Congestion, edema, stenosis, neoplasm, purulent secretion, and mucosa thickening were the main manifestations under fiber-bronchoscope. The diagnostic accordance rate of fiberbronchoscopy for lung cancer, non-specific inflam mation and pulmonary tuberculosis was 90.9% , 87.5% and 60% respectively. No significant differences of the incidences of non-specific inflammation and lung cancer were found in the teenage, the adult and the aged. [Conclusion] Fiberbronchoscopy is an important method of the diagnosis of RMLS. Lung can cer, non-specific inflammation and pulmonary tuberculosis are the common pathogenic factors of RMLS. Male cases over 40 should take fiberbronchoscopy to exclude the possibility of lung cancer.

Objective: To investigate the prevalence of scoliosis among primary and middle school students in Jiaxing City, Zhejiang Province, so as to provide insights into scoliosis control among children and adolescents. Methods: Grade 4 to 6 primary school students and grade 1 to 3 junior high school students were recruited using a stratified cluster sampling method in Jiaxing City in 2019. Participants' demographic characteristics, dietary habits and nutritional status, physical activity, learning environments, reading and writing habits were collected using questionnaires. Scoliosis was screened through general examinations, forward bend test and scoliometer, and scoliosis was diagnosed with whole-spine X-ray scans in an erect position. The prevalence of scoliosis was descriptively analyzed among primary and middle school students. Results: A total of 8 026 primary and middle school students were included, 7 304 valid questionnaires were recovered, with an effective recovery rate of 91.00%. The respondents included 3 667 primary school students (50.21%) and 3 637 junior high school students (49.79%), and included 3 776 boys (51.70%) and 3 528 girls (48.30%). There were 659 participants with initial screening positive for scoliosis (9.02%), and the percentages of positive initial screening of thoracic, thoracolumbar and lumbar scoliosis were 2.93%, 4.56% and 4.56%, respectively. A higher percentage of positive initial screening of scoliosis was diagnosed among participants living in Pinghu City (10.45%), junior high school students (11.74%), girls (11.96%), students with a medical history of anemia (22.44%), students with less than 3 days of moderate-intensity physical activity in the past week (9.46%), students with less than 3 days of walking duration of over 10 minutes in the past week (10.18%), students with daily sitting duration of 5 hours and more in the past week (10.74%), students with their class seats exchanged every semester or month (10.28%), students with daily reading and writing duration of 3 hours and more after school (10.93%) and students with less than 10 cm distance from the chest at reading or writing to the edge of the table (9.67%) (all P<0.05). A total of 218 students received whole-spine X-ray scans in an erect position, 132 participants were definitively diagnosed as scoliosis (60.55%), and the estimated prevalence of scoliosis was 5.46%. Conclusion The percentage of positive initial screening of scoliosis was 9.02% among primary and middle school students in Jiaxing City. Gender, stage of learning, nutritional status, exercise frequency and habits of reading and writing may be factors affecting the development of scoliosis.

Objective To investigate the expression and significance of Smad 7,Smurf 1 and Smurf 2 in basal cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma.Methods Biopsy specimens were resected from 14 patients with basal cell carcinoma,19 patients with squamous cell carcinoma and 30 normal controls.Quanti- tative real-time PCR and immunohistochemical techniques were utilized to assess the expression of Smad 7, Smurf 1 and Smurf 2 in these specimens.Results The gray scale for staining of Smad 7,Smurf 1 and Smurf 2 was 166.61?7.11,166.08?8.71,and 166.25?8.15 respectively in basal cell carcinoma,161.66?5.52,166.84?9.27,and 169.98?9.48 respectively in squamous cell carcinoma.The expression levels of Smad 7,Smurf 1 and Smurf 2 were all significantly increased in basal cell carcinoma and squamous cell car- cinoma in comparison with normal controls.Conclusions The over-expression of Smad 7,Smurf 1 and Smurf 2 may interfere with transforming growth factor?signaling transduction pathway through several links,therefore prevent the inhibitory effect of transforming growth factor?on epidermal proliferation,and accelerate the abnormal proliferation in above epidermal tumors.

OBJECTIVETo compare the changes of digestive and absorptive functions in three different models of Pi-deficiency syndrome (PDS).

METHODSExperimental mice were divided into four groups, the control group(CG), the rhubarb group (RG), the exhaustion group (EG) and the over-exertion group(OG). Criteria including general physical signs, D-xylose excretion rate, serum amylase activity, velocity of stomach emptying and enterokinesia, serum gastrin content and indexes of organs were determined before and after treatment.

RESULTSDecrease of D-xylose excretion rate and increase of stomach emptying and enterokinesia velocity appeared in all the three PDS models. As compared with CG, changes of all indices in OG were significant, while the decreasing of spleen index and serum amylase activity in EG, and the changes of serum gastrin content and thymus index in RG were insignificantly different.

CONCLUSIONAll the changes in various criteria showed that PDS mice model established by over-exertion was superior to that established by frequently used methods as purging with rhubarb and exhausting by swimming.

Animals ; Digestion ; physiology ; Disease Models, Animal ; Intestinal Absorption ; physiology ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred ICR ; Splenic Diseases ; Syndrome ; Xylose ; urine ; Yang Deficiency

Brain-computerinterface(BCI) is a kind of direct channel for information communication and control established between the human brain and computer or other electronic equipment.BCI is a novel information communication system which does not depend on the conventional brain information pathways.The asynchronous brain-computer interface technology is based on alpha wave control,and can automatically switch system mode between working and idle and select the larger EEG signal associated with motion imagination.In this paper,the basic knowledge of BCI and alpha wave-based asynchronous BCI technology were introduced.The key technology and application prospect of the novel alpha wave-based asynchronous BCI technology were summarized,and the status and existing problems were analyzed.

Objective To evaluate the benefits of perioperative fast-track surgery (FTS) program on clinical outcome in patients with gastric cancer. Methods Totally, 82 patients were randomly allocated into FTS group (n = 41; received perioperative FTS program) and control group (n = 41; received a conventional therapy). The postoperative first defecation time, postoperative hospital stay, hospitalization expenditure, and postoperative complications were compared between the two groups. Results The postoperative first defecation time and postoperative hospital stay were (45.58 ± 26.91 ) h and (9.4 ± 3. 3 ) d in FT3 group and (58.01 ± 23.5 ) h and ( 12. 4 ±3.6 )d in control group (P = 0. 0287 and P = 0. 0002, respectively). Hospitalization expenditure was significantly lower in FTS group than that in control group [(2. 96 ± 0.44 ) yuan vs. ( 3.46 ± 0. 34 ) × 104 yuan, P ＜ 0. 0001 ).The complication was not significantly different between the two groups (7.3% vs. 17.1% , P =0. 232). Conclusion Perioperative FTS program can accelerate postoperative rehabilitation, shorten hospital stay, and decrease medical costs in patients with gastric cancer.

Objective To evaluate the effects of different doses of dexmedetomidine on median effective end-tidal concentration of sevoflurane (EC50) inhibiting responses to tracheal intubation in pediatric patients.Methods Sixty-seven ASA physical status Ⅰ or Ⅱ patients,aged 3-8 yr,with body weight not exceeding 150％ of the ideal weight,scheduled for elective surgery under general anesthesia,were randomly divided into 3 groups using a random number table:control group (group C,n =22) and different doses of dexmedetomidine groups (group D1,n =23 ; group D2,n =22).Before induction of anesthesia,dexmedetomidine 1.0 and 2.0 μg/kg was infused intravenously over 10 min followed by infusion at a rate of 0.5 and 1.0 μg·kg-1 ·h-1 in D1 and D2 groups,respectively.Anesthesia was induced with inhalation of 5 ％ sevoflurane.After eyelash reflex disappeared,the end-tidal sevoflurane concentration was adjusted to achieve the target concentration and maintained at this level for 15 min.Tracheal intubation was then performed and the response to intubation was scored.The initial end-tidal sevoflurane concentration was 3.5％,2.5％ and 1.5％ in C,D1 and D2 groups,respectively.Up-and-down sequential trial was used to determine the EC50.Each time the concentration of sevoflurane increased/decreased in the next patient depending on whether or not the response to intubation was positive.The positive response to intubation was defined as intubation score ＞ 1.The ratio of concentrations between the two consecutive patients was 1.2.The EC50 and 95％ confidence interval of sevoflurane were calculated.The development of adverse cardiovascular events was recorded after dexmedetomidine administration.Results The adverse cardiovascular events were not observed in D1 group.The incidence of hypotension and brachycardia was 14％ and 9％ in D2 group.The EC50 (95％ confidence interval) of sevoflurane was 3.54％ (3.39％-3.69％),2.37％ (2.24％-2.46％) and 1.41 ％ (1.37％-1.46 ％) in C,D1 and D2 groups,respectively.Compared with group C,the EC50 of sevoflurane was significantly decreased in D1 and D2 groups (P ＜ 0.01).Compared with group D1,the EC50 of sevoflurane was significantly decreased in group D2 (P ＜ 0.01).Conclusion The optimum dose of dexmedetomidine is 1.0 μg/kg (loading dose) and 0.5 μg· kg-1 · h-1 (maintenance dose) when combined with sevoflurane for induction of anesthesia in pediatric patients.

AIM:To investigate the role of phospholipase C epsilon 1 ( PLCE1 ) in modulating the apoptotic mechanism in lung adenocarcinoma A 549 cells.METHODS:PLCE1 inhibitor U-73122 was used to suppress the expres-sion of PLCE1.The expression of PLCE1 and p53 in A549 cells was evaluated by quantitative real-time PCR and Western blotting.Apoptosis was assessed by flow cytometry .RESULTS:A549 cells expressed high level of PLCE1 and low level of p53.Inhibition of PLCE1 markedly increased the expression of p 53, and increased the apoptosis of A 549 cells.CON-CLUSION:PLCE1 suppresses apoptosis of A549 cells via inhibiting the expression of p53.

Adenocarcinoma ; genetics ; pathology ; surgery ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Biopsy ; methods ; Bronchoscopy ; Carcinoma, Large Cell ; genetics ; pathology ; surgery ; Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung ; genetics ; pathology ; surgery ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; genetics ; pathology ; surgery ; Female ; Gene Amplification ; Humans ; Lung Neoplasms ; genetics ; pathology ; surgery ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Polyploidy ; Receptor, Epidermal Growth Factor ; genetics ; Young Adult

Environmental Monitoring ; methods ; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry ; methods ; Humans ; Industry ; Volatile Organic Compounds ; analysis