Acetylglucosaminidase ; urine ; Adult ; Biomarkers ; urine ; Clinical Enzyme Tests ; Female ; Humans ; Insecticides ; poisoning ; Kidney Diseases ; chemically induced ; urine ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Organophosphate Poisoning ; Poisoning ; urine

Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Insecticides ; poisoning ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Organophosphate Poisoning ; Poisoning ; blood ; Serum Albumin ; analysis ; Serum Globulins ; analysis

Chronologicaol order of acupuncture,as one of the in uential factors of acupuncture therapeutic e ect,has been commonly ignored at present.This article is to explain the rationality and necessity of chronologicaol order of acupuncture through following aspects.One is based on TCM theory,such as the'branch'and the'root',gentleness and urgency,qi and blood,reinforcing de ciency and reducing excess.The other is ndings of modern clinical and experimental researches.

AIM: To discuss the fouling mechanism of 0.2 ?m Al_2O_3 ceramic membrane in the microfiltation of extraction of Qijudihuang Pills, and obtain the effective cleaning procotrol. METHODS: The extract of Qijudihuang Pills microfiltered and the distributions of filtration resistance were studied according to the Darcy-Poiseuille principle. The characteristic of the surface and section of the polluted membrane were analysed by SEM also. RESULTS: ① For the main body, the filtration resistance was mainly decided by the deposit resistance, the membrane itself and the concentration polarization resistance were less important, and the pore blocking resistance was minimum. Moreover, this result was proved by the analysis of SEM. ② The effective four-step cleaning procotrol, which could almost recover original membrane flux, was achieved by three cleaner, including ultrasound, NaOH solution and HCl solution. CONCLUSION: Based on the different fouling mechanism,the appropriate cleaning procotrol can be obtained. This provides great significance for the application of the industrialized manufacture.

AIM: To discuss the fouling mechanism in 0.2 ?m Al_2O_3 commie membrane microfiltation of Tangkeqmg Compound water extract. METHODS: The total filtration resistance and its distribution were used as indexes to study the effect of pore size and materials of ceramic membrane on membrane fouling in clarification. SEM (scanning electronic microgragh) technology was used to study the microstructure of surface and section of new membrane and contammted membrane and physica and chemical examination were done on the fouling substances on the membrane surface. RESULTS: The pore size and materials of membrane affected the total filtration resistance and its distribution in clarification. The results of filtration resistance dislribution and SEM suggested that the fouling of 0.2 ?m Al_2O_3 membrane mainly lied on the surface. The contaminations on membrane surface were mostly the substances holding function groups, such as C=O, CO-NH and C-O-C. According to volume percentage, the semidiameter of contaminations on the membrane was mostly around 23.738 ?m. However, according to quantity percentage, the semidiameter of contaminations on the membrane was mostly around 0.521 ?m. CONCLUSION: Study on the fouling mechanism of the membrane is of great significance for looking for the effective measures for relieving the downward trend of the membrane flux and for the appropriate membrane cleaning in the clarification of Tangkeqing Compound extract using 0.2 ?m Al_2O_3 ceramic membrane.

Objective To study the distribution of filtration resistance in AL2O3(0.2 ?m) ceramic membrane microfiltration of Tangkeqing water extract,obtain the effective membrane cleaning methods,and enrich the theory of ceramic membrane cleaning technology.Methods The filtration resistance and its distribution were got with the filtration model of the Darcy-Poiseuille principle which was modified by M.MDa-Cin,etc.Meanwhile,The microstructure of fouled membrane surface and cross-section was analyzed by SEM.Results The main parts of filtration resistance lay in deposit layer and concentration polarization layer with the ratio of 52.5% and 34.4%,respectively.However,the membrane itself and the pore blocking were in the fewer ratios of 8.8% and 4.3%,respectively.The result was in accordance with that of SEM.The fouled AL2O3 membrane was cleaned with low-pressure tap water and ultrasonic wave successirely.Conclusion The appropriate cleaning means are chosen based on the filtration resistance,which can provide good instructions for the industrialized production.

Acute Disease ; Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Lipoprotein(a) ; blood ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Organophosphate Poisoning ; Young Adult

Objective To discusse the fouling mechanism of 0.2 ?m Al_2O_3 ceramic membrane in the microfiltration of Qiju Dihuang Pill aqueous extract. Methods Qiju Dihuang Pill aqueous extract was microfiltered in this experiment. The distributions of filtration resistance were studied according to the Darcy-Poiseuille principle. The substance of deposit on the membrane surface was analysed by Fourior transform infra-red spectrum and particle diameter analysis. The characteristic of the surface and cross section of the polluted membrane was observed by SEM. Results The filtration resistance was mainly concentrated on the surface of deposit resistance, the membrane itself and the concentration polarization resistance were less important, and the pore blocking resistance was the least important. Moreover, this result was proved by SEM analysis. The molecule of the fouling substance mainly contained peptid, carbonyl, and hydroxy bonds by IR. The particle size distribution of the deposit substance on the polluted membrane surface: The particle radius taking a larger percentage in volume concentrated in 18.267 ?m around, while the particle radius taking a larger percentage in quantity concentrated in 0.424 ?m around. Conclusion Study on the fouling mechanism of the membrane in the microfiltration provides a great significant guidance for exploring the effective measure of relieving the reduced membrane flux and the appropriate cleaning procotrol.

Objective To discuss the fouling mechanism of ceramic membrane in the microfiltation of extract of Qijudihuang Wan and obtain the effective cleaning method. Method The extract of Qijudihuang Wan was microfilted in this experiment, and the distributions of filtration resistance were studied according to the Darcy-Poiseuille principle. The characteristic of the surface and section of the polluted membrane was analysed by SEM also. Result ①For the main body, the filtration resistance is mainly decided by the deposit resistance, the membrane itself and the concentration polarization resistance are less important, and the pore blocking resistance is least important. Moreover, this result is proved by the analysis of SEM. ②The effective four-step cleaning procotrol, which can almost recover original membrane flux, is achieved by three cleaner, including ultrasound, NaOH solution and HCl solution. Conclusion Based on the different fouling mechanism, the appropriate cleaning method can be obtained. This provides great significance for the application of the industrialized manufacture.

Objective To discuss role of double intramedullary nail in the treatment of floating knee injuries under minimally invasive surgery.Methods From July 2006 to July 2010,23 patients with floating knee injuries ( Fraser type Ⅰ ) were fixed with tibial intramedullary nail and femoral retrograde intramedullary nail assisted by minimally invasive method such as portable bracket,AO large distractor and Schanz screw.The postoperative continuous passive motion (CPM) was performed for functional exercises of the knee.Results The operation lasted for average 95 minutes ( range,70-160 minutes),with average blood loss of 260 ml ( range,100-600 ml).All patients were followed up for average 11 months (range,7-35 months).According to assessment systems of Karlstrom and Olerud,the clinical results were excellent in 17 patients,good in 4 and fair in 2,with excellence rate of 91％.Conclusions Combined with the methods of portable bracket of lower limb,AO large distractor and Schanz screw,the intramedullary nail is much convenient and minimally invasive for the floating knee injuries.