Objective: To observe the effects of pentazocine on emergence agitation.Methods: Totally 60 patients with scheduled upper limb operation with general anesthesia were randomly divided into two groups (n =30).Group Ⅰ was given pentazocine 0.25 mg·kg-1 (diluted to 10ml) and group Ⅱ was treated with 0.9% sodium chloride (10 ml) and both were with slow intravenous injection above 3 min before the surgical stitching.BP and HR were recorded and compared before the induction (T 0), before the extubation (T 1) ,at the extubation (T 2), and 5, 10 and in 15 minutes after the extubation (T 3 , T 4 and T 5).The time of recovery, time of extubation and agitation scores in 15 min after the extubation were recorded and compared, and nausea and vomiting were observed as well in both groups.Results: Compared with those in group Ⅰ, HR and BP in group Ⅱ were significantly higher (P＜0.05) at T 3 , T 4 and T 5.There were no significant differences in the breathing recovery time and awakening time between the groups (P＞0.05).The restlessness score in group Ⅰ was significantly lower than that in groupⅡ (P＜0.05).The incidence and degree of postoperative nausea and vomiting in groupⅠ were significantly higher than those in group Ⅱ (P＜0.05).Conclusion: Pentazocine (0.25 mg·kg-1) given before stitching can maintain stable circulation, reduce emergence agitation and protect the safety of patients.

Adolescent ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Mucopolysaccharidosis II ; genetics ; Pedigree

China ; Digestive System Surgical Procedures ; Humans ; Physicians ; Science

To investigate the changes of immunological function of LAK,NK cell activity and T lymphoctyes subsets before and after operation in patients with hepatic cancer.The activity of Lymphokine-activated Killer Cell (LAK|,Natural Killer Cell(NK) and T lymphocytes subsets were detected in 31 patients with hepatic cancer of preoperation and postoperation,so did the 30 normal volunteers(as control group).The results showed that the activities of LAK,NK cell and T lymphocytes subsets of CD3,CD4 and the ratio of CD4/CD8 in patients with hepatic cancer were lower than that in normal control group(P

Nomegestrol acetate, 19-norprogesterone de ri vatives, has been used for oral contraception. Recently, studies showed that nom egestrol was a selective estrogen enzyme modulator (SEEM). Nomegestrol is capabl e of inhibiting estrone sulfatase and 17-beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (17 beta-HSD) and increasing the activity of sulfotransferase,which will provide a new option in the treatment of breast cancer. In addition, nomegestrol has stro ng reversal effects on multidrug resistance in breast cancer cells. In vitro, nomegestrol also exhibits as an inhibitor on endometrial proliferation in uter us. These advances will be introduced in the present review.

Objective To compare the reproducibility and reliability of facial soft tissue landmarks using a direct and an indirect placement methods in facial three-dimensional (3D) soft tissue assessment.Methods 3D coordinates of 37 soft tissue landmarks were obtained respectively in 35 normal healthy volunteers from 3D optical capture system and Materialise's interactive medical image control system (Mimics).Landmarks were affixed on the cutaneous surface (direct method) and marked on the 3D reconstructed craniofacial model (indirect method).Intra-class correlation coefficients (ICCs) and paired t-tests were used to compare the reliability and reproducibility of facial landmarks between two placement methods.Results For the direct placement method,86.5 ％ landmarks had an ICC higher than 0.75.For the indirect placement method,75.7％ landmarks had an ICC higher than 0.75.The inter-observer variability using the direct placement method was (1.259±0.566) mm,which was significantly smaller (P＜0.05) than (1.420±0.638) mm obtained by the indirect placement method.Conclusions Compared with indirect method,direct method has higher reliability and reproducibility in evaluating facial soft tissue.

Objective To analyze the clinical and immunological manifestations of antiphospholipid syndrome(APS)in a cohort of 100 patients.Methods The clinical and serologic features of APS(Sapporo preliminary criteria)in 100 patients were analyzed retrospectively.Results The cohort consisted of 79 female patients and 21 male patients witb a mean age of 36?13 years at diagnosis.Primary APS was presented in 37% of patients;APS was secondary to systemic lupus erythematosus(SLE)in 46%,lupus-like syndrome in 14%. Eighty percent of the patients had thrombosis,43(54%)patients had venous thrombosis,18(22%)had arterial thrombosis,15(19%)had both arterial and venous thrombosis.4(5%)had thrombosis of microcirculation. Forty-two(52%)patients presented thrombosis at a single site,26(32%)at two sites,12(15%)at three or more sites.Forty-five(56%)patients experienced one thrombotic episode,20(25%)patients had only one re- currence,and 15(19%)had more thrombosis.The most common manifestations of thrombosis were deep vein thrombosis(36%),pulmonary embolism(30%)and stroke(26%),with heart,kidney,gastrointestinal tract and other organs involvements.Thirty-four(51%)female patients had spontaneous fetal losses including intrauter- ine fetus death and recurrent spontaneous abortion.Seventy-one(71%)patients developed thromboeytopenia. The presence of antieardiolipin antibody(ACL)was detected in 84 patients(84%).Among 90 patients with APS,alone ACL was detected in 38 patients(42%),both ACL and lupus anticoagulant(LA)were detected in 36(40%),LA alone in 16(18%).Patients with APS associated with SLE or lupus-like syndrome had higher frequency of arthritis,leukopenia,antinuclear antibodies(ANA)and low complement levels.Female patients had a higher frequency of leukopenia,ANA and ACL.Male patients had a higher prevalence of deep venous thrombosis in the lower limbs and LA.Conclusion APS is an autoimmune disorder characterized by recurrent arterial and venous thrombosis,fetal loss,or thrombocytopenia with the presence of ACL and/or LA.In APS secondary to with SLE,the patient's sex can modify the disease expression and define specific subsets of APS.

ObjectiveTo investigate the endoscopic and clinical characteristics of gastrointestinal Behcet's disease (BD). MethodsWe analyzed the clinical and follow-up data of 27 patients with gastrointestinal BD retrospectively.Results Most common locations involved were esophagus and ileocecum,74. 1％ (20/27) and 59. 3％ (16/27), respectively. The most common parenteral symptoms were oral ulcers (85.2％), genital ulcers (25.9％), ophthalmitis (7. 4％ ) and skin damage (7. 4％ ). The most common gastrointestinal symptom was chest pain (48. 1％, 13/27). Ulcer was the basic endoscopic feature,most of which were with uneven bottom and peripheral inflammatory response. There was no difference in endoscopic features between typical BD and atypical BD. Pathology showed typical small vasculitis (44. 4％,12/27). ConclusionClinical manifestations of intestinal BD vary. Symptoms are not necessarily consistent with the involved locations. A small number of patients with BD present with gastrointestinal symptoms as the first and only symptom, with serious complications in some patients. Physicians need to be fully aware of the disease.

Objective To establish an HPLC method for determination of simvastatin and its related substances.Methods The HPLC system consisted Luna C18 column(250mm×4.6mm,5μm),the mobile phase was 0.025mol/L sodium phosphate monobasic(pH 4.5):acetonitrile(35:65).The flow rate wns 1.0ml/min,and with detection 238nm.The column temperature was room temperature;injeetion volume WaS 20μl.Results SimvaStatin and its related substances can be completely separated by the method with a linear range of 2～200μg/ml.Calibration culwe was linear over the range of Y=3.256C×103+4.510×102(r=0.9996);for potency assay the mean recovery rate was 99.32% with RSD as 0.31%(n=9).Conclusion The method has good reproducibility,high accuracy and strong specificity.It was suitable for determination of simvastatin and its related substances.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of microwave polymerization and water-bath heat polymerization on accuracy and flexural strength of denture base resin. METHODS: Ten maxillary complete dentures were prepared and divided into microwave polymerization and water-bath heat polymerization groups according to random number table, with 5 dentures in each group. In the microwave polymerization group, the dentures were heated for 9 minutes with 40% firepower, natural cooled, the pressure of flasking at 4.5 kg/mm~2. In the water-bath heat polymerization group, the temperature increased from room to 70℃, sustained for 1.5 hours, then rise to 100℃ for 0.5 hour. The dentures were maintained at 25℃ thermostatic water bath for a week. The denture base, as well as standard cast was cut down at posterior border of the second molar. Dimensional accuracy between the posterior border of upper complete denture and standardized cast at five different positions was measured by digital microscope. Specimens with 64 mm× 10 mm×2.5 mm were made for measuring flexural strength.RESULTS: ①The posterior border gaps between the upper complete denture and standardized cast was (141±78) urn and (147±74) μm cured by microwave polymerization and water-bath heat polymerization, which has no statistical difference. The flexural strength of denture base resin cured by the microwave polymerization and water-bath heat polymerization was (81.60±14.04) MPa and (84.24±17.65) MPa, and there was no statistical difference (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION: There is no significantly difference in the accuracy and flexural strength cured by microwave polymerization and by water-bath heat polymerization, but the microwave polymerization takes shorter time than that by water-bath heat polymerization.