Background and purpose:Matrix metalloproteinase11(MMP-11)is an interesting member of the MMP family,and its overexpression has been demonstrated in human cancers such as non-small cell lung cancer and oesophageal adenocarcinoma.Furthermore,strong MMP11 gene expression is correlated with both increased aggressiveness of tumors and a poor clinical outcome,but there was no related reports on gastric cancer.We focussed our study on the significance of MMP-11 expression in gastric cancer.Methods:MMP-11 was selected and confirmed at both mRNA and protein level in 130 cases of gastric cancer serum specimen by RT-PCR,enzyme-linked-immuno-sorbent-assay(ELISA)techniques,respectively.Results:The total positive rates of serum MMP-11 mRNA in gastric cancer and healthy people were 68.4% and 5%,respectively.Our data demonstrated that MMP-11 protein levels in gastric cancer were(44?27)ng/ml,significantly higher than those in control subjects(P=0.001).MMP-11 protein levels in 30 cases with recurrence were(51?27)ng/ml and(27?28)ng/ml in 30 patients without recurrence.MMP-11mRNA positive expression was consistent with MMP-11 protein levels in gastric cancer patients.Conclusions:Serum MMP-11 may play an important role as a biomarker in diagnosis and prediction of recurrent gastric cancer.

Objective To study the changes of PI3K/Akt/GSK3β signaling pathway during resuscitation with neck cooling in order to explore the relationship between the protective effect of neck cooling and the phosphorylation of PI3K/Akt and GSK3β.Methods Thirty rabbits were randomly(random number) divided into five groups, and models of cadiac arrest were induced by ventricular fibrillation(VF, the positive electrode in the right ventricle and negative pole on the apex of heart) for 4 min.In sham group,a electrode was placed into right ventricle without electric current conducted, and CA was not induced.The rabbits were sacrificed and specimens were taken at 24 hours after modeling.In normothermia treat group(NT group),resuscitation was carried out to restoration of spontaneous circulation(ROSC),and the rabbits were sacrificed and specimens were taken at 24 hours after modeling.In intra-arrest therapeutic hypothermia group (IATH group), rapid neck cooling was initiated at the same time with CPR,and the target brain temperature was set at 34 ℃ maintained for 4 hours after ROSC.Rabbits were sacrificed and specimens were taken at 24 hours after modeling.In recovery period cooling + LY294002 group(PATH+LY294002 group), LY294002 was injected intra-ventricularly at 20 minutes before resuscitation.Rapid neck cooling was started at the same time with CPR,and the target brain temperature was set at 34 ℃ maintained for 4 hours after ROSC.The rabbits were sacrificed and specimens were taken at 24 hours after modeling.In post-arrest therapeutic hypothermia group (PATH group), rapid neck cooling was begun after CPR for 1 hour,and the target brain temperature was set at 34 ℃ maintained for 4 hours after ROSC.The rabbits were sacrificed and specimens were taken at 24 hours after modeling.Animals were sacrificed by using overdose anesthetic drug.Western blot was used to detect the level of Akt p-Akt GSK-3β p-GSK-3β (ser9) protein, and TUNEL was used to observe apoptosis of tissues in each group.Multiple comparisons were performed with one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA).Results Compared with Sham group, Akt (Thr-308) phosphorylation (P-AKT) and P-GSK-3β levels in the brain neuron cytoplasm in 24 hours after CPR resuscitation in NT group was significantly reduced, and showed a gradual reduction trend (P<0.05);the P-AKT and P-GSK-3β levels in the brain neuron cytoplasm in 24 hours after CPR resuscitation in IATH group were significantly enhanced compared with NT group (P<0.05);the levels of these two kinds of protein at one hour after resuscitation in PATH group were significantly enhanced compared with NT group (P<0.05), but lower in IATH group.Intra-ventricularly injection of LY294002 made the effect of hypothermia lost, indicating that LY294002 inhibited the phosphorylation of Akt.Apoptosis cells were significantly reduced in IATH group and normothermia theatment group compared with PATH group and LY294002 group(P<0.05).Conclusions Neck cooling can reduce apoptosis in rabbit brain cells after recovery, and the protective effect on brain is best in intra-arrest therapeutic hypothermia group.LY294002 specifically block the PI3K/Akt pathway, and the protective effect of cooling on the brain can be abolished,indicating hypothermia protects the neurological function via activation of PI3K/Akt pathway.Neck cooling protects the neurological function by activating PI3K/Akt/GSK-3β, promoting the Akt activation, and increasing the expression of P-GSK3β.Specific Akt inhibitor LY294002 inhibits Akt phosphorylation of brain tissue recovery and further inhibit the phosphorylation of GSK-3β, thus abolishing protective effect of cooling on neurological function.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy in treatment with transurethral electrocision for prostatic cyst.Methods A total clinical documents of 15 cases prostatic cyst treated with transurethral electrocision were analyzed retrospectively.All the cases were diagnosed confirmly by ultrasonography and CT,all the cysts closed to the prostatic urethra or intrude urinary bladder and all the patients underwent transurethral electrocision.Results All operations were performed successfully with operative time of 18-60 (36 ± 13) min.No blood transfusion during and after the operation and postoperative hospital stay was (5.2 ± 2.6) d.All the patients had been followed up for 6-24 months,the clinic symptom disappeared and no complications happened.Three months after the operation,IPSS decreased from (27.2 ±5.6) scores to (7.5 ± 1.6) scores and QOL decreased from (4.5 ± 1.1 ) scores to ( 1.6 ± 0.6) scores (P＜ 0.01 ),respectively.Qmax increased from (6.8 ±2.3) ml/s to (22.4 ±4.8) ml/s (P ＜0.01).Conclusion Transurethral electrocision is an effective therapeutic measure of prostatic cyst close to the prostatic urethra or intrude urinary bladder without so many complications.

Objective To screen for Kaposi sarcoma (KS)-related genes. Methods Tissue samples were obtained from the lesion and normal skin of a patient with KS in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region,and total RNA was extracted from these samples and reverse transcribed into cDNA. Real-time fluorescent quantitative reverse transcription PCR (RT-qPCR) was performed to determine the expression of K8.1, K2 and ORF50 in these samples. The cDNA was labeled with fluorescein and hybridized to a human 35K genome array containing 25 100 genes. Subsequently, the signal images were scanned by a laser scanner and acquired images were analyzed by software. Results RT-qPCR revealed the mRNA expression of K8.1, K2 and ORF50 in the KS tissues but not in the normal skin tissues, indicating that there was no crossed contamination in these specimens. Among the 25 100 genes, 1313 genes were identified to be differentially expressed between KS and normal skin tissues, including 756 up-regulated genes and 557 down-regulated genes. These differentially expressed genes, such as myeloid cell leukemia-1 gene (MCI-1), annexins (ANX) and serine proteinase inhibitor Kazal type 5 (SPINK5), were associated with apoptosis, angiogenesis, cell signaling, protein processing, cell cycle regulation, and so on. Conclusion The differentially expressed genes such as MCI-1 and SPINK5 may be associated with the development of KS.

OBJECTIVE To explore the correlation between hands pollution and nosocomial infection,and to raise measures to keep hand hygiene.METHODS To evaluate the condition of hand pollution and hand washing,the relationship between hands pollution and nosocomial infection,and measures to improve hand hygiene.RESULTS Most nosocomial infections were transmitted by the hands pollution,bacteria of which were thought to be the main microbial population of nosocomial infection.Handwashing was considered to be the most important intervention to prevent nosocomial infections.However,the present studies indicated that there was not enough handwashing practice among the medical personnel,lacking the consciousness of the importance of hand cleaning,misunderstanding the standard hand cleaning steps,like the length of washing time and the choose of hand disinfectant,and inadequately providing the hospital condition for cleaning work,all these played an important role in declining the efficiency of hand disinfection in hospital.Medical workers could achieve their goal through the improving of the above aspects of work.CONCLUSIONS Hands pollution is closely related to nosocomial infection.Handwashing can reduce nosocomial infections.

Background/Aims: The efficacy and safety of anti-reflux mucosectomy (ARMS) or radiofrequency energy delivery in the treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) have been reported, but the difference between the 2 remains unclear. Methods: This was a single center, randomized, comparative clinical study. Patients with symptoms of heartburn and/or regurgitation despite proton pump inhibitor treatment were randomly assigned to either ARMS group (n = 20) or radiofrequency group (n = 20).Primary outcome was the standardized GERD questionnaire (GERDQ) at 2 years after the procedures. Secondary outcomes were the proportions of patients with complete proton pump inhibitor (PPI) cessation and patients satisfied with the treatment. Results: A total of 18 patients randomized to ARMS and 16 to radiofrequency were analyzed in this study. The operation success rate of the 2 groups was 100%. In both ARMS and radiofrequency groups, GERDQ scores at 2 years after the procedures were significantly lower than that before operation (P = 0.044 and P = 0.046). At 2 years postoperatively, the scores of GERDQ did not differ between the 2 groups (P = 0.755). There was no significant difference in the rate of discontinuation of PPIs and patient satisfaction in the ARMS and radiofrequency groups (P = 0.642 and P = 0.934). Conclusions The clinical efficacy of ARMS and radiofrequency for the PPI-refractory GERD is equivalent. ARMS, the efficacy of which could be maintained for at least 2 years, is promising endoscopic management for the treatment of refractory GERD.

Objective To study the level of serum lipids and body-fat content of high-fat diet induced pbesity rats(DIO).explore the relationship between intracellular caleium and ventrieufar arrhythmia.Methods Sixty male Sprague-Dawley(SD)rats were divided into control group(15)and experiment group(45),high-fat diet was administrated for 12 weeks to established obesity model,15 rats were selected into obesity group according to their body weight gain.The standard 2-lead electrocardiograph was used to detect the incidence and scores of arrhythmia induced by barium chloride(BaCl2,0.1 mg/kg)for 1 hour on every 8 rats from different groups respectively.Body-fat content.the level of serum total cholesterol(TC),triglyceride(TG),low density lipopmtein cholesterol (LDL-C) and high density lipopmtein cholesterol (HDL-C)were measured.The epididymal(EP),retroperitoneal (RE) and mesenteric(ME)white adipose pads was measured to obtain the body fat content.Single ventricular myrocytes of rats were isolated by enzymatic dissociation.The confocal laser scanning microscope was used to record basic intraceUular calcium level([Ca2+]i).Results The body-fat content in obesity group[(7.71±0.74)%] was significantly higher than control group[(4.69±0.37)%](t＝3.650,P＜0.05).The level of serum TC,TGand LDL-C were significantly higher(t＝3.801,2.778,3.536.P＜0.05) in obesity group[(1.26±0.04),(0.58±0.10),(0.51±0.04)mmol/L]than those in control group[(0.92±0.08),(0.29+0.03),(0.31±0.04) mmol/L].The level of serum HDL-C wa8 decreased gradually from control group[(0.53±0.05)mmol/L] toobesity group[(0.52±0.02)mmol/L],but there waft no significant difference between them(t＝0.186,P＞0.05).The incidence of arrhythmia induced by BaCl2(0.1 mg/kg)in obesity group was significantly higher than controlgroup(X2＝5.333,P＜0.05),and the scores of arrhythmla was increased in obesity group(2.5±0.6)too.The fluorescence intensity standing for[Ca2+]i was increased significantly(t＝2.409,P＜0.05)from obesity group(247.96±20.03)to control group (174.25±23.13).Conclusion As the free cytosolic calcium begin to accumulate,the arrhythmia morbidity is increased in obesity rats.

OBJECTIVETo reveal the relationship between the storage time of the bark of Magnolia officinalis and the content of phenols in it, and lay a theoretical foundation for the harvest, processing, management and storage.

METHODThe contents of magnolol and honokoiol in 15 bark samples, collected from the main producing areas in China, were determined in the time of freshly harvest and 3 and 10 years after respectively by HPLC method.

RESULTIt showed that within a certain period of time, bark storage was favorable to conversion and accumulation of phenols, that the content of magnolol tended to increase from year 0 to year 3, then followed by slight decrease with years on account of volatilization of phenols, but was still higher when the bark was stored for 10 years than that that when the bark was freshly harvested, and the content of honokoiol still tended to increase when the bark had been stored for 10 years.

CONCLUSIONThe phenols in bark of M. officinalis is quite stable and the bark can be stored for 10 years or longer.

Biphenyl Compounds ; analysis ; Drug Storage ; methods ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; Lignans ; analysis ; Magnolia ; chemistry ; Plant Bark ; chemistry ; Time Factors

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effects of Liuwei Dihuang (LWDH) decoction on serotonine (5-HTs), melatonin and the activity of the rate-limiting enzymes ANNAT and HIOMT in cultured human melanocytes and in melanocytes co-cultured with keratinocytes.

METHODSCCK-8 assay was used to assess the proliferation of melanocytes and melanocytes co-cultured with keratinocytes after treatment with the serum from rabbits fed with LWDH decoction. High-performance liquid chromatography was used to determine 5-HT and melatonin contents, and real-time fluorescent PCR was employed to evaluate the ANNAT and HIOMT activities in the cell cultures.

RESULTSThe serum from rabbits fed with LWDH Decoction at low doses did not affect the proliferation of melanocytes co-cultured with keratinocytes, but at the concentrations of 20%-40%, the serum significantly inhibited the proliferation of melanocytes, and the effect was optimal with a concentration of 40% (P<0.05). 5-HT and melatonin contents in the cell culture decreased as the serum concentration increased (P<0.05), which was the most obvious with a serum concentration of 40% (P<0.01). Exposure of the cells to low and moderate doses of the serum caused a dose-dependent decrease in AANAT activity (P<0.05), but the serum produced no significant changes in the level of HIOMT mRNA expression in the cells.

COUCLUSIONSThe serotoninergic/melatoninergic system mediate the regulation of melanin metabolism by LWDH Decoction, the mechanism of which may involve 5-HTs, melatonin and ANNAT.

Animals ; Cells, Cultured ; Coculture Techniques ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Humans ; Keratinocytes ; Melanins ; metabolism ; Melanocytes ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Melatonin ; metabolism ; Rabbits ; Serotonin ; metabolism ; Serum ; chemistry

Objective To study the genotypes of Mycobacterium tuberculosis(M.tuberculosis)strains isolated from Jiangsu province and to explore the relationship between the 'Beijing family' and the drug resistance of M.tuberculosis.Methods Two hundred and sixty M.tuberculosis strains were isolated from 30 drug surveillance sites in Jiangsu province.Susceptibility of the isolates to the first-line antituberculosis drugs(isoniazid,streptomycin,rifampicin and ethambutol)was tested by using the proportion method.Molecular typing of M.tuberculosis strains was determined by Spoligotyping and analyzed with BioNumerics software.Results Based on Spoligotyping fingerprint,260 strains showed 34 different genotypes,including 27 exclusive genotypes and 7 shared genotypes.These strains could be clustered into two groups:the Beijing family(80.4％,209/260)and the Non-Beijing family(19.6％,51/260).Data from logistic regression analysis revealed that infection by the Beijing family was related to an increased risk of multi-drug resistant M.tuberculosis,with the OR(95％ CI)of 11.07(1.45-84.50).Non-Beijing families including T1,T2,H3,H4,CAS,LAM,U and MANU2 families were also found.Among them,the CAS,LAM and MANU2 families were first reported in Jiangsu province.Conclusion It was revealed that the marked gene polymorphisms did exist in M.tuberculosis strains.The Beijing family had been the predominant strain circulating in Jiangsu province,which might be related to multi-drug resistant M.tuberculosis strains.