The stability of pharmaceutical preparations prepared Chinese medicine liposomes by liposome novel technology combined with traditional Chinese herbs is the main contents of quality study, not only affects preparations molding, but also relates to the efficiency and safety of traditional Chinese medicine. From the view of main influencing factors of stability about the Chinese medicine liposomes and combining with literatures published in home and abroad in recent years, the article analyzes, arranges and sums up measures of improving the stability of Chinese medicine liposomes, to provide reference for the study on the preparation of Chinese medicine liposomes.
Drug Combinations ; Drug Compounding ; Drug Stability ; Drug Storage ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Liposomes ; chemistry ; Nanoparticles ; Particle Size ; Quality Control ; Technology, Pharmaceutical ; methods

Objective To explore the pathologic changes in the brain areas corresponding to specific cognitive function and underlying mechanism of cognitive impairment in patients with epilepsy by DTI study.Methods Forty-four Patients and 20 control subjects received the test of Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale and the Diffusion-Tensor Imaging examination.Mean diffusivity (MD) and fractional anisotropy (FA) in the normal appearing white matter of interested area were measured.T test was employed to compare the MD and FA between patients and healthy controls,patients with normal and impaired FIQ respectively.The relationships between FIQ and DTI value were analyzed by Bivariate correlations.Results VIQ (100.52?17.63),PIQ (95.10?16.72) and FIQ (98.19?17.76) of the patients with epilepsy were significantly lower than those of health controls (VIQ,PIQ and FIQ were 109.77?13.54,108.11? 12.17 and 109.81?10.57,respectively).Significant reduction of FA in both side of posterior limb of internal capsule (P

Objective To analyze the characteristics,electroencephalographic(EEG)features,neuroimaging findings,therapeutic effects and prognoses of 114 cases of idiopathic nocturnal frontal lobe epilepsy (NFLE). Methods The clinical data of 114 patients with idiopathic NHLE admitted in the epilepsy outpatient department from June,1999 to January,2007 were collected and analyzed. Results Idiopathic NFLE was clinically characterized by nocturnal clustered,postural or dystonic seizures and complex motor activities.The interictal routine EEG in 22.9% and dynamic EEG in 28% of the cases in wakefuIness and the interictal dynamic EEG in 38% of tbe cases in sleep showed frontal lobe epileptiform discharge,which was found in the EEG during seizure attacks in66.7% of the cases.Drug therapy was effeclive in 79.8% of the cases.with 29.7% of the cases showing complete seizure control. Conclusions Idiopathic NFLE has distinct clinical features wim relatively low rate of EEG abnormality during seizure attack or the interictal period.Frontal lobe epilepsy is more likely to occur in sleep,and sleep EEG is therefore of much importance in the diagnosis of idiopathic NFLE.

No abstract available.
Humans ; Mucinoses

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the effects of mechanical ventilation on pulmonary function during short duration of general anesthesia with tracheal intubation, and assess the safety of controlled spontaneous respiration during general anesthesia.

METHODSFifty-three adult patients (aged 18-55 years, ASA physical status I-II) scheduled for elective unilateral tympanoplasty were randomly assigned into mechanical ventilation group (group M, n=28) and spontaneous respiration group (group S, n=25). Anesthesia induction was performed in group M with intravenous propofol (2 mg/kg), fentanyl (3 microg

RESULTSA total of 43 patients (group M, n=23; group S, n=20) were included in the study with 10 dropouts due to failed attempt to obtain arterial blood samples (8 patients) or severe bucking during intubation (2 patients). No significant differences were found in HR and MAP between the two groups (P>0.05). The pH and SpO(2) [ (97.9-/+1.00)% at the lowest] and PaO(2) in group S were significantly lower and the PaCO(2) was higher than those in group M (P<0.05). In group S, the pH values were 7.274-/+0.025 and 7.331-/+0.039, PaCO(2) values were 60-/+6 and 53-/+5 mmHg, and PETCO(2) values were 53-/+ 6 and 48-/+7 mmHg, and the PaO(2) values were 143-/+37 and 165-/+49 mmHg immediately and 150 min after the intubation, respectively. These values were considered safe under the concept of permissive hypercapnia. No significant differences were found in the P(A-a)DO(2), RI, VD/VT and TFC between or within the two groups (P>0.05), nor were moving, bucking, swallowing and awareness recorded during the surgical procedures.

CONCLUSIONIn essentially normal lungs, short-term mechanical ventilation during general anesthesia with tracheal intubation does not damage the lung functions, and spontaneous respiration can offer sufficient oxygen supply without causing harmful carbon dioxide retention.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Anesthesia, General ; methods ; Female ; Humans ; Intubation, Intratracheal ; Lung ; physiology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Respiration ; Respiration, Artificial ; methods ; Tympanoplasty ; methods ; Young Adult

【Objective】The aim of this study was to investigate the proportion of dominant follicles（PDF）on HCG day in young and aged women.【Methods】In total，3 064 cycles of GnRH agonist long protocol and 918 cycles of GnRH antagonist protocol from 2014 to 2016 were retrospectively included. Patients were divided into 3 groups（low PDF，< 20%； medium PDF，≥20% and ≤40% ；high PDF，> 40%）. The measurements regarding the ovarian stimulation characteris? tics ，clinical pregnancy rate was compared between different PDF groups stratified by age and protocol. 【Results】 In patients aged ≤30 years who received the GnRH agonist long protocol，no significant difference was found in the clinical pregnancy rate between the different PDF groups（P > 0.05）. Regarding the GnRH antagonist protocol，no significant difference was found in the clinical pregnancy rate and moderate or severe OHSS rate（P > 0.05）. In patients aged ≥40 years， the clinical pregnancy rate in the low PDF group was higher than that in the high PDF groups（40% vs. 30.88%）in GnRH agonist long protocol. Concerning the GnRH antagonist protocol，patients in the low PDF group had a significantly higher clinical pregnancy rate than those in the other two groups（27.27% vs. 9.09% ，7.40% ；P = 0.002）.【Conclusions】PDF within 20% is recommended for older patients（≥40 years），especially in those receiving the GnRH antagonist protocol.

【Objective】To evaluate the role of serum antimullerian hormone （AMH） concentration in predicting clinical outcomes in controlled ovarian stimulation and intrauterine insemination （IUI）. 【Methods】 A retrospective analysis of IUI data from patients with polycystic ovary syndrome and infertility in our reproductive center from January 2014 to August 2017. According to the clinical outcomes，data was divided into three groups：clinical pregnancy group，non-pregnant group，and cancellation cycle group due to multiple follicular or no dominant follicular develop. The ovarian function evaluation indexes were compared such as serum AMH，basal FSH and basal sinus follicle（AFC）. The cutoff values of the AMH to predict multi- follicular development or no dominant follicular development which IUI cycles were cancelled，and to predict obtain cumulative clinical pregnancy outcomes were calculated according to the ROC curve to cancel the cycle. 【Results】 The clinical pregnancy rates of PCOS patients were from 15.9% to 17.1% ，while the cumulative clinical pregnancy rate increased in repeat cycles （≤3 cycles） was 21.6% ，significantly higher than the average clinical pregnancy rate（16.7%）during the first cycle. AMH levels in the cancelled cycle group were significantly higher than those in the non-cancelled cycle group［（14.1±6.5）vs（10.3±4.3）ng/mL，（14.1±6.5）vs（9.3±4.3）ng/mL， P<0.025］. Compared with the clinical pregnancy group，cancel cycle group and non- pregnant group，the mean AFC of the former two groups were significantly higher［（34.5±11.4）vs（30.7±11.3），（7.8±10.8）vs（30.7±11.3），P<0.025］. In addition，we found that women′ s age，baseline FSH were negatively correlated with the cumulative pregnancy rate of repeated IUI cycles，and women′s baseline BMI，baseline LH，AFC，and AMH were positively correlated with cumulative pregnancy rates. The number of mature follicles on the HCG triggering day，as well as the value of AMH，may be the influencing factor of IUI cumulative clinical pregnancy. By ROC curve analysis，we assume that AMH is more suitable than the AFC to predict IUI cycle cancellation rate and the cumulative pregnancy rate.【Conclusion】Repeated IUI cycles can be improved cumulative pregnancy rate of PCOS infertile couples. AMH，as an important index to measure ovarian reserve function，can be used to predict the the IUI cumulative clinical pregnancy outcomes and cancelled cycle rates：as AMH increased to more than 6.56 ng/mL，the pregnancy rate increased；but when AMH ≥14.72 ng/mL，the risk of cancelled IUI cycles was increased，becasues of multi-follicular developing and absence of dominant follicle development.

ObjectiveTo analyze the risk factors for in-hospital mortality in patients with Takotsubo Syndrome （TTS）. MethodsHospitalization data of consecutive patients with TTS from February 2009 to January 2022 were retrospectively collected and analyzed. Patients were divided into survival group and death group according to outcomes. The basic clinical information， triggering factors， laboratory examinations， electrocardiogram， echocardiography， complications and treatments of the two groups were compared. Univariable logistic regression analysis was used to screen the possible risk factors for in-hospital mortality in TTS patients， and multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to determine the independent risk factors for in-hospital mortality in TTS patients. ResultsA total of 62 TTS patients were included in our study， including 21 males （33.9%）， 41 females （66.1%） and 26 postmenopausal women （41.9%）， with the mean age of （55.6±16.2） years， and physical triggers were found in 50 patients （80.6%）. 17 patients （27.4%） died while 45 patients （72.6%） survived during hospitalization. The death group had lower systolic blood pressure and left ventricular ejection fraction （LVEF）， higher incidence rate of syncope， higher level of N-terminal pro-B natriuretic peptide （NT-proBNP） and hypersensitive troponin T （hs TnT） when compared with survival group （all P value <0.05）. As for the triggering factors， the proportion of TTS induced by neurologic disorders in the death group was higher than that in the survival group （P<0.05）. The death group had higher rates of cardiogenic shock， malignant ventricular arrhythmia， atrial fibrillation， and respiratory failure （all P value <0.05）. Compared with the survival group， therapeutic dopamine， therapeutic norepinephrine， hemodialysis and mechanical ventilation were higher in the death group （all P value <0.05）. Univariable logistic regression analysis suggested that syncope， NT-proBNP， LVEF， neurologic disorders， cardiogenic shock， malignant ventricular arrhythmia， atrial fibrillation， respiratory failure， therapeutic dopamine， therapeutic norepinephrine， hemodialysis and mechanical ventilation were potential risk factors for in-hospital mortality in TTS patients （all P value <0.05）. Multivariable logistic regression analysis indicated that neurologic disorders ［OR（95%CI）=5.651（1.195，26.715），P=0.029］， atrial fibrillation ［OR（95%CI）=6.217（1.276，30.298）， P=0.024）］ and therapeutic norepinephrin ［OR（95%CI）=8.847（1.912，40.949）， P=0.005］ were independent risk factors for in-hospital mortality in TTS patients. ConclusionsNeurologic disorders， atrial fibrillation and therapeutic norepinephrin are independent risk factors for in-hospital mortality in patients with Takotsubo Syndrome. Clinically， attention should be paid to the prevention and treatment of neurologic disorders and atrial fibrillation； norepinephrine should be carefully used in patients with diagnosed TTS complicated with hemodynamic instability.

【Objective】 To explore the differences of clinical medicine ，magnetic resonance imaging（MRI）and pathology in multifocal and multicentric breast cancer（MMBC）and unifocal breast cancer（UBC）. 【Methods】 In this retrospective analysis，55 MMBC and 68 UBC patients with pathology confirmed from April 2016 to February 2018 were enrolled，and the characteristics and difference of routine pathological types，molecular subtypes and MR enhancement types were compared. The relationships between MMBC ，UBC and the methods of clinical treatment were studied by correspondence analysis（CA）.【Results】Significant difference was observed between routine pathological types of MMBC and UBC（P < 0.001）. The high grade invasive ductal carcinoma was more frequent in maximal lesions of MMBC than in UBC lesions，whereas there was no statistical correlation between molecular subtypes，molecular subtypes and MR enhancement types（P = 0.265，P = 0.152）. However，there was statistical difference in masses enhancement（P = 0.013）. CA showed that the molecular subtypes of MMBC and UBC were the key factors for clinical treatment. In addition ，HER- 2（+）and Luminal B type breast cancer showed high correlation with treatment method，while triple-negative showed low correlation with treatment method.【Conclusions】The pathology types of the maximal lesions of MMBC were less aggressive than UBC lesions. There was significant correlation between clinical treatment and molecular subtypes of MMBC and UBC. Therefore，individualized treatments are recommended on the basis of biological characteristics in both MMBC and UBC.

ObjectiveTo compare the effects of ganirelix1， ganirelix2 and cetrorelix for preventing premature luteinizing hormone （LH） surges and on clinical outcomes in gonadotropin-releasing hormone antagonist （GnRH-ant） cycles. MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed 1434 GnRH-ant cycles of in vitro fertilization/intracytoplasmic sperm injection （IVF/ICSI） at the Reproductive Medical Center of The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University from October， 2019 to December， 2020， including 461 cycles with ganirelix 1 treatment （Group 1）， 741 cycles with ganirelix 2 treatment （Group 2） and 232 cycles with cetrorelix treatment （Group 3） . The baseline characteristics of the patients and the clinical outcomes of the three groups were compared. ResultsThere were no significantly differences found in age，body mass index and anti-Müllerian hormone among the three groups. There were no significant differences in number of oocytes， proportion of LH >10 U/L on human chorionic gonadotrophin （hCG） trigger day， incidence of moderate/severe ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome （OHSS）， mature oocytes， clinical pregnancy rate and live birth rate following fresh embryo transfer among the three groups （P > 0.05）. The early pregnancy loss rate of ganirelix 1 group was significantly higher than that of ganirelix 2 group （P < 0.05）. ConclusionThere were similar incidence of premature LH surge in hCG day， moderate/severe OHSS， clinical pregnancy rate and live birth rate in GnRH-ant protocols among the three antagonists. The ganirelix 1 group may have a higher risk of adverse pregnancy outcome following fresh transfer since the high early pregnancy loss rate of it.