Emodin is one of the main active ingredient of Rheum palmatum, and has anti-inflammatory, anti-bacterial, anti-viral and other effects. In recent years, it arouse concern since it has a significant anti-tumor effect with low toxicity. In this paper we mainly report the anti-cancer effects of emodin according to the studies of the past five years, including four parts such as inhibit tumor growth, inhibit migration and invasion, enhance the efficacy of combination therapy, increase chemosensitivity and attenuated side effects. We hope that our work may provide a reference for further study.
Animals ; Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Emodin ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Humans ; Neoplasms ; drug therapy

Arthropathy, Neurogenic ; Child ; Coxa Vara ; Hand Deformities, Congenital ; Humans ; Male ; Synovitis

OBJECTIVETo investigate the inhibitory effects and mechanism of apigenin (APG) on dominant response of Th2 cells in asthma model of mice.

METHODSThirty-two 6-week-old healthy BALB/c mice, SPF grade, were randomly divided into four groups equally, the normal control group (A), the asthma model group (B), and the two APG groups (C and D) consisted of asthma model mice treated respectively with high-dose (20 mg/kg per day) and low-dose (2 mg/kg per day) APG given by dissolving in 1% dimethyl sulphoxide via intraperitoneal injection. The murine asthma model was established by ovalbumin (OVA) sensitization and provocation. Twenty-four hours after the last airway provocation, acetylcholine (Ach) was administered via caudalis vein for measuring airway resistance by pulmonary function detector; levels of IL- 4 and IL-13 in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and total IgE in serum were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA); total and differential cell counts in BALF were measured by light microscopy; the airway inflammatory infiltration was detected by haematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining; and the signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (GATA-3) in the lung tissue was determined by Western blot analysis.

RESULTSAs compared with Group A, the airway hyper-reactivity, airway inflammation, cell count and eosinophil percentage in BALF, levels of total serum IgE and BALF IL-4 and IL-13, and GATA-3 protein expression in the lung tissue were significantly increased in Group B (P < 0.05). As compared with Group B, all the above-mentioned indices in Group C and D were lower, showing respective significant difference (P < 0.05), and significant difference was also shown between the two APG treated groups (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONAPG could reduce the airway inflammation and hyper-reactivity by down-regulating the expressions of pulmonary GATA-3 and Th, cytokines, which is a potential drug for asthma therapy.

Animals ; Apigenin ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Asthma ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; pathology ; Female ; GATA3 Transcription Factor ; metabolism ; Immunoglobulin E ; blood ; Inflammation ; Interleukin-13 ; metabolism ; Interleukin-4 ; metabolism ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Th2 Cells ; metabolism

Objective:To explore the clinical characteristics of chronic kidney disease (CKD) at the stage 3-5D in children with renal anemia, and provide reference data for standardized diagnosis and treatment.Methods:A single-center retrospective study was conducted to collect clinical data in children with CKD at Beijing Children's Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University from January 2016 to December 2018. The patients were divided into CKD stage 3 group, stage 4 group and stage 5 group according to estimated glomerular filtration rate. The indexes of anemia among the groups were compared. Data on anemia indicators, treatment, and anemia improvement in maintenance dialysis children at stage 5D were analyzed.Results:A total of 171 children with CKD were included in the study. The hemoglobin levels in CKD stage 3 group, stage 4 group and stage 5 group were (126.4±20.5) g/L, (90.8±26.0) g/L and (78.7±18.4) g/L, respectively, and there was a statistical difference among the groups ( χ2=61.982, P<0.001; trend test F=71.061, P<0.001). The incidences of anemia in children with CKD stage 3, stage 4 and stage 5 were 27.3% (9/33), 83.3% (25/30) and 95.4% (105/108), respectively. Mild, moderate and severe anemia in children with CKD stage 3 accounted for 15.2%(5/33), 12.1% (4/33) and 0(0), respectively. Mild, moderate and severe anemia in children with CKD stage 4 accounted for 26.7% (8/30), 50.0% (15/30) and 6.7% (2/30), respectively. Mild, moderate and severe anemia in children with CKD stage 5 accounted for 21.3%(23/108), 60.2%(65/108) and 15.8%(17/108), respectively. Anemia type was mostly normocytic anemia. The hemoglobin of 30 children with CKD stage 5D at the initial stage of dialysis was (79.3±16.3) g/L. Twenty-three children with CKD stage 5D received erythropoietin combined with oral iron or intravenous iron therapy. The hemoglobin compliance rates in children with maintenance dialysis in initial phase, 1 month, 2 months and 3 months were 6.7% (2/30), 16.7%(5/30), 63.3%(19/30) and 90.0%(27/30), respectively. The correction time for anemia was (2.5±1.0) months. Twelve children with CKD stage 5D received iron sucrose infusion, and no adverse reaction occurred. Conclusions:Renal anemia has a high incidence in children with CKD. Early and standardized treatment is of great significance to improve outcome of renal anemia. Venous iron infusion is a safe and effective treatment method for children with maintenance dialysis.

Adult ; Aged ; Capsules ; Drug Therapy, Combination ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Glossitis ; drug therapy ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Phytotherapy ; Tablets

Objective To explore the application and effect of case-based learning(CBL)in vas-cular surgery clinical teaching. Methods Totally 37 resident doctors were randomly divided into 2 groups respectively: CBL teaching group (n=21)and traditional teaching group (n=16). CBL teaching was con-ducted through the following procedures:selecting typical cases-establishing and applying typical case library-autonomous learning-holding regular seminars. Traditional teaching was conducted through the following procedures: basic theory studying-participating in clinical practice-participating in case discus-sion. Evaluation was conducted based on test socre (written test and clinical operational skill test)and res-idents' feedback of teaching effect. Data were statistically described and independent sample t test was performed. Results Theoretical exam score and clinical skill test score were high in CBL group than in traditional group ((thoretical score:(85.53 ±1.75) vs. (79.94 ±2.29);clinical skill test score:(85.10±1.64)vs.(80.31±1.82)). CBL teaching group had advantages in improving learning efficiency, cultivat-ing clinical thinking,promoting mastery and application of knowledge,broadening knowledge, promoting communication and expression ability and improving study enthusiasm ,et al . Conclusion CBL teaching can effectively improve the teaching quality and obtain higher evaluation. Typical case li-brary should be constantly improved and education of vascular surgical basic theory should be strength-ened to promote CBL.

The hexane extract from marine actinomycetes 124092 showed potent inhibition on B16 cell line by MTT assay. The hexane extract was fractionationed on silica gel column by vacuum liquid chromatography to afford 6 fractions(Fr1~Fr6), and Fr6 showed cytotoxic activity. To determine the bioacitve components of hexane extract, Fr6 was analyzed by GC/MS. The main components were identified as palmitic acid (11.76%), oleic acid (12.16%), linoleic acid (14.77%), and lactobacillic acid (61.31%). It have been reported that palmitic acid, oleic acid, and linoleic acid possess cytotoxic activity on rat ascites tumor cells and linoleic acid have suppressive effect on human lung adenocarcinoma cells.

OBJECTIVE To explore the correlation between hands pollution and nosocomial infection,and to raise measures to keep hand hygiene.METHODS To evaluate the condition of hand pollution and hand washing,the relationship between hands pollution and nosocomial infection,and measures to improve hand hygiene.RESULTS Most nosocomial infections were transmitted by the hands pollution,bacteria of which were thought to be the main microbial population of nosocomial infection.Handwashing was considered to be the most important intervention to prevent nosocomial infections.However,the present studies indicated that there was not enough handwashing practice among the medical personnel,lacking the consciousness of the importance of hand cleaning,misunderstanding the standard hand cleaning steps,like the length of washing time and the choose of hand disinfectant,and inadequately providing the hospital condition for cleaning work,all these played an important role in declining the efficiency of hand disinfection in hospital.Medical workers could achieve their goal through the improving of the above aspects of work.CONCLUSIONS Hands pollution is closely related to nosocomial infection.Handwashing can reduce nosocomial infections.

Objective To explore therapeutic effects and mechanisms of radical scavenger edaravone on experimental cerebral hemorrhage.Methods Two hundred-forty male SD rats were divided randomly into four groups:control group,cerebral hemorrhage group,edaravone treatment group before operation (A) and edaravone treatment group after operation (B).Experimental cerebral hemorrhage model was made according to the method reported by Rosenberg.Water quantity contained in brain and nervous missing sign were observed,meanwhile the levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and malondialdehyde (MDA) in brain tissue were measured.Results Compared with cerebral hemorrhage group,nervous missing sign and water quantity contained in brain obviously changed in edaravone treatment group (P

Objective To observe the rate-adaptive response of dual sensor pacemakers integrated with activity sensor and minute ventilation sensor.Methods Fifty patients with chronotrepic incompetence were implanted with pacemakers of integrated sensor.The patients with pacemakers implanted were arranged to take upstairs test,downstairs test and tapping test under the monitor of integrated sensor,minute ventilation sensor and activity sensor respectirely.The rate-adaptive responses were tracked down every 15 seconds with remote heart rate monitor.The results were compared with the control group patients with normal sinal chronotropic function(n=15).Results In activity sensor group,pacing rates were significantly higher than the normal control group in downstairs test and tapping test.In minute ventilation sensor group,pacing rates increasement was significantly slower in the beginning of upstairs test.Pacing rates of integrated group were similar to the normal control group in upstairs and downstairs tests.Conclusion The rate-adaptive pacing response of dual sensor integrated with activity sensor and minute ventilation sensor,which is mostly close to the normal chronotropic response,better than that of single sensor.