At present,there are many problems in the cultivation for medical students including lack of humanistic education,insufficient healthy personality shaping and innovation education.We made explorations in aspects of updating education concept,enhancing faculty construction,emphasizing basic course teaching and promoting students' abilities so as to cultivate the comprehensive quality of students majored in medical imaging (ultrasonic medicine).

BACKGROUND:Autologous hematopoietic stem celltransplantation is an effective treatment for multiple myeloma. After chemotherapy, autologous hematopoietic stem celltransplantation becomes a standard therapeutic regimen for multipla myeloma, and numerous units and centers have reported that. How to reduce toxic and adverse reactions of the drugs, transplantation-related complications and improvement of long-term survival have been present foci.
OBJECTIVE:To summarize the new progress of autologous hematopoietic stem celltransplantation in the treatment of multiple myeloma.
METHODS:We retrieved PubMed and China National Knowledge Infrastructure database, Vip database, Wanfang database, free medicaljournals.com source for articles published from January 2006 to November 2012 concerning autologous hematopoietic stem celltransplantation in the treatment of multiple myeloma. The key words were“autologous hematopoietic stem celltransplantation, multiple myeloma”. A total of 46 articles were included.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Large-dose chemotherapy combined with autologous hematopoietic stem celltransplantation for multiple myeloma obtained better outcomes compared with the traditional chemotherapy. However, many patients could not relieve after single autologous hematopoietic stem celltransplantation, and the disease recurred final y. Al ogeneic hematopoietic stem celltransplantation was limited by donor source, and treatment-associated fatality rate was high, so its use was confined. Therefore, present new development direction included twice autologous hematopoietic stem celltransplantation, autologous transplantation combined with al ogeneic transplantation with reduced-intensity conditioning regimens as wel as drug on the basis of single autologous hematopoietic stem celltransplantation. Novel drug proteasomes inhibitor and immunomodulator in inducer remission, pretreatment and sustaining stages obviously improved total reaction rate of multiple myeloma therapy and long-term survival.

Objective To determine the minimum alveolar concentration(MAC)of sevoflurane for blunting the responses to removal of the laryngeal mask airway(LMA)in 50%anesthetized children.Methods Twenty-five ASA Ⅰ or Ⅱ children aged 3-8 yr undergoing elective surgery under general anesthesia weTe enrolled in this stuay.Anesthesia was induced with inhalation of 8%Sevoflurane.LMA was inserted when the children lost eyelash reflex and the lower jaw was relaxed.Anesthesia was maintained with 3%sevoflurane.All the children kept spontaneous breathing during operation.Assisted ventilation waw performed when necessary to maintain PET CO2 at 35-45 mm Hg.After the surgery the target end-tidal sevoflurane concentration was maintained for 10 min before LMA was removed.Up-and-down sequential allocation was used to determine山e MAC.The initial end-tidal concentration was 1%and was increased/decreased by 20%in the next patient if the extubation response was positive or negative.Limb movement,breath-holding,laryngosposm and hypoxemia(SpO2<95%)were considered to be the signs of positive response.The midpoint from positive response to negative response was made the balance point.and the mean value ofthe concentrations of sevoflurane at all the balance points were calculated as MAC.Results The end-tidal sevoflurane concentration for blunting the responses to removal of LMA was 0.98%.Conclusion The MAC of sevoflilrane for blunting the responses to removal of LMA in 50%anesthetized children(aged 3-8 yr)is 0.98%.

Pancreatic cancer is one of the most malignant diseases.With the development of biology,its pathogenesis has become more and more clear.There are a lot of signal pathway aberrant in pancreatic cancer cell including Notch signal pathway,k-ras signal pathway,hedghog signal pathway,NF-κB signal pathway and so on.Because of the widespread of NF-κB signal pathway aberration in pancreatic cancer cell,we think that NF-κB play a key role in the various kinds of aberrant signal pathways.So the NF-κB relative sighal pathways in pancreatic cancer are reviewed in this atticle.

Objective To investigate the changes of serum C reactive protein (CRP), Interleukin-2 (IL-2), Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) and hemorheology in patients with pelvic inflammatory disease. Methods Eighty patients with pelvic inflammatory disease were enrolled as observation group from May 2013 to May 2015, 60 healthy women in the same age were selected as control group at the same period. The serum CRP, IL-2, MCP-1 and hemorheology were compared between observation group and control group;the detection indexes were compared in patients with mild, moderate and severe pelvic inflammatory disease in observation group. Results The serum levels of CRP and MCP-1 and hemorheology of observation group were higher than those of control group, the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05) . The detection indexes of patients with severe pelvic inflammatory disease were higher than those of mild and moderate pelvic inflammatory disease, the detection indexes of patients with moderate pelvic inflammatory disease were higher than those of mild pelvic inflammatory disease, the differences were all statistically significant (P<0.05) . The level of IL-2 of was significantly lower than that of control group, the level of IL-2 of patients with severe pelvic inflammatory disease was lower than that of mild and moderate pelvic inflammatory disease, the level of IL-2 of patients with moderate pelvic inflammatory disease was significantly lower than that of mild pelvic inflammatory disease, the differences were all statistically significant ( P<0.05) . Conclusion The serum levels of CRP, IL-2, MCP-1 and hemorheology of patients with pelvic inflammatory disease have significant changes, and the detection indexes of patients with mild, moderate and severe pelvic inflammatory disease have significant differences.

0.05).Conclusion The ET-1 promotes the expression of CDK_2 protein in HPASMCs,Which may play an important role in the proliferation of PASMCs.

Objective To investigate the extraction technique for atractylenolide Ⅰ in Atractylodes macrocephala by supercritical CO_2 fluid extraction and develop a method used for determining the content of atractylenolide Ⅰ in the extract by HPLC. Methods The effects of seven facters, such as the extracting pressure, resolving pressure etc, to the extraction rate of atractylenolide Ⅰ in A. macrocephala by supercritical CO_2 extraction were investigated. RP-HPLC was used to determine the content of atractylenolide Ⅰ in extraction of A. macrocephala. The separation was performed on Hypersil ODS2 column with methanol-water (70∶30) as mobile phase. The flow rate was 1.0 mL/min and the wavelength of UV detector was 220 nm. Results The optimal extracting conditions: taking 10% alcohol as entraiter, the particle size of medicinal substances was 60 screen meshes, extracting pressure 25 MPa, resolving pressure 5 MPa, extracting temperature 40 ℃, resolving temperature 30 ℃, and the extracting time 4 h. Conclusion Supercritical extraction is time-shorter and efficient in extracting atractylenolide Ⅰ from A. macrocephala. It is suitable to both trial and industrialized production. The method established to determine the content of atractylenolide Ⅰ of A. macrocephala by supercritical extraction is simple, sensitive, and reliable.

Objective To study the change of kidney injury biochemical index before and after SWL in southeast of Chongqing, and toanalyze the constituents of urinary stones,thus to provide the evidence for the treatment of patients with urinary stones by SWL in southeast of Chongqing.Methods 328 patients with urinary stones form our hospital in Southeast of Chongqing during 2008 to 2014 underwent SWL were enrolled.And we detected the levels of urine mALB,serum β2-MG,BUN,Cr before and after operation.The results were statistically analyzed.The chemical constituents of stones were analyzed.Results The levels of urine mALB,serumβ2-MG obviously increased on day 1-2 after operation,and reached the peak 2 days after operation.The result after 1-2 days showed significant difference(P <0.01).The levels returned to normal after 10 days.Compared with the levels before operation,the results after 10 days showed no significant difference(P >0.05).Compared with the levels before operation,the levels of BUN and Cr slightly increased,with no significant difference(P >0.05).Conclusion The detection of urine mALB,serum β2-MG of patients with urinary stones before and after SWL and analysis of the chemical compositions of urinary stones could provide the evidence for the treatment of patients with urinary stones by SWL in Southeast of Chongqing.

Anti-Arrhythmia Agents ; therapeutic use ; Arrhythmias, Cardiac ; drug therapy ; Child ; Humans ; Sotalol ; therapeutic use

In this study, a spectrophotometric detection method for diethylstilbestrol (DES) was proposed by reducing silver nitrate (AgNO3) to obtain silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) in the medium of ammonia and sodium hydroxide. It was found that the resulting AgNPs have plasmon resonance absorption (PRA) characteristic at 415 nm, and the PRA is proportional to the increase of DES concentration in the range of 4.0×10-8-1.0×10-5M with the detection limit (3σ) of 1.2×10-7M. Most of the coexisting substances at high concentrations did not affect the detection of real samples, such as tablets. The recovery was in the range of 96.01%-107.41% and the RSD was lower than 4.7%. This method can be successfully applied to control preparation quality of DES.