OBJECTIVE:To investigate the internal quality of 31 batches of Compound Glycyrrhiza oral solutions from different manufacturers.METHODS:The contents of Morphine and Guaifenesin in Compound Glycyrrhiza oral solutions were determined by HPLC,and the pH value of the solution was detected as well.RESULTS:Of the total 31 batches of samples,13 was unqualified in Morphine content,1 was unqualified in Guaifenesin content,and 1 was unqualified in pH value.CONCLUSION:The manufacturers should strictly obey the standards recorded in China Pharmacopoeia in respect of quality control to ensure the safety and efficacy of clinical medication.

Objective To investigate the change of disease constitution at different stages of a long voyage on the sea in a frigate. Methods The participants included the crew members in a frigate of PLA navy force. The disease types of the crew members were recorded at different stages of a long voyage on the sea in the frigate, including the whole voyage, early stage of voyage, middle stage of voyage and the late stage of voyage. Then, the disease constitution ratios at different stages was calculated, compared and sorted. Results It was found that the disease constituent ratios during the whole course, from high to low, was: respiratory infection,acute gastroenteritis,lumbar muscle degeneration,insomnia,kinetosis,dermatitis,oral ulcer,conjunctivitis,trauma,disease of cardiovascular system,paronychia and urinary calculi. The ranking during the early stage, from high to low, was: kinetosis, respiratory infection,trauma,acute gastroenteritis,lumbar muscle degeneration,disease of cardiovascular system,insomnia and dermatitis; the ranking during the middle stage was respiratory infection,acute gastroenteritis,lumbar muscle degeneration,insomnia,dermatitis,oral ulcer,trauma,conjunctivitis, urinary calculi and paronychia; and that during the late stage was: respiratory infection,lumbar muscle degeneration,insomnia,dermatitis,oral ulcer,acute gastroenteritis,conjunctivitis,kinetosis,disease of cardiovascular system,trauma,urinary calculi and paronychia. Conclusion Both the disease type and the disease constitution of the crew members change during different stages of a long voyage on the sea in a frigate.

Objective: To observe the effect of andrographolide on the expression of TNF-α and IL-12 in activated macrophages. Methods: The peritoneal macrophages were harvested from mice intraperitoneally injected with thioglycollate. The macrophages were pretreated with andrographolide and then stimulated with lipopolysaccharide. RT-PCR was used to examine the expression of TNF-α, IL-12a, and IL-12b in the macrophages, and ELISA was used to measure the protein levels of TNF-α and IL-12 in the supernatant. Results: Andrographolide inhibited the mRNA levels of TNF-α, IL-12a, and IL-12b, and the protein levels of TNF-α and IL-12 in activated macrophages, and the inhibition increased with the increase of andrographolide concentration. Andrographolide at 12 μg/ml (P<0.05) and 25 μg/ml (P<0.01) significantly inhibited TNF-α mRNA level in macrophages; andrographolide at 1 μg/ml (P<0.05) and 12 μg/ml (P< 0.01) significantly inhibited TNF-α protein level (P<0.01). Andrographolide at 1 μg/ml significantly inhibited IL-12b mRNA level and at 12 μg/ml significantly inhibited IL-12a mRNA level (P<0.01); and andrographolide at 1 μg/ml also significantly inhibited IL-12 protein level (P<0.01). Conclusion: Andrographolide can inhibit both the expression of TNF-α and IL-12 in activated macrophages.

AIM: To study the expression of MDM2 and muta nt-type P53 proteins in primary hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC). METHODS: Using immunohistochemical staining method(SP),the expression of mutant-t ype P53 and MDM2 proteins was examined in 55 cases of HCC,23 cases of correspond ing paracancerous tissues and 10 cases of normal hepatic tissues. RESULT S: The frequencies of MDM2 and P53 positive expression in HCC were 17/55 (30 9%) and 23/55 (41 8%), respectively. There was both positive expression of MDM2 and mutant-type P53 in 11 cases (20%) with HCC. Expression of MDM2 showed a significantly positive correlation with expression of mutant-type P53 (r=0 310,P

Background Stromal-derived factor 1α /chemokine receptor 4(SDF-1α/CXCR4) axis is one of the important signals which mediates several different activities such as chemotaxis,adhesion,proliferation and survival resulting in recruitment to sites of immune and inflammatory reactions.Considerable evidence suggests that CXCR4/SDF-1α axis is involved in tumor angiogenesis and plays a key role in the development of ocular neovascularization.Objective The purpose of this study was to explore the effect of CXCR4 antagonist on the development of cxperimental corneal neovascularization(CNV).Methods CNV model was established in the left eye of 8-weekold clean BALB/c mouse by putting the filter with 1 mol/L NaOH at the central cornea for 40 seconds.The animals were randomizcd into hyaluronate group and CXCR4 antagonist group,and the edydrops was topically administered respectively on the day of modeling 4 times per day for 14 days.CNV was examined under the slit lamp at the fourteenth day,and then the corneal suspension and section were made.Expressions of CXCR4 mRNA and protein in corneas were detected using RT-PCR and Western blot.The CD31 level in cornea was assayed by flowcytometry and immunochemistry.The expression of VEGF in burned corneas and suspension from mouse peritoneal macrophages stimulated with CXCR4 antagonist in vitro was detected by ELISA.The use of the animal followed Ragulations for the Administration of Affairs Concerning Experimental Animals by State Science and Technology Commission.Results Two weeks after corneal alkali burn,the growth of CNV peaked under the slit lamp.Compared with hyaluronate group,CNV was obviously decreased in the CXCR4 antagonist group.Immunochemistry showed that intensity of positive staining for CD31 in cornea in the CXCR4 antagonist group was weaker than the hyaluronate group.Flowcytometry clarified that CD31 positive cells rate was 9.50％ ±2.34％ in the CXCR4 antagonist group and 17.50％ ±3.16％ in the hyaluronate group,showing a significant difference between them (t=-7.312,P＜0.05).In 2,4,7 days after cornea alkali burn,the expressions of CXCR4 mRNA and protein were significantly enhanced in burn corneas compared with normal corneas(P＜0.01 ;P＜0.05).ELISA showed that the VEGF expression level in corneal tissue and supernatant of mouse peritoneal macrophages in vitro were significantly lower in the CXCR4 antagonist group than that of hyaluronate group(t =10.927,5.151,P＜0.05).The expression level of VEGF in corneal suspension was lower in the GM-CSH+CXCR4 antogonist group than that in the GM-CSH group (P＜0.05).Conclusions CXCR4 antagonist can reduce experimental CNV by down-regulating VEGF expression in cornea.

ObjectiveTo observe the effect of ultrashort waves combined with medication on children with cerebral dysfunction syndrome (CDS) accompanied with pneumonia.Methods76 children with CDS accompanied with pneumonia were randomly divided into treatment group (n=38, treated with anti-inflammatory and ultrashort waves one time per day for ten days) and control group (n=38, treated only with anti-inflammatory). The effective rate and the days of rales vanished of children in two groups after treatment were compared.ResultsIn the treatment group, 14 cases cured, 20 cases got significant result, 4 cases were effective, total effective rate was 100%; in the control group, 10 cases cured, 14 cases got significant result, 9 cases were effective, 5 cases were invalid, total effective rate was 86.8%. There was a significant difference between therapeutic effects of two groups ( P<0.05).ConclusionThe ultrashort waves therapy is an effective method for the children with CDS accompanied with pneumonia.

Objective To investigate the effects of intestinal ischemia reperfusion (IIR) on the progression of inflammatory reaction in hemorrhagic necrosis pancreatitis (HNP).Methods Eighty rats were randomly divided into sham operation (SO) group,acute edematous pancreatitis (AEP) group,AEP + IIR group and HNP group according to the random number table.Erythrocyte velocity (EV),functional capillary density (FCD) and leukocyte adherence (LA) were observed at 0,1,2,3 and 6 hours after the models were completed.The serum levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) were detected.All data were analyzed by using the analysis of variance or the t test.Results The level of EV in the AEP group significantly decreased at 1 hour,and got increased at 3 hours,while the level of EV in the AEP group was still significantly lower than that in the SO group ( t =9.60,P ＜ 0.05 ).The levels of EV in the AEP + IIR group and HNP group constantly decreased,and increased at 6 hours,but were continually lower than that in the AEP group ( t =6.03,6.12,P ＜0.05 ).The level of FCD in the AEP group was significantly lower than that in the SO group at 3 hours ( t =8.20,P＜0.05).The levels of FCD in the AEP + IIR group and HNP group were significantly lower than that in the AEP group at 3 hours (t =35.60,23.80,P ＜ 0.05 ).Compared with AEP group,the level of LA in the AEP group was significantly increased at 1 hour ( t =75.00,P ＜ 0.05 ) and reached peak at 3 hours.The levels of LA in the AEP + IIR group and HNP group were significantly higher than that in the AEP group at 1,2,3,6 hours (t =23.00,29.50,53.00,38.70,23.10,48.20,39.20,47.50,P＜0.05).Compared with SO group,the level of TNF-α in the AEP group significantly increased since l hour (t =77.00,P ＜ 0.05),and began to decrease at 3 hours; the levels of TNF-α in the AEP +IIR group and HNP group at 2 hours were significantly higher than that in the AEP group (t =23.50,18.10,P＜0.05).The levels of IL-6 in the AEP group at 1,2,3,6 hours were significantly higher than those in the SO group ( t =93.50,146.00,243.60,209.20,P ＜ 0.05 ).The levels of IL-6 in the AEP + IIR group and HNP group at 1 hour were not significantly different from that in the AEP group ( t =2.30,2.03,P ＞ 0.05),while the levels of IL-6 in the AEP + IIR group and HNP group at 2 hours were significantly higher than that in the AEP group (t =35.63,29.80,P ＜ 0.05 ).Conclusion IIR may enhance the inflammatory reaction of AEP and IIR might be one of the factors to exaggerate the inflammatory reaction of HNP.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the abirritation and antiinflammation effects of Monkshood Root and Peony Root used singly and in combination, and to find the enhanced effects of the two drugs used in combination; To observe the effect of Monkshood Root and Peony Root used singly and in combination by studing the immunoregulation function in experimental animals.

METHODThe response of delayed type hypersensitivity in mice, the phagocytosis of abdominal macrophages in mice, and the production of special antibodies in mice were observed.

RESULTThe two drugs used in combination could increase phagocytosic function of mononuclear macrophagocyte in hypoimmuitic model mice, and inhibit the responses of delayed type hypersensitivity in the hyperimmunitic model mice and the nonimmunosuppressive treated mice, with nosignificant effect on the production of special antibodies in mice.

CONCLUSIONIn accordance with the mechanism of the disorder between the anti-inflammation effect and the induce-inflammation effect on arthritis in the immune system, these data show the bidirectional effect of the two drugs used in combination on the immune responses, which may be one of the main mechanisms of treating arthralgia due to wind-dampness.

Aconitum ; chemistry ; Adjuvants, Immunologic ; therapeutic use ; Animals ; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal ; therapeutic use ; Arthritis, Experimental ; drug therapy ; immunology ; Drug Combinations ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; isolation & purification ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Hypersensitivity, Delayed ; drug therapy ; Male ; Mice ; Paeonia ; chemistry ; Phytotherapy ; Plant Roots ; chemistry ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry

ObjectiveTo determine the impact of lupus flares on maternal and fetal outcomes in pregnant patients with systemic lupus erythematosus(SLE).MethodsData was obtained from 46 pregnancies of 44 pregnant women with SLE.The relationship between lupus flares and pregnant outcomes,and the risk factors for adverse maternal and fetal prognosis were analyzed.T-test,X2 test or Fisher's exact test and Logistic regression were used for statistical analysis.Results① Lupus flares occurred in19(41％)pregnancies(group A) and stable lupus disease was observed in 27(59％) pregnancies(group B) during pregnancy.Compared to pregnancies in patients with stable lupus disease at the conception(n=32),pregnancies in patients with unstable lupus disease at the conception(n=8) had higher lupus flare during pregnancy( 100％ vs 16％,P＜0.05).(②) The common manifestations of lupus flares during pregnancy were lupus nephritis (LN) (11 cases),skin rashes (10 cases),arthritis (7 cases),and the common complication was infection ( 11 cases).(③) The incidence of premature labor,fetal growth retardation (FGR) and fetal loss in group A was 42％,47％ and 26％ respectively,which was significantly higher than that of the group B (7％,15％ and 0 respectively)(P＜0.05).There was no difference in the incidence of preeclampsia,fetal distress and neonatal asphyxia between the two groups ( 16％ vs 7％,16％ vs 19％,5％ vs O,respectively,P＞0.05).The incidence of premature labor and FGR in patients with active LN was higher than that of patients without active LN (55％ vs 11％,64％ vs 17％,respectively,P＜0.05).(④)The binary Logistic regression analysis showed that renal impairment,hypocomplementemia,aPL and serum urea nitrogen level were independent risk factors for premature delivery,FGR,fetal loss and fetal distress.Conclusion(①) Lupus flares during pregnancy increase the incidence of premature labor,FGR and fetal loss.Active LN during pregnancy can increase the incidence of premature labor and FGR.② Renal impairment,hypocomplementemia,aPL and serum urea nitrogen level are associated with adverse fetal outcomes in pregnant patients with SLE.

Objectives To summarize the characteristics,differential diagnosis and management of incomplete 17 alpha-hydroxylase/17,20-1yase deficiency(17 OHD)of Chinese patients.Methods Six cases of incomplete 17 OHD from Peking Union Medical College Hospital were studied retrospectively through analyzing their clinical data,and the molecular pathogenic mechanism was discussed after literature review.Results Four cases of 46,XX incomplete 17 OHD were reported.The clinical characteristics included female phenotype,various degrees of breast development and absent or sparse axillary/pubic hair, oligomenorrhea or secondary amenorrhea,recurrent luteinized ovarian cysts,hypogonadism with persistent hyperprogesteronemia or high serum 17 alpha-hydroxyprogesterone level,with or without hypokalemic hypertension.There were also 2 cases of 46,XY incomplete 17 OHD,in which ambiguous genitalia were present besides hypokalemic hypertension.Conclusions Incomplete 17 OHD is a very rare form of congenital enzymatic deficiencies of steroid synthesis,which should be included in the differential diagnosis when there are menstrual disorders,sexual infantilism,recurrent ovarian cysts or ambiguous genitalia.Under such circumstances,hyperprogesteronemia offers a valuable clue for further investigation.