Objective To objectively analyze the manifestation of sleep disorders in patients with Parkinson' s disease (PD) using polysomnogram (PSG) and multiple sleep latency test (MSLT). Method Twenty-six patients (PD group)with PD and 31 controls without CNS diseases( control group) underwent all night ambulatory video-polysomnographic monitoring and MSLT on the next day. Sleep architecture, mean sleep latency,sleep onset rapid eye movement (REM) periods(SOREMPs) and sleep attacks(Sas) of the two groups were analyzed. Results When compared to the controls, percentage of NREM stage 2 sleep,percentage of REM sleep, mean sleep latency in the PD patient group were significantly decreased (32.8% ±13.1% vs40.2% ±9.1%,t = -2.515;8.6% ±5.3% vs 11.5% ±5.1%,t = -2.054;(9.6 ± 4. 4) min vs ( 15.7 ± 3. 1 ) min, t = - 6. 1 64, all P ＜ 0. 05 ), while arousal index was significantly increased ( (41.8 ± 32. 1 )/h vs ( 28.6 ± 1 1. 0 )/h, t = 2. 151, P ＜ 0. 05 ). The prevalence of excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS; 7/26, 26. 9% ) was higher in the PD patient group than in the controls (1/31,3. 2%; ×2 =4. 764,P＜0. 05). Multivariate linear regression analysis showed that after adjusting for sleep efficiency, apnea hypopnea index, arousal index, decreasing mean sleep latency in PD patients was significantly associated with both age( β = -0. 328) and levodopa equivalents( β = -0. 008; t = -2. 829,-2. 352,all P ＜ 0.05). SOREMPs occurred in 5 of 26 (19.2%) PD patients and Sas occurred in 3 ( 11.5% ) PD patients but did not occur in the controls. Conclusion Changes in sleep architectures and EDS are more common in PD patients. Physicians should be highly vigilant in recognizing Sas, which are uncommon in PD patients.

Adult ; Aged ; Altitude ; Humans ; Janus Kinase 2 ; genetics ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Point Mutation ; Polycythemia ; genetics

Objective: To observe the clinical efficacy of electroacupuncture (EA) plus Tanbo-plucking the trigger points for scapulohumeral periarthritis (SP). Methods:A total of 80 patients with SP were randomized into an observation group and an EA group by the random number table, with 40 cases in each group. The EA group was treated with EA therapy, and the observation group was treated with EA therapy plus Tanbo-plucking the trigger points. After treatment, the visual analog scale (VAS) and Melle scores of the two groups were compared to evaluate the improvement of shoulder pain and functional activity, and meanwhile the clinical efficacy was observed. Results: After treatment, the total effective rate of the observation group was 95.0％ and the cure and markedly effective rate was 72.5％. The total effective rate of the EA group was 87.5％ and the cure and markedly effective rate was 42.5％. There was no significant difference in the total effective rate between the two groups (P>0.05). The cure and markedly effective rate of the observation group was higher than that of the EA group, and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant (P<0.05). After treatment, the intra-group differences in VAS and Melle scores of both groups were statistically significant (bothP<0.001). The inter-group differences in the changes of the VAS and Melle scores after treatment were statistically significant (bothP<0.001). Conclusion: EA plus Tanbo-plucking the trigger points has a better curative effect than EA therapy alone in the treatment of SP.

Objective To explore the change of plasma orexin A concentration and the correlation between plasma orexin A concentration and energy intake in obese children.Methods Fasting plasma orexin A concentrations,boaly mass index(BMI) and energy intake were measured in 48 obese children(obese group) and 48 healthy children(healthy control group),and these indexes were compared,the correlation between plasma orexin A concentration and BMI,energy intake were analyzed.Results 1.The plasma orexin A concentration in obese group was significantly lower than that in healthy control group(F=5.632 P=0.008).2.In obsess group,there were negative correlation between plasma orexin A concentration and BMI(r=-0.478 P=0.012),positive correlation between plasma orexin A concentration and total energy intake(r=0.503 P=0.007),fat intake(r=0.659 P=0.006) and protein intake(r=0.381 P=0.026),and there was negative correlation between plasma orexin A concentration and carbohydrate(r=-0.316 P=0.022).3.In healthy control group,there were negative correlation between plasma orexin A concentration and BMI(r=-0.491 P=0.018),positive correlation between plasma orexin A concentration and total energy intake(r=0.512 P=0.009),fat intake(r=0.406 P=0.005),protein intake(r=0.313 P=0.020),and carbohydrate(r=0.432 P=0.025).Conclusions Orexin A may be involved in regulation of energy metabolism in obese children,and the interaction between plasma orexin A and energy intake might be different in different nutritional status in children.

Objective To investigate the association of B?-fibrinogen gene-455G/A polymorphism and plasma fibrinogen levels with Henoch-Schoenlein purpura(HSP) in children.Methods Sixty-seven children(including 40 boys and 27 girls) with HSP were served as HSP group,age ranging from 5-14 years,with the average age of 9 years.Seventy healthy controls(including 37 boys and 33 girls) were served as healthy controls.Age ranging from 5-13 years,with the average age of 9 years.The B?-fibrinogen gene-455G/A polymorphism was detected in all subjects by polymerase chain reaction-restrictive fragment length polymorphism technique with restrictive enzyme HaeⅢ.Results There were a greater proportion of individuals with the AA,GA,GG genotype in the HSP group comparied with those of the healthy controls(?2=29.5 P0.05].Conclusions The B?-fibrinogen gene-455G/A mutation is correlated with HSP in children,A allele is susceptibility gene of HSP in children.The plasma fibrinogen level is related to HSP in children.

Objective To study the subacute inhalation toxicity of Ivermectin TC, and obtain its non-observed adverse effect level(NOAEL).Methods It was performed on the doses of Ivermectin TC 190, 380, 750 mg/m3, the solvent control group (0.03%Tween-80 solution) , the control group and additional group ( there were 6 female and 6 male Sprague-Dawley rats for each group) .The animals inhaled with nose-only exposure for 4 weeks (4 h/d, 5 d/week) .The additional group should be observed another 14 days after exposing.At the end of experiment, the rats were killed, the routine and biochemical detection, the body weight and organ to body weight ratios were all measured.Results In the high exposure group, clinical signs of rats included hair fluffy, dull, salivation, tremors were recorded at the exposure period;in female rats, feed efficiency was decreased, ALT and liver to body weight ratio were increased; in male rats, BUN and ALT were increased, CHOL and body weight for the 4th week were decreased.Histopathological examinations revealed that swelling in the liver cell was seen in some female rats at high exposure group.Conclusion The results suggested that the NOAEL of Ivermectin TC in SD rats was 380 mg/m3(4 h/d for 28 days).

Objective To investigate the effect of problem based learning (PBL) applied in the course of Assessment & Evaluation of Physical Therapy. Methods PBL and traditional teaching were applied in different classes. Their scores of the final examination were compared, and the students were investigated with the questionnaire. Results The scores of final examination were higher in the PBL class than that in the traditional teaching (P<0.001). A lot of the students accepted the PBL in the course. Conclusion PBL can improved the teaching quality of the course of Assessment & Evaluation of Physical Therapy.

OBJECTIVEExplore the genotype of the epidemic Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) in Yunnan Province from molecular level and to understand the molecular differences of the virus isolated from Yunnan at different time, locality and host.

METHODSThree-day suckling mice were inoculated with viruses continuously and when the disease developed and the mice were dying, the brain was taken and DNA was extracted from the supernatants of the brain after grinding; then the gene fragments of Prm-C region were amplified by RT-PCR. The viral gene sequences were compared with those of other 72 strains of JEV originated from both China and abroad at different times. Finally the genotypes were analyzed with the method which was established by Woan-Ru Chen.

RESULTSAll the 3-day suckling mice which were inoculated with the virus died within 78 h. The results of the nucleic acid-sequence analysis showed that 17 strains of the experimental virus belonged to genotype 1 and 2 strains belonged to genotype 3. The difference between genotype 1 and type 3 were more than 15%. While the difference between 17 strains of genotype 1 which were separated at different time, location and hosts were only 3.8%-5.2%.

CONCLUSIONThe above results suggest that the genotype of the epidemic JEV in Yunnan Province are type 1 and 3 and the latter is the main type.

Animals ; Animals, Newborn ; Brain ; pathology ; virology ; China ; Encephalitis Virus, Japanese ; classification ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; Encephalitis, Japanese ; virology ; Genotype ; Mice ; Phylogeny ; RNA, Viral ; genetics ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Sequence Analysis, DNA ; Viral Envelope Proteins ; genetics

OBJECTIVETo understand the effect of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) on AIDS patients, and to explore the prevalence and the impact of HIV-1 drug resistance in Shandong province.

METHODS2 cross-sectional studies were carried on in 2004 and 2005, to collect data on clinical symptoms and compliance of the AIDS patients with HAART through questionnaire. Informed-consent principle was followed to test on immunological, viral and laboratory index of them. HIV-1 drug genotype resistance by sequencing the gene of HIV-POL after RT-PCR was performed and analyzed.

RESULTS31 AIDS cases with and. 27 AIDS cases without HAART, were studied. 83.3% and 64.5% of the AIDS patients with HAART showed that the CD4+ T cell count was rising to over 350/microl, in the first study (2004) and in the second (2005) study respectively but still 45.8% and 45.2% of AIDS patients under HAART in the 2 years showed a decreasing HIV load under the detected limit. However, these findings were showing remarkable difference when compared with the AIDS without HAART. 7 drug resistance gene sites were found in AIDS patients with HAART and in AIDS patients without HAART. The rate on high degree drug resistance mutation and total drug resistance rate of mutation of the former were higher remarkably than those of the latter.

CONCLUSIONMost of the AIDS patients with HAART met the purpose of rebuilding immunity and control of HIV,as well as alleviation of symptoms. Although the drug resistance stain appeared in Shandong,but had little effect on HAART. AIDS; Drug resistance; Highly active antiretroviral therapy

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome ; drug therapy ; Adult ; Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active ; CD4 Lymphocyte Count ; China ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Drug Resistance, Viral ; genetics ; Genotype ; HIV-1 ; drug effects ; genetics ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Patient Compliance ; Prevalence ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Viral Load

Objective To investigate the frequency of CD4~+CD25~+FOXP3~+Treg cells in the peripheral blood of systemic lupus erythematosus(SLE)patients and its association with disease activity.Methods Pe- ripheral blood mononuclear cells(PBMC)from 28 patients(including 18 active SLE)and 22 healthy controls were counted and stained for CD4,CD25 and intracellular FOXP3.Cells were examined by 3-color staining on the Epics XL-MC and data were analyzed using EXPO32 software.Disease activity was assessed by systemic lupus erythematousus activity index(SLEDAI).Results The frequency of CD4~+CD25~+FOXP3~+Treg cells was significantly decreased in patients with active SLE compared with patients with inactive SEE and controls [(1.08?0.43)%,(1.58?0.45)% and(1.66?0.34)%,P